内河船舶和国内海船CO2系统的异同分析

针对船舶现场检验中发现的固定式灭火系统的CO₂系统以及瓶头阀及其相关组件的各种缺陷,主要阐述内河船舶CO₂系统和国内海船CO₂系统的异同、瓶头阀的结构、释放总管的安装要求、泄放总管的安装要求、控制管路的安装要求,这也是验船师现场检验的难点,以期相关人员在遇到问题时了解如何处理。     

Time-series analysis of remote-sensed chlorophyll and environmental factors in the Santa Monica–San Pedro Basin off Southern California

The time-series of remote-sensed surface chlorophyll concentration measured by SeaWiFS radiometer from September 1997 to December 2001 and the relevant hydrological and meteorological factors (remote-sensed sea surface temperature, atmospheric precipitation, air temperature and wind stress) in Santa Monica Bay and adjacent waters off southern California were analyzed using wavelet and cross-correlation statistical methods. All parameters exhibited evident seasonal patterns of variation. Wavelet analysis revealed salient long-term variations most evident in air temperature during El Niño 1997–1998 and in wind stress during La Niña 1998–1999. Short-period (<100 days) variations of remote-sensed chlorophyll biomass were mostly typical to spring seasons. Chlorophyll biomass was significantly correlated with air temperature and wind stress: an increase of chlorophyll biomass followed with 5–6-day time lag an increase of wind stress accompanied by a simultaneous decrease of air temperature. The mechanism of these variations was an intensification of phytoplankton growth resulting from the mixing of water column by wind stress and entrainment of nutrients into the euphotic layer.     

基于实时视景仿真技术的海上航标监管系统

海上航标系统是海上交通安全保障体系的重要组成部分。结合上海海事局厦门航标处的航标日常管理与实时监控的实际业务需求,开展了利用实时视景仿真技术与电子海图相结合构建海上航标监管系统的应用研究和系统实现等工作。该系统的实现,有利于航标设置方案的审定与选择,有利于监控者对现场环境的把握和应急决策。     

Distribution of suspended sediment in the coastal sea off the Ganges–Brahmaputra River mouth: observation from TM data

Remote sensing technique was applied to estimate suspended sediment concentration (SSC) and to understand transportation, distribution and deposition of suspended sediment in the estuary and throughout the coastal sea, off the Ganges–Brahmaputra River mouth. During low river discharge period, zone of turbidity maximum is inferred in the estuary near the shore. SSC map shows that maximum SSC reaches 1050 mg/l in this period. Magnitude of SSC is mainly owing to resuspension of the bottom surface sediments induced by tidal currents flowing over shallow water depths. The influence of depth on resuspension is farther revealed from the distribution and magnitude of SSC along the head of Swatch of No Ground (SNG) submarine canyon. During high river discharge period, huge river outflow pushed the salt wedge and flashes away the suspended sediments in the coastal sea off the river mouth. Zone of turbidity maximum is inferred in the coastal water approximately within 5–10 m depth of water, where the maximum SSC reaches 1700 mg/l. In this period, huge fluvial input of the suspended sediments including the resuspended bottom sediments and the particles remaining in suspension for longer period of time since their initial entry control mainly the magnitude of SSC. In the estuary near the shore, seasonal variation in the magnitude of SSC is not evident. In the coastal sea (>5 m water depth), seasonal influence in the magnitude of SSC could be concluded from the discrepancy between SSC values of two different seasons. Transportation and deposition of suspended sediments also experiences seasonal variations. At present, suspended sediments are being accumulated on the shallow shelf (between 5 and 10 m water depth) in low discharge period and on the mid-shelf (between 10 and 75 m water depth) during high discharge period. An empirical (exponential) relationship was found between gradual settle down of suspended sediments in the coastal sea and its lateral distance from the turbidity maximum.     

一种新型的主机调速系统

针对全回转舵桨汽车渡船，提出了一种新型的主机气控调速系统，并对其工作原理、调速方法及调压阀设计作了简要分析。     

从电动三位四通阀的研发谈提高船用设备国产化率

电动三位四通阀是货船在装卸货物和作业时调整船舶横倾的专用设备,过去都是从国外订购。为使该设备能立足国内,我国从1992年开始研发,1993年制成样机,1994年成功应用于一些实船上,取代进口设备。文章总结了研制经验,望能对国内同仁们有一定启示和参考作用,以共同加速船舶设备配套国产化率。     

120阀铝合金阀盖运用故障分析

120阀铝合金阀盖在运用中出现故障,通过对120阀铝合金阀盖材质与结构的分析,并与国外铝合金阀盖的对比,从材质和结构上对120阀铝合金阀盖提出解决问题的措施。     

USV复杂水域环境综合感知技术

从无人水面艇（Unmanned Surface Vessel,USV）所处的工作环境,分析单目摄像头、双目摄像头、海事雷达、激光雷达等传感器的组成原理、优缺点、性能测试。介绍多传感器数据在USV上的融合原理、融合流程及其应用情况。经过实船海上试验,多传感器数据融合指标良好,较好地解决USV在复杂水域安全航行的感知技术问题。所描述的感知技术,对设计和研发搭载不同任务的USV,识别不同工作场景环境,具有积极的参考价值。     

KZ1型控制阀仿真模型及列车制动性能仿真研究

根据空气流动理论和KZ1型控制阀(KZ1阀)的工作原理,建立使用KZ1阀的列车空气制动系统仿真模型,并开发相应的列车空气制动仿真系统,对KZ1阀置于快速及普通位时单车的制动、缓解和紧急制动进行仿真。与试验结果对比表明,仿真模型能够较好地模拟单车制动性能。对KZ1阀应用于时速160 km快速货车的列车制动特性进行仿真分析可知,KZ1阀在快速位时的列车制动性能与104型控制阀接近,在普通位时与120型控制阀接近;KZ1阀在制动、紧急制动时性能较好,但是在缓解时波速过低,初步分析是由于副风缸容积过大所致。因此,使用KZ1阀的车辆与使用其他型号控制阀的车辆混编时,可能会发生缓解传播不连续的问题。