新型零航速矢量减摇系统研究

针对海洋科研平台、科考船等减摇系统的快速响应性工作需求,在螺旋桨推进器基础上开发了一种零航速矢量减摇系统。本文介绍系统机构设计及其工作原理,结合耐波性计算分析获取船舶横摇规律,采用滑台搭载重物往复移动方式,模拟船舶规则横摇以获得规则波实验条件,并通过船模实验验证该减摇装置作用下的船舶横摇减摇效果。零航速规则波模拟实验研究表明,该减摇装置具有可控性强、易改装的特点,能够大幅提高船舶的耐波性,为后续工程试验船舶上安装该减摇系统奠定理论与实验基础。     

基于支持向量机的可靠性增长费用建模与分析

支持向量机是一种采用结构风险最小化原则代替传统经验风险最小化原则的新型统计学习方法，具有完备的理论基础。首先应用支持向量机原理建立了基于支持向量机的多参数武器装备可靠性增长费用预测模型，然后对我军某型现役装备使用阶段可靠性增长费用数据进行了预测与分析。结果表明，与一般的回归分析相比，基于支持向量机的回归模型具有很好的预测精度。     

Coupled transport-reaction pathways and distribution patterns between siliciclastic-carbonate sediments at the Ria de Vigo

This paper examines the linkages between the space-distribution of grain sizes and the relative percentage of the amount of mineral species that result from the mixing process of siliciclastic and carbonate sediments at the Ria de Vigo (NW of Spain).The space-distribution of minerals was initially determined, starting from a detailed mineralogical study based on XRD-Rietveld analysis of the superficial sediments. Correlations between the maps obtained for grain sizes, average fractions of either siliciclastic or carbonates, as well as for individual-minerals, were further stabilised. From this analysis, spatially organized patterns were found between carbonates and several minerals involved in the siliciclastic fraction. In particular, a coupled behaviour is observed between plagioclases and carbonates, in terms of their relative percentage amounts and the grain size distribution.In order to explain these results a conceptual model is proposed, based on the interplay between chemical processes at the seawater–sediment interface and hydrodynamical factors. This model suggests the existence of chemical control mechanisms that, by selective processes of dissolution-crystallization, constrain the mixed environment's long-term evolution, inducing the formation of self-organized sedimentary patterns.     

一种电流型PWM逆变器的电荷轨迹控制法

采用空间向量原理，从空间电荷向量端点轨迹逼近于国出发，推导出ＰＷＭ脉冲模式的算法，同时采用８０９７微处理器实现这种脉冲模式和对逆变器进行控制。由实验波形看出，在较低频时逆变器的输出电流为三相对称的近似的正弦波电流，消除了低频时有害的寄生脉动转矩。     

基于分离迭代和耦合时变的列车—轨道—桥梁耦合系统高效动力分析混合算法

为提高列车—轨道—桥梁耦合系统动力分析的计算效率,基于耦合时变法及分离迭代法,提出了1种混合算法。该算法将列车—轨道—桥梁耦合系统分解为车辆—轨道子系统和桥梁子系统。其中,车辆—轨道子系统在每一时间步需根据车辆位置对系统刚度系数矩阵进行更新,具有时变的特性;桥梁子系统的系统动力系数矩阵在整个动力分析过程中保持不变;车辆—轨道子系统与桥梁子系统通过钢轨与桥梁间作用力的平衡迭代实现耦合。利用朔黄重载铁路32m简支梁桥现场试验数据与由混合算法计算得到的分析结果进行对比,验证了混合算法的可行性。采用耦合时变法和混合算法分别计算列车通过蒙华重载铁路黄河龙门大桥的动力响应,结果表明:采用相同的时间积分步长时,2种方法拥有相同的计算精度,但混合算法比耦合时变法具有更高的计算效率,求解耗时降低了75%。     

抑制共模干扰的矢量控制技术研究

通过分析三相四桥臂逆变器工作原理及工作模式,推导出三相四桥臂逆变器共模电压的计算公式,由此提出一种运用于三相四桥臂逆变器的改进型SVPWM调制技术。针对新的调制技术,运用Matlab/Simulink进行建模仿真。仿真结果表明,采用三相四桥臂逆变器改进型SVPWM控制技术在不改变直流电压利用率和输出电流谐波含量的情况下,能有效地抑制变流器共模干扰。     

基于神经网络的地铁牵引整流器控制算法研究

提出了一种利用神经网络对传统的PID控制器进行改造并应用于PWM单位功率因数整流器的控制方法,选择SVPWM控制方法对三相电压型PWM整流器进行控制,电压环采用基于神经网络自适应调整参数的复合型单神经元PI控制器。仿真结果表明,该PI控制器可以在线调整PI参数,快速跟踪整流器的变化,能有效地改善由于系统结构和参数变化而导致的控制效果不稳定的状况,适用于地铁需要频繁的起动、停车的条件。     

柴油机活塞组耦合模型有限元分析

建立了活塞、活塞环、活塞销和缸套的耦合模型，采用接触对、设定接触热阻的方法对耦合模型进行了二维和三维瞬态温度场的分析。对采用接触模型和粘贴方式模型的分析结果做了比较。对活塞组的机械负荷及热负荷做了耦合场静态分析。     

复合驱动仿生胸鳍机构设计与水动力研究

针对仿鱼型海洋探测机器人低速时的机动性问题,受鹞鲼鱼类依靠胸鳍摆动实现各种水下运动的启发,设计出一种基于共融理论的复合驱动刚-柔多体耦合仿生鱼胸鳍机构。通过构建基于三维非定常湍流控制方程组的柔性鳍摆动系统水动力学模型,研究仿生胸鳍柔性鳍面摆动时周围压力和速度场的变化情况,分析不同摆动幅度和频率下鳍面的水动力学特性,揭示仿生鹞鲼机器鱼的水下运动机理,对摆动胸鳍的水动力进行仿真。结论表明:鳍面摆动时周围的漩涡能够引起胸鳍面上推力、升力及侧向力按类似正弦变化,而推进力和侧向力的大小随摆动幅值和摆动频率增加而增大。     

Determination of limiting cavity depths for offshore spudcan foundations in a spatially varying seabed

The importance of accurate prediction of limiting cavity depths during offshore spudcan foundations installation has been variously highlighted in the literature. Nonetheless, most of the previous research is deterministic in nature and confined to homogenous soils. Since offshore clayey soils can be highly spatially variable, there is a practical need to take proper account of the spatial variability in the prediction of limiting cavity depths. In a bid to remedy this situation, large deformation finite element calculations combined with three-dimensional random fields were repeatedly conducted in this study within a Monte-Carlo framework. The continuous penetration of a spudcan initiated from surface was explicitly modeled until a full-localized flow-around mechanism was observed. Spatial variability was found to clearly affect the soil back-flow and thereby the limiting cavity depth, the latter of which takes a range of values that can be approximately modeled as a log-normal distribution. Characteristic limiting cavity depths at various probability levels were ascertained. An algebraic expression was proposed to explicitly predict the characteristic limiting cavity depths in random soils from the fractile. Particular attention was paid to the lower and upper 5% characteristic values, which are likely to be useful for reliability-based design.