基于NVO策略的CAI工质分层特性的模拟研究

应用通用流体计算软件STAR-CD建立了可控自燃(CAI)发动机模型,重点分析了负气门重叠(NVO)策略10°CA BTDC时工质的分层特性。研究了不同配气定时以及不同气门升程工质分层程度的变化规律以及影响因素,对自燃着火区域进行了统计分析。计算结果表明:随着进气门开启(IVO)时刻的逐渐推迟,工质分层程度增强,自燃着火区域体积变大;随着气门升程的逐渐变大,工质分层程度增强,自燃着火区域体积变大;工质分层程度主要受进气门关闭(IVC)时刻总湍流动能值的影响。总湍流动能值越大,混合越剧烈,压缩末期工质均匀性增强,分层程度减弱;压缩末期自燃着火区域体积的变化趋势与工质分层程度的变化趋势相同。     

Effect of intake valve swirl on fuel-gas mixing and subsequent combustion in a CAI engine

A fully three-dimensional model was used to investigate the optimal value for intake valve lift in a CAI engine. Uniform mixing in the engine is a key parameter that affects the auto-ignition reliability and thermal efficiency. The method of intake of the air supply often determines the uniformity (or quality) of the fuel-air mixture. In this paper, four strategies were applied for controlling the swirl intensity of intake air. The variation of the intake valve lift induces different swirling and tumbling intensities. Both experimental data and 1D WAVE software (Ricardo, Co.) were coupled with the 3D model to provide pressure and temperature boundary conditions. The initial condition of the EGR mass fraction was also provided by the 1D model. The benchmark scenario (Case 1) was considered as a valve lift with 2 mm for all intake valves. We found that an intake valve lift of 6 mm with the other intake valve closed (i.e., Case 5) yielded the largest swirling (helical motion in the axial direction) and tumbling, which in turn rendered optimal fuel-gas mixing. We also found that fuel distribution affected the auto-ignition sites (or spot). The better the mixing, the greater the gas temperature and combustion efficiency achieved, as seen in Case 5. The NOx level, however, was increased due to the gas temperature. The optimal operating condition is selected from the viewpoints of environmental protection and combustion efficiency.