铁路参与铁水联运无水港建设的思考

在阐述铁水联运集疏运系统的构成和建立条件的基础上,分析了铁路参与无水港建设的可行性和模式。铁路应通过全面参与无水港建设,加快融入综合运输体系的步伐,可采取改造现有场站设备与设施和新建物流中心两种方式参与无水港建设,同时应注意以下4个问题:采取多种途径解决资金问题;重视信息管理系统建设;提供优质运输服务;注重开发主业副产品。     

半刚性基层材料路用性能的试验研究

通过室内试验,研究了3种半刚性基层材料(水泥碎石、水泥粉煤灰稳定碎石、二灰碎石)的强度特性、断裂韧度、干缩特性及疲劳性能,比较了它们的路用性能。试验结果表明:半刚性基层材料的断裂韧度与弯拉强度具有一定的相关性;二灰碎石与水泥类稳定碎石相比,强度和断裂韧度较低,干缩性能和疲劳性能较好;水泥类稳定碎石抗弯拉强度比二灰碎石高,可弥补其疲劳寿命衰减过快的不足;用粉煤灰代替部分水泥,有广泛的工程应用前景。     

考虑收缩因素的水泥稳定碎石级配组成设计研究

根据当前国内高等级公路水泥稳定碎石基层的使用情况,针对苏南地区高温多雨,水泥稳定碎石基层在湿度变化时易产生干缩裂缝这一缺陷,在集料、各种水泥基本性能试验结果的基础上,通过强度和干缩试验,对考虑干缩因素影响的水泥稳定碎石级配组成进行研究,提出了改善收缩性能、减少干缩量并能提供工程使用的水泥稳定碎石混合料的级配组成设计方案,对改善沥青路面使用性能,延长使用寿命具有重要意义。     

关于湿式文丘里和干式文丘里综合运行分析

主要阐述干式文丘里和湿式文丘里工作原理,工作流程,日常运行,分析了各自系统特点、干式和湿式文丘里的运行效率,以及处理经济性问题。     

The relations between dry port characteristics and regional port-hinterland settings: findings for a global sample of dry ports

This paper aims at defining generic characteristics of dry ports by carrying out an analysis using a large sample of dry ports from around the world. The dataset includes details on 107 inland terminals worldwide. All dry ports in the database have been selected from studies in the extant literature before being shortlisted to fit our research scope. Data collected include terminologies used, actors driving the development, terminal throughput, total area, services provided and the relation with the corresponding seaport(s). Using statistical analysis, the paper examines how dry port parameters are influenced by (1) a different terminal set up, like sea-driven and land-driven development, developed and developing system, dry port functions; (2) specifications of the seaport with which the dry port is connected, i.e. seaport traffic, connectivity, utilization, etc. and (3) the transport leg linking dry ports and seaports. The findings could be applied to the planning and development of inland nodes from the perspectives of different stakeholders.     

The impact of dry port operations on container seaports competitiveness

The concepts of intermodal logistics and distribution networks have made integration of the inland freight distribution system essential for an efficient container seaport system. Inland components, such as dry ports, which exist within the seaport system, have become important in shaping the performance and competitive strategies of container seaports. Owing to the importance of interdependence between dry ports and container seaports, this paper aims to investigate the impact of dry port operations on container seaport competitiveness. It conducted an empirical study in Malaysia through 120 online surveys to key stakeholders of dry ports, including freight forwarders, shippers, seaports, rail operator, shipping lines, and haulers. The data collected were analysed using exploratory factor analysis (EFA). The results from EFA show that Malaysian dry port operations have impacts on seaport competitiveness. These include enhancing seaport performance, increasing service variations for seaports, improving seaport-hinterland proximity, increasing seaport trade volume, and enhancing seaport capacity.     

Financial and environmental impacts of hypothetical Finnish dry port structure

One main theme of European Union’s in transport policy statements has been the increased role of railways in the reducing environmental impacts and costs of transport activity. One option to increase the modal share of rail transport is to utilize the dry port concept, particularly applicable to general cargo. At the Port of Gothenburg (Sweden) use of this concept in combination with rail transport has led to a reduction of CO₂ emissions, and lower transport energy costs. The main objective and motivation of this research work are to examine through analytical models, how this same dry port concept could be implemented in the Finnish transportation network, with estimates of the benefits being gained.The research method of this study is macro gravitational models of distribution. Main input data for the models are distances and population in the area. The approach aims to research, how relative transport costs behave by increasing the number of dry port distribution locations. For the actual computation work the authors apply linear integer programming. Based on the results, the authors argue that relative transport costs can decrease considerably by increasing the number of dry ports, up to the level of six locations. This is considerably less than what is the current situation in Sweden. The found solution also differs from Sweden as the fragmented Finnish seaport system enables using numerous seaports instead of one, which further decreases inland transportation distances and volumes considerably. At the same time forthcoming sulphur emission reduction regulation (for sea transports) might impact the transportation network structure by decreasing sea transport and the number of seaports used. This might lead to a further increase in land-based hinterland transport.     

汽车天窗玻璃密封条开启、关闭异响问题的研究

汽车天窗即作为通风、采光的汽车功能部件,同时也是直接能被客户感知的部件,汽车天窗的运行时平稳、安静能提高乘员的舒适性。本文从机理上对天窗打开、关闭过程中的密封条摩擦振动进行了分析,并提出了部分影响、控制因素。设计、开发及验证阶段注意这些因素,即可避免出现这样的问题,稳定天窗总成的质量。     

维持普通干货集装箱内货物品质重要措施的探讨

在普通干货集装箱的运输过程中,由于箱内湿度较大,往往会使货物受潮和变质,特别是涉及诸如电子器件和珍贵物品的运输索赔诉讼屡有发生。本文对导致"湿损"的机理进行了比较深入的分析,提出了可行的防范措施和具体的指导性建议,还介绍了当前国内外推荐的相关产品及其使用方法。     

The role of inland terminal development in the hinterland access strategies of Spanish ports

The aim of this paper is to understand how inland terminals are developed in relation both to ports and to other inland terminals within a national system.The paper builds on previous work developing inland terminal taxonomies and applies them to the Spanish case, with supplementary focus on the relations between the “dry port” and “extended gate” concepts. Theoretical contributions include both the importance of development direction (land-driven vs sea-driven) and the identification of an emerging spatial disparity in port development strategies between coastal and inland nodes.In Spain, ports retain an interest in inland terminals through minority shareholdings but they are not the primary investors. The principal ports using Spanish inland terminals are Barcelona and Valencia, both of which are also developing logistics zones within their ports. Furthermore, while the ports are developing closer IT links with these inland locations, this does not necessarily indicate greater than normal levels of cooperation. A study of the Spanish system thus raises questions about whether the increasing academic focus on “dry ports” actually signals any change in strategies of port development or intermodal terminal operation. Therefore the final aim of this paper is to question the use of the “dry port” terminology.