乘用车DCT车型的动力性提升分析与实施

为满足公司的发展战略要求,需要打造一款高性能、运动操控性车型,为提升该款乘用车DCT车型的动力性和操控型,分别从车辆的起步、加速过程的扭矩发挥和换挡结束的扭矩恢复、换挡过程的扭矩交替时间和转速同步时间、换挡线加速度和动力升挡换挡线及硬件五个方面进行优化。论文对该车型的起步加速过程以及换挡过程的扭矩控制进行详细分析,并将五个优化方向分解为13个子项,分别对各子项优化效果进行分析,通过INCA软件对车辆的控制系统进行优化,经过实际道路测试满足了目标开发要求。     

Widening the Panama Canal and U.S. ports: historical and economic impact analyses

ABSTRACT

The economic history of the U.S. illustrates how the role of many cities has been changed by being seaports or located on navigable rivers or lakes. Based on the widening of the Panama Canal in 2016, the West Coast ports that include the west coast seaports of California, Oregon, and Washington were expected to become less important, while the freight shares of the East Coast and Gulf ports would increase. By how much it has been not easy to measure or predict so far, but this study attempted to define some of the key parameters in the measurement. As well as several relevant background topics, both the demand- and supply-side versions of the National Interstate Economic Model, have been applied for the measurement of economic impacts. U.S. port authorities and policy makers at the local and national levels who respond and develop plans for coping with the new realities of the Panama Canal are able to understand the extent to which changes in shippers’ and land-mode transporters’ behaviors would undermine the logistics and the costs of their activities. Therefore, this study is important for a diverse spectrum of port development strategies in the U.S. to respond to the Canal expansion.     

船舶动力设备退化基线计算及预测方法

船舶动力设备在自身性能退化过程中的相当长一段时间内仍能完成规定功能,对具有重要特征参数或性能指标的船舶动力设备而言,若使用定基线进行健康状态评估会导致评估值连续较低甚至误报警问题。为了解决这一问题,以目标设备按性能退化时间序列采集的特征参数为研究对象,首先建立退化基线计算方法,利用滑动概率神经网络和性能可靠度与基线值间的转换函数获得目标设备的动态退化基线;然后建立ARMA预测模型获得预测参数,并与退化基线计算方法结合对退化基线发生动态变化的时间节点进行预测;最后利用海水泵对建立的方法可行性进行验证。结果表明,本文建立的退化基线计算方法能够获得动态基线,退化基线预测方法能够对动态基线的变化时间节点进行准确预测。     

基于聚类站点客流公共特征的轨道交通车站精细分类

已有城市轨道交通车站分类多基于定性分析，不能满足精细化设计和运营的需要。本文提出一种基于聚类站点公共特征的站点精细分类方法。首先，将来源于AFC(Automatic Fare Collection)的进站客流量数据处理为时间序列数据，并基于K-Means++算法对各个站点的客流量进行聚类；其次，建立客流量聚类结果与土地利用特征多维参数的拟合方程，计算获得居住密集型、工作就业型以及区域中心型等5种大类站点的客流量公共特征。在此基础上，充分考虑属于同一大类站点不同站点的细分特性，使用5类客流量公共特征比重组合精细描述具体站点类型。 实例结果表明，使用本文提出的精细分类方法计算得到的每个站的客流量拟合值与真实客流值间的平均绝对百分比误差控制在14%以内，说明该分类方法具有可行性。     

PHEV能量管理策略研究

针对一款串联型插电式混合动力公交车,文章基于MTLALB建立整车和各部件数值模型。在中国典型城市公交工况下,建立基于全局优化的DP策略,并与CD-CS策略和PMP策略进行能耗对比分析。结果表明:(1)基于CD-CS策略的后期SOC在一定范围内波动,DP策略与PMP策略的SOC轨迹近似呈线性变化。(2)CD-CS策略较DP策略的能耗成本高22.68%,PMP策略比DP策略的能耗成本高0.30%。DP策略与PMP策略可以合理分配能量源,实现全局最优,但DP策略相比PMP策略计算量大。     

