高速铁路与公路客运竞争的市场分担率模型研究

随着高速铁路的快速发展,高速铁路网络初步形成,对公路客运也产生了巨大的冲击。在原有由经济性、快速性、方便性、舒适性、安全性因素组成的传统Logit函数上,加入偏好性因素,构建了改进的Logit函数模型来分析竞争市场分担率。同时,基于运行时速和距离,构建了高速铁路与公路客运市场分担率演变模型并进行了敏感性分析。结果表明,从市场总份额和影响因素重要性角度来讲,高速铁路与公路客运市场份额分别为53.32%和46.8%;从不同距离上的竞争演变角度来讲,在高速铁路时速分别为200、250、300、350 km时,高速铁路与公路客运竞争的市场临界点分别为200、150、100、75 km,大于这些临界点时,高速铁路市场份额占优势;小于这些临界点时,公路客运市场份额占优势。     

Global Inverse Optimal Tracking Control of Underactuated Omni-directional Intelligent Navigators (ODINs)

This paper presents a design of optimal controllers with respect to a meaningful cost function to force an underactuated omni-directional intelligent navigator (ODIN) under unknown constant environment...     

Large-scale network partitioning for decentralized traffic management and other transportation applications

For numerous large-scale engineering and science problems, domain decomposition (DD) has generally been accepted by research communities as among the most attractive methods to obtain solutions efficiently. As a prerequisite for the DD solution process, a large domain must be partitioned into several smaller subdomains, with the key to success (of any DD partitioning algorithm) being the number of system boundary nodes. The lower this number, the more efficiently the subdomains can be processed. Although various transportation researchers have hinted at the use of DD, for example, in intelligent transportation systems-enabled decentralized traffic management, it is assumed that the partition is given. This article presents a simple, efficient, and effective algorithm to decompose a transportation network into a predefined number of interconnected subdomains such that the number of system boundary nodes is small (first priority) and the number of nodes in each subdomain is of similar size (second priority). To assess the effectiveness (in terms of minimizing the number of system boundary nodes) of the proposed Shortest Distance Decomposition Algorithm, it is compared with METIS version 5.1.0, currently among the most widely used graph partitioning algorithms worldwide. Using large-scale, real-world transportation test networks, it was found that the Shortest Distance Decomposition Algorithm is better than METIS in 21 of the 27 examples tested; on average, it provided (approximately) 42.0% of the system boundary nodes (as compared to METIS results) in our large-scale examples.     

Global robust and adaptive output feedback dynamic positioning of surface ships

A constructive method was presented to design a global robust and adaptive output feedback controller for dynamic positioning of surface ships under environmental disturbances induced by waves, wind, and ocean currents. The ship’s parameters were not required to be known. An adaptive observer was first designed to estimate the ship’s velocities and parameters. The ship position measurements were also passed through the adaptive observer to reduce high frequency measurement noise from entering the control system. Using these estimate signals, the control was then designed based on Lyapunov’s direct method to force the ship’s position and orientation to globally asymptotically converge to desired values. Simulation results illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed control system. In conclusion, the paper presented a new method to design an effective control system for dynamic positioning of surface ships.     

欠驱动ODINs的全局逆最优循迹控制（英文）

This paper presents a design of optimal controllers with respect to a meaningful cost function to force an underactuated omni-directional intelligent navigator(ODIN) under unknown constant environmental loads to track a reference trajectory in two-dimensional space. Motivated by the vehicle’s steering practice, the yaw angle regarded as a virtual control plus the surge thrust force are used to force the position of the vehicle to globally track its reference trajectory. The control design is based on several recent results developed for inverse optimal control and stability analysis of nonlinear systems, a new design of bounded disturbance observers, and backstepping and Lyapunov’s direct methods. Both state- and output-feedback control designs are addressed. Simulations are included to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed results.