使蛋白酶体发光

基于细胞的检验方法已经得到了发展，主要用于测定培养细胞中与蛋白酶体相关的糜蛋白酶样蛋白酶活性。该方法结合了发光蛋白酶检验的敏感性和单添加剂的单一性，避免了乏味的抽样过程。使用发光细胞检验法可以克服使用细胞提取物或纯蛋白酶体的局限性。能够成功获得Luminogenic蛋白酶底物的敏感性有可能直接促进“添加、混合、测定”检验法的发展，它有足够的敏感性用以直接测定多孔板细胞中的糜蛋白酶样蛋白酶活性。     

Increased expression of the 20S proteasome in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of type 2 diabetic patients

Objective To investigate the dynamic expression of the 20S proteasome in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of type 2 diabetic patients without vascular complications. Methods PBMCs were prepared from 30 type 2 diabetic patients and 30 nondiabetic controls. The general indexes including weight, height and blood pressure were recorded. Fasting plasma glucose, fasting plasma insulin and glycosylated hemoglobin were measured. The protein level of the 20S proteasome was measured by Western blotting. The mRNA expression levels of the 20S proteasome β1, β2 and β5 subunits were detected by real-time PCR. Results Compared with that in the nondiabetic controls, the protein level of the 20S proteasome was significantly increased in the diabetic patients and was positively associated with glycosylated hemoglobin. Conclusion Type 2 diabetic patients without vascular complications have an increased 20S proteasome expression, the significance of which needs to be explored by further study.     

蛋白酶体抑制剂硼替佐米对MC3T3-E1细胞成骨分化和增殖的影响

目的观察蛋白酶体抑制剂硼替佐米(bortezomib)对于小鼠MC3T3-E1细胞系成骨分化、增殖和凋亡的影响。方法用不同浓度梯度的硼替佐米作用于培养的MC3T3-E1细胞,利用茜素红染色检测成骨分化,CCK-8法检测细胞增殖,流式细胞术分析细胞周期和凋亡,Western blot分析细胞周期相关蛋白变化。结果①硼替佐米剂量依赖性地抑制MC3T3-E1细胞的增殖活力[IC_(50)=(7.37±0.34)nmol/L];②低浓度硼替佐米能够诱导MC3T3-E1细胞发生成骨分化;③高浓度硼替佐米对于MC3T3-E1细胞表现出明显的毒性,诱导细胞凋亡发生;④低浓度硼替佐米所诱导的MC3T3-E1成骨分化进程中,伴随有明显的G_0/G_1期细胞周期阻滞。Western blot检测发现,G_0/G_1期细胞周期阻滞与细胞周期素依赖性激酶CDK2和CDK4表达水平降低,以及细胞周期蛋白内质网应激活化引起的细胞周期抑制蛋白p21Cip1和p27Kip1的表达上调有关。结论低剂量蛋白酶体抑制剂硼替佐米能够诱导成骨前体细胞MC3T3-E1发生成骨分化,并引起G_0/G_1期细胞周期阻滞介导的增殖抑制。