京沪高速铁路阳澄湖段环保施工技术

通过过程管理、工期控制、材料消耗、施工污染等多个方面对阳澄湖段施工栈桥和围堰方案的比较分析,表明京沪高铁阳澄湖段采用优化围堰方案代替栈桥施工,在环境、经济及技术方面具有明显的优势。在施工过程中采取了一系列防治生态破坏和环境污染措施后,有效地保护了阳澄湖水质不受污染,湖区生态环境及养殖业不受影响,为铁路跨越湖泊施工的环保工作提供有益借鉴。     

洞庭湖大桥拉索风雨振控制新技术

随着大跨径斜拉桥的不断建设，斜拉索的减振特别是风雨振的控制已成为该类桥梁急需解决的关键问题之一。岳阳洞庭湖大桥建成通车后已发生多次强烈风雨振，在对应用磁流变智能阻尼减振技术控制风雨振研究的基础上，全面评估了该技术控制拉索振动的实际效果，证明该阻尼器是拉索风雨振控制的有效手段。岳阳洞庭湖大桥全桥安装磁流变阴尼器后，加速度响应降低为原加速度的1/20-1/30。     

Gas transfer velocities of CO2 and CH4 in a tropical reservoir and its river downstream

We have measured simultaneously the methane (CH₄) and carbon dioxide (CO₂) surface concentrations and water–air fluxes by floating chambers (FC) in the Petit-Saut Reservoir (French Guiana) and its tidal river (Sinnamary River) downstream of the dam, during the two field experiments in wet (May 2003) and dry season (December 2003). The eddy covariance (EC) technique was also used for CO₂ fluxes on the lake. The comparison of fluxes obtained by FC and EC showed little discrepancies mainly due to differences in measurements durations which resulted in different average wind speeds. When comparing the gas transfer velocity (k₆₀₀) for a given wind speed, both methods gave similar results. On the lake and excluding rainy events, we obtained an exponential relationship between k₆₀₀ and U₁₀, with a significant intercept at 1.7 cm h^− 1, probably due to thermal effects. Gas transfer velocity was also positively related to rainfall rates reaching 26.5 cm h⁻¹ for a rainfall rate of 36 mm h^− 1. During a 24-h experiment in dry season, rainfall accounted for as much as 25% of the k₆₀₀. In the river downstream of the dam, k₆₀₀ values were 3 to 4 times higher than on the lake, and followed a linear relationship with U₁₀.     

特立尼达湖沥青灰分的试验分析

对TLA灰分和两种对比矿粉的密度、颗粒组成、比表面积、扫描电镜以及X衍射等试验进行分析.分析结果表明,TLA灰分的密度和比表面积明显大于两种对比矿粉的密度和比表面积;TLA灰分的主要成分为硅酸盐火山灰细粉,其粒径最细、分布均匀,表面粗糙、形状不规则,而两种对比矿粉颗粒较粗,分布不均匀,表面光滑、棱角分明.因此,TLA灰分具有很强的吸附作用,对提高TLA改性沥青的性能起着重要的增劲作用.     

杭州市西湖隧道防水措施实例

如何减少和控制地下隧道的渗漏水,已成为一个值得研究、必须研究的课题。本文以西湖隧道为实 例,介绍一些隧道防水的有效措施。     

荆岳铁路洞庭湖大桥主桥抗风分析

采用空间有限元模型分析荆岳铁路洞庭湖大桥主桥在成桥运营状态和施工全过程中的动力特性,评估主桥抗风安全性能。分析表明,中塔外边的长索对约束中塔纵桥向位移有一定的作用,过渡墩、辅助墩对主梁的横向和竖向振动的制约作用比较明显。主梁为钢桁梁,扭转刚度大,各工况的主梁弯扭耦合颤振和分离流扭转颤振的临界风速均超过了各自的主梁颤振检验风速,满足抗风安全性要求。     

武汉东湖通道工程水下隧道消防设计

针对武汉东湖隧道工程特点,采用多种消防系统共同承担东湖隧道消防体系,其中隧道车行道的暗埋段和半敞口段采用消火栓系统及泡沫-水喷雾系统,主线隧道及匝道的敞开段采用消火栓系统,隧道设备间采用无管网超细干粉灭火,同时在隧道内配设灭火器。重点阐述消火栓系统及泡沫-水喷雾系统的组成及布置、设计参数选取、设备选型。为达到喷头均匀布水的要求,根据隧道车行道宽度不同,选择不同喷头按不同间距采用双侧或单侧布置,灭火时启动1台或2台消防泵。另外对隧道火灾报警系统的组成、火灾报警设施类型、系统功能等进行简要说明。     

Making public policy through citizen committees: Case histories from the Islands

Abstract

Citizen committees properly designed can strongly influence public policy. Examples are taken from the results of reports on marine affairs that citizen committees wrote in Hawaii, the U.S. Virgin Islands and Puerto Rico. Community acceptance and use of each report came about because (1) many members of the committees were in positions to act on the recommendations, (2) the recommendations were specific and called for actions other than studies, and (3) the governor of each area had asked that a report be drawn. To ensure attention to the reports, each governor had agreed that they would be uncensored, widely publicized, and released concurrently to the public and the government.     

扬州瘦西湖隧道全黏土地层泥水盾构施工开挖面稳定性研究

扬州瘦西湖隧道地处全黏土地层,在该类地层中使用泥水盾构施工的案例较少,全黏土地层在盾构施工下的土体力学性质与变形规律尚未得到充分研究。为了解决全黏土地层在盾构施工下开挖面稳定性与各项盾构参数之间的关系问题,采用室内试验与计算模拟相结合的方法对瘦西湖隧道泥水盾构施工停机状态下的开挖面稳定性进行研究分析。研究结果表明:1)盾构停机时,随着停机时间的增长,泥水不断浸入开挖面前方土体,开挖面附近土体应力表现出一定的拱效应,导致开挖面稳定性不断降低;2)在泥水浸润时间相同的条件下,随膨胀土膨胀力取值的增高,开挖面极限支护压力呈现增长趋势;3)根据开挖面失稳原因,提出了开挖面稳定性控制措施,并通过模型计算进行验证。     

鄱阳湖生态经济区区域物流竞争力研究

区域物流竞争力成为区域竞争力的核心组成部分之一,对于区域物流竞争力的客观评价研究已成为现实的必然要求。以鄱阳湖生态经济区的9个城市为研究对象,对区域物流竞争力的发展现状进行分析,通过指标变量的选取,构建鄱阳湖生态经济区区域物流竞争力的评价体系,采用SPSS统计软件中的聚类分析和因子分析法对各城市的物流竞争力进行了得分排名以及提出对策建议。