Effects of shadow evacuation on megaregion evacuations

Transportation systems serve important roles during emergencies, in particular for evacuations. However, efficient travel during these life-and-death scenarios can be adversely impacted by external conditions, such as unnecessary and unneeded travel. This research sought to enhance the understanding of the effects of these conditions by analyzing shadow evacuations, and their impact on regional traffic operations in megaregions, more broadly. The research was based on simulations of a range of hurricane evacuation threat scenarios in the Gulf of Mexico building upon prior study using TRANSIMS. These assessments are also targeted at what many assume could be worst case evacuation conditions and pushing the limits of current simulation modeling capability. Among the broader findings of this work was that shadow evacuation participation rates did not significantly impact the evacuation clearance times within mandatory evacuation areas of the megaregion as long as demand could be temporarily spread out. This finding does not, however, suggest that the shadow evacuations have no impact on evacuation processes. High rates of shadow evacuees can cause significant congestion if they are not able to exit critical routes before mandatory evacuees reach areas further away from the coast.     

株洲船闸大体积砼裂缝控制方法的研究与实践

根据株洲船闸工程施工复杂的地质和天气条件,提出降低水化热、入仓温度控制及合理分缝分层浇筑等防裂措施。并采用有限元方法模拟船闸闸首底板的瞬态温度场,分析这些措施的温控效果,得出一些有益的结论,取得了良好的效果。     

三峡船闸(139m水位)一闸室船舶待闸研究

通过优化三峡船闸输水阀门运行参数,满足了船舶在一闸室待闸的停泊条件;组织代表船型进行实船试验,形成了连续调度快速安全的调度工艺,取得了在139m水位条件下,三峡船闸下行通航效率提高15%的效果。     

船闸水力学研究的回顾与展望

将天津水运工程科学研究所建所30年来,在通航船闸水力学方面的试验研究成果,包括船闸输水系统布置、船闸防咸、船闸中间渠道和船闸基础理论作一总结性的回顾。同时,对船闸的研究水平、发展趋势和前景作一展望。     

桥上CRTSⅡ型板式无砟轨道台后锚固体系端刺结构受力变形特性

通过在高速铁路正线上开展长期温度荷载下的原位监测和列车制动荷载下的实车试验,以及运用ABAQUS有限元软件的数值计算,进行高速铁路桥上CRTSⅡ型板式无砟轨道倒T型和Π型台后锚固体系的端刺结构在温度力和制动力作用下的受力变形特性研究。结果表明:在降温和升温过程中,端刺结构周围土体压应力较大值主要出现在主端刺摩擦板的下部和桥台方向首个小端刺的位置,端刺结构变形主要以顶部弯拉为主,整体纵向变形较小;在紧急制动荷载的作用下,钢轨纵向应力、端刺纵向位移均随着轴重的增加而明显增大,但端刺纵向位移绝对值较小,与温度荷载作用相比,紧急制动荷载作用对端刺结构的影响小。     

低压进线开关运动复位问题的思考

以北京地铁13号线工程为例,阐述低压进线开关远动复位的目的和具体实现方法。     

浅谈高速铁路长大隧道应急通信

介绍了高速铁路长大隧道中的应急通信实现方案;提出了高速铁路中其他几种常用应急组网方式;对应急通信系统中的现场、基站/车站、指挥中心等相关设备进行了简单介绍。     

喷锚支护的时间效应与空间效应

喷锚支护是新奥法构筑隧道的主要支护手段，为使喷锚支护与围岩形成共同承载结构，必须在适宜的时机及根据适当的围岩变位量来确定恰当的喷锚支护结构。     

汽车ABS滑模变结构控制的分析与仿真

汽车防抱制动系统(ABS)是改善汽车主动安全性的重要装置.本文介绍了滑模变结构控制方法,针对汽车ABS的特点利用此方法设计了控制器,并在MATLAB/Simulink的环境下进行了仿真,给出了仿真结果和评价.     

Locating emergency vehicles with an approximate queuing model and a meta-heuristic solution approach

In this paper, the location of emergency service (ES) vehicles is studied on fully connected networks. Queuing theory is utilized to obtain the performance metrics of the system. An approximate queuing model the (AQM) is proposed. For the AQM, different service rate formulations are constructed. These formulations are tested with a simulation study for different approximation levels. A mathematical model is proposed to minimize the mean response time of ES systems based on AQM. In the model, multiple vehicles are allowed at a single location. The objective function of the model has no closed form expression. A genetic algorithm is constructed to solve the model. With the help of the genetic algorithm, the effect of assigning multiple vehicles on the mean response time is reported.