A signal decomposition method based on repeated extraction of maximum energy component for offshore structures

Contrary to most signal decomposition methods that usually decompose an original signal into a series of components simultaneously, a novel approach based on repeated extraction of Maximum Energy Component (MEC) is proposed. The approach starts from determination of the MEC referring to the estimated Power Spectral Density (PSD) function, and then represents the MEC by employing an exponential function to fit the original signal. By defining a stopping criterion based on two adjacent estimated PSDs, each MEC can be accurately extracted with an improved performance throughout the entire signal decomposition. To verify the proposed method, a single degree-of-freedom system subject to harmonic loads has been examined. Numerical results show that the analytical response can not only be decomposed into four MECs corresponding to the excitation and the system, respectively, but also provide an accurate estimation of natural frequency and damping ratio of the system. Meanwhile, by observing results from the Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition (EEMD), Variational Mode Decomposition (VMD) and Prony based on state-space model (Prony-SS), an improved decomposition accuracy has been achieved from the proposed approach. Furthermore, experimental data from the Norwegian Deepwater Programme and two sets of field-test data from one fixed offshore platform and an offshore wind turbine have been used to demonstrate the correctness of the developed signal decomposition method. It is noted that divergence in results by Prony-SS can be observed when a very large model order is used, while the proposed method provides the better decomposition and reconstruction of signals.     

盾构隧道壁后注浆中“定时浆”试验研究

我国盾构隧道广泛使用凝结时间较长的单液浆，但由于注入后不能及时凝结常常引发管片上浮、浆液流失等工程问题。针对这些问题提出“定时浆”的概念。通过在单液硬性浆中添加氯化铝溶液与水玻璃，基于浆液的胶结时间、流动度、28 d强度等指标研究了“定时浆”的配方。结果表明： 1）通过先加入氯化铝溶液再加入水玻璃的方法，可以实现浆液“定时”凝结； 2）在硬性浆中掺加0.50%~0.75%的氯化铝溶液、1.00%~1.25%的水玻璃，可以达到良好的定时效果； 3）通过简单的注浆设备改造可以形成“双液单注”的定时注浆工艺。     

宽带干扰下GPS接收机捕获性能的分析

在GPS接收机捕获原理的基础上，分析了GPS接收机的平均捕获时间和捕获时间方差，推导出宽带干扰与噪声的功率谱密度，从而得到检测概率和虚警概率的表达式，最后给出不同中频信噪比以及不同积分时间下的平均捕获时间和平均捕获时间方差与干扰噪声功率比的关系曲线。仿真结果表明宽带干扰功率达到一定值时，对GPS接收机具有较好的干扰效果。     

舰载特种起重机的时间-能量综合最优控制

舰载特种起重机是我国正在研制开发的多关节、可折叠式船用起重机。研究它的高效节能运行模式，也就是时间－能量综合最优控制意义重大，本文通过引入加权变量得到舰载特种起重机的时间－能量综合最优性能指标，证明了综合最优解的结构，并进一步提出了“预测平均动态理论”概念，应用此理论处理了舰载特种起重机的非线性和耦合，最终设计了反馈形式的时间－能量综合最优控制器。仿真的结果验证了此设计方法的正确有效性。     

深水导管架滑移下水轨迹的计算与分析

导管架由驳船上滑移下水，首先在倾斜的驳船上由外力（液压缸或绞车）推动克服滑靴与滑道间的静摩擦力，其后在倾斜的滑道上靠自身重力的作用滑移，最后通过下水驳船的摇臂滑入水中。在此过程中，应考虑到导管架的运动轨迹是否安全稳定（如导管架和泥面的安全间隙）、导管架是否以安全的方式脱离摇臂、导管架最终的漂浮位置是否稳定以及驳船的倾角等方面。采用时域分析法对导管架重心的轨迹进行计算和分析。