德国特里肯设计公司的人性化设计理念

特里肯(TRICON)公司的两位所有人托马斯·柯尼希及弗兰克·舒斯特先生,提出了“设计超越形式”的理念。当前在国际上,火车、地铁、有轨电车等仅仅具备技术功能的设计时代已经过去。在汽车制造业中早已被推广的人性化设计理念,已越来越广泛地被应用到公共交通工具的设计中。对此     

Vehicle Handling Improvement by Active Steering

Summary This paper first analyses some stability aspects of vehicle lateral motion, then a coprime factors and linear fractional transformations (LFT) based feedforward and feedback H 8 control for vehicle handling improvement is presented. The control synthesis procedure uses a linear vehicle model which includes the yaw motion and disturbance input with speed and road adhesion variations. The synthesis procedure allows the separate processing of the driver reference signal and robust stabilization problem or disturbance rejection. The control action is applied as an additional steering angle, by combination of the driver input and feedback of the yaw rate. The synthesized controller is tested for different speeds and road conditions on a nonlinear model in both disturbance rejection and driver imposed yaw reference tracking maneuvers.     

Indicators of urban accessibility: Theory and application

The concept of accessibility and its related indicators have been in use for a long time, with still diverging interpretations of their significance and formulation. In this paper, a review is made of various existing theoretical bases, with special emphasis on recent behavioural approaches. It is suggested that this theoretical framework now allows a better appraisal of accessibility indicators and precise recommendations are proposed for their practical formulation and use. Various examples are given, especially for disaggregate analysis where a calculation for a given person is proposed instead of the conventional calculation .by a given mode. Finally, the relations between accessibility and trip rate are examined; from a study made in French cities, it is suggested that accessibility is a powerful determinant of trip rate.