沉船打捞是海事执法中的热点与难点

结合工作实际详细解读沉船打捞工作中的疑难问题,并提出合理建议。     

海洋石油平台余热利用研究

东海某DPP平台投产近十五年后,出现设备老化、工艺系统处理量发生变化等情况,从而透平电站、热油锅炉和工艺处理系统出现余热,如何减少能源浪费,及时有效回收利用,需要及时解决问题。通过对基础资料分析研究、平台生产实地调研,提出余热利用方案,并进行成本投资/回报比较,最终验证了方案的正确性。     

A stochastic optimization approach for the selection of reflective cracking mitigation techniques

PurposeIn Hot Mix Asphalt (HMA) overlays, the existing cracks in the underlying pavements can propagate upward to the new added overlay and may cause Reflective Cracks (RC). These cracks allow water infiltration to the underlying layers and causes further moisture damage as well as weakening the unbound layers. Over the years, several methods have been developed for mitigating the RCs. This study aims to investigate the current reflective cracking mitigation methods and develop a methodology for the selection of appropriate mitigation technique. The developed model is then applied to a case study in the state of Florida.MethodTo accomplish this goal, a nationwide literature review was conducted to better understand the current in practice methods in the United States. Moreover, a life cycle cost analysis (LCCA) in five different road types was performed to find the annuity of roadway rehabilitation for each of the mitigation methods. The uncertainty in the LCCA results is represented using Exploratory Modeling and Analysis (EMA) method. Then through a Multi Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) model, a stochastic optimization model was developed to find the appropriate reflective cracking mitigation solution under Florida’s climate and road conditions, based on different cost and performance weights.ResultsBased on the available data for the state of Florida, the LCCA results indicate that the annuity of maintaining the roadway with Fabrics and ISAC are lower compared to other methods. However, the results of stochastic optimization model reveal that while looking at the performance and cost at the same time, different methods would be more feasible. For instance, while the cost of the used method does not matter at all and only performance matters, STRATA® is more probable to be the appropriate mitigation technique. The findings of this research are critical for decision makers to better understand the most cost-effective mitigation technique in different conditions.     

基于成组技术的汽车冲压件工艺设计系统

介绍了基于成组技术的汽车冲压件工艺设计系统的组成和设计方法。应用数据库原理,建立了工艺数据库及其管理系统。应用成组技术对零件进行分类,建立了零件特征信息编码,开发了汽车冲压件工艺设计系统。     

10CrNi3MoV船用钢热冲压成形表层渐变微观结构与抗冲击性能

采用电子显微镜（SEM）、力学性能测试等手段,分析了10CrNi3MoV船用钢热冲压成形前后微观结构变化,及热冲压成形后材料表层渐变微观结构和里层马氏体结构产生原因与变化规律。研究表明,在热冲压成形过程中,10CrNi3MoV船用钢受急剧的冷热交互作用及高温氧化脱碳等的影响,其表层由里到表依次形成以完全马氏体、马氏体与铁素体的混合组织、铁素体组成的渐变微观结构,里层则形成以均匀的板条状的马氏体组织为主的微观结构。10CrNi3MoV船用钢热冲压成形后其表层渐变微观结构,能有效的降低结构的峰值冲击力,保证了内层强度大的马氏体材料不至于过早失效,而材料较平缓的结构峰值力及逐层失效的特点性,使热冲压成形后的成形件保持较高的吸能能力和抗冲击性能。     

基于JTP规范的大型油船疲劳强度研究

文章利用MSC.Patran软件建立船体有限元模型,结合JTP规范中疲劳强度的校核方法,应用热点应力法,针对热点部位进行有限元分析,并计算其疲劳累积损伤。计算结果显示,疲劳寿命满足设计要求。     

10CrNi3MoV船用钢热冲压成形冷却速度研究

()冲压成形形状精度的主要因素,通过10CrNi3MoV船用钢()考察了10CrNi3MoV船用钢热冲压成形的传热特征,推导出的热()本方程,提出热冲压成形模具冷却系统设计相关技术问题.研究表明,当()临界冷却速度,才能使奥氏体直接转变为均匀马氏体;在模具结构、冷却系统、()确定的情况下,冷却速度只与板材自身条件有关,可以通过控制最佳水流速度实现()速度的控制,达到减少和消除热冲压成形中变形和回弹等缺陷,提高热冲压成形质量.     

沥青路面厂拌热再生设备分析

随着世界经济的不断发展,能源和环境问题日益突出,加强再生能源的利用是应对日益严重的能源空泛和环境恶化的必由之路,妥善处理能源和环境的关系,符合国家可持续发展的战略,废旧沥青混合料的再生利用有着重要的经济价值,能够保护自然环境和生态平衡,能够节省能源,降低工程造价,为路面材料开辟了新的料源。本文通过连续式沥青混凝土拌和设备和间歇式沥青混凝土拌和设备的在厂拌热再生技术中的应用,对比分析了其优缺点,对厂拌热再生技术及拌和设备的推广应用具有一定的参考价值。     

H型钢接触网支柱在风荷载作用下的疲劳性能分析

H型钢接触网支柱在高速铁路中得到广泛使用,直接影响铁路接触网系统安全。长期处于风荷载作用下,H型钢接触网支柱存在疲劳问题。通过建立数值计算模型,应用热点应力的表面外推法,对H型钢接触网支柱柱脚焊缝在风荷载作用下的疲劳性能进行分析。以兰新高铁H型钢接触网支柱为例,依据热点应力-寿命曲线,计算支柱焊缝的疲劳寿命。分析结果表明:其他条件不变的情况下,改变型钢规格和柱高,热点位置不发生变化;随着支柱高度增加,疲劳寿命降低21%左右;随着型钢截面的增大,疲劳寿命增加23%左右。     

Fatigue design for plug/ring type gas welded joints of sts301l including welding residual stresses

This paper presents a fatigue design method for plug and ring type gas welded joints, which incorporates welding residual stress effects. A non-linear finite element analysis (FEA) was first performed to simulate the gas welding process. The numerically predicted residual stresses of the gas welds were then compared to experimental results measured using a hole drilling method. In order to evaluate the fatigue strength of the plug and ring type gas welded joints, a stress amplitude (σ _a ) _R taling the welding residual stress of the gas weld into account was introduced and is based on a modified Goodman equation incorporating the effect of the residual stress. Using the stress amplitude (σ _a ) _R , the ΔP-N _f relations obtained from fatigue tests for plug and ring type gas welded joints having various dimensions and shapes were systematically rearranged into (σ _a ) _R -N _f relations. It was found that the proposed stress amplitude (σ _a ) _R could provide a systematic and reasonable fatigue design criterion for the plug and ring type gas welded joints.