Identification of the technical state of suspension elements in railway systems

The running safety and passenger comfort levels in a vehicle are tightly related to the technical state of the suspension elements. The technical state of the suspension depends of the service life time as its components become old and wear out. In this paper, a study on the dynamic behaviour of a railway vehicle is established in relation to the damping elements in one of its suspension stages. An experimental measurement model is developed, obtaining a set of useful signals for the identification of the dynamic parameters of the vehicle and developing a test through the application of the operational modal analysis technique, using least-squares complex exponential method as a basis to validate the numerical model of the multi-body system. Then, the study focuses on developing numerical simulations for the identification of the technical state of the dampers by the registration of dynamic variables under commercial service conditions and on estimating the state of the suspension elements.     

船舶尾部模态数值计算与测试

为了提高船舶尾部模态计算的精度,文章提出了一种尾部详细结构与船体骨架结合的简化有限元模型,应用该模型对某全回转推进船舶尾部模态进行了计算,并将其结果与另外两种传统简化模型（即尾部三维模型与尾部+一维梁混合模型）的计算结果进行了比较。研究发现改进模型与传统模型在尾部局部模态计算中没有明显差别,但对整体模态而言其差异随频率增大而增大。为了进一步验证模型的有效性,在航行过程中对该船舶振动情况进行了测试,并利用运行模态分析法识别尾部整体模态。通过识别结果与计算结果的比较可见,三种模型在基频（1阶弯曲）计算时误差均很小,但是在高阶固有频率计算中改进的模型误差明显小于另两种模型。