Patterns in diversity and community structure of epipelagic copepods from the Brazil–Malvinas Confluence area, south-western Atlantic

Diversity and structure of epipelagic copepod communities were investigated using 70 zooplankton samples collected from the top 50 m of the Brazil–Malvinas Confluence area between 35° and 55°S. Biogeographic patterns were investigated using multivariate analysis. Biodiversity patterns were examined using different univariate indexes. Representatives of 35 species of copepods from 23 genera and 13 families were found. Two zones were delimited based on their copepod composition, one in the subtropical waters of the Brazil current, and the other in the subantarctic waters of the Malvinas current. Both environments displayed contrasting patterns of biodiversity depending upon which element is measured (regional species richness as well as mean point species richness were significantly higher in the subtropical group of stations, whereas taxonomic distinctness was significantly higher in the subantarctic community). Based on these contrasting results, we suggest the use of both kind of indexes when defining priority areas for conservation.     

船舶柴油机颗粒物排放控制技术研究进展

颗粒物是船舶柴油机排气中的主要污染物,严重危害人体健康和大气环境,如何降低船机颗粒物排放已成为环境保护及柴油机领域的一个重点研究方向。本文对船机排放颗粒物的组分及来源进行分析,梳理论述目前主流的颗粒物排放控制技术及DPF再生技术。认为后处理技术是今后颗粒物排放控制技术研究的重点,其中,最有效、应用最广泛的是DPF技术,复合再生技术是DPF再生过程的发展方向,提出了船机颗粒物排放控制未来需重点研究的关键技术及长远发展目标。     

亚临界淬火对LZ50钢车轴性能的影响

对LZ50钢车轴亚临界淬火前后的力学性能、晶粒度以及车轴表面残余应力的变化进行了试验,分析了亚临界淬火对LZ50钢车轴拉伸性能和表面质量的影响。试验表明,亚临界淬火对车轴拉伸性能无明显影响,然而车轴表面的残余应力变化很大,可由拉应力改变为压应力,而且通过优化加工工艺,表面压应力的增幅会更大,说明亚临界淬火能有效提高车轴的疲劳寿命。     

基于MTG的永磁电机启动性能研究

高速永磁电机是MTG发电的关键技术之一，通常采用变频调速的启动方法。高速和高频的特性，决定了高速电机的设计与普通电机有较大的不同。通过建立数学模型，采用仿真的方法可以较准确获得永磁电机的启动性能。     

Efficiency evaluation and PM emission reallocation of China ports based on improved DEA models

The emission of particulate matter (PM) and other atmospheric pollutants in port operations and shipping have caused a huge negative impact on the environment. Consequently, how to evaluate the environmental efficiency of ports and put forward corresponding countermeasures on this basis is becoming a more important issue than ever before from the perspectives of the government, academia, and society. We construct three data envelopment analysis (DEA) models to evaluate the environmental efficiency of ports under the circumstances of environmental control, non-environmental control and PM emission through inter-ports cooperation. The innovation of the DEA models constructed in this paper lies in: (1) Setting environmental control parameters to uniformly manipulate the situations of environmental control and non-environmental control, etc.; (2) Allowing non-equal proportional change of input index, expected output and non-expected output index; (3) Setting preference coefficients for ports to admit favorable decisions; (4) Providing a distance formula of expected output for PM emission reallocation. Further, data from 11 major ports in China are collected to compare the expected output under different PM emission standards assuming the situation of environmental control and non-environmental control, port cooperation, and non-cooperative sewage discharge. The empirical results show that: (1) Ports in the eastern China (Shanghai, Ningbo, and Nanjing) have higher port efficiency; (2) Port cooperation can improve the overall expected output but it will lose its edge with the improvement of PM emission standards. (3) Ports follow the same trend of output loss regardless of favorable decisions. In the end, the author makes a summary, puts forward relevant policy suggestions and makes the recommendation for future research.     

关于C50结构砼的适用配比研究

对C50混凝土配合比设计中的设计方法、注意事项及施工中的控制重点提出一些看法.     

日本汽车排放法规对PM排放的技术要求研究

本文介绍了日本轻型和中型机动车PM排放要求的发展历程,重点分析了日本现行汽车排放法规对PM排放测量的技术要求,并对日本汽车PM排放要求的发展趋势进行了总结。通过对日本汽车排放法规PM排放要求的研究,对我国进一步完善相关排放法规内容及进行汽车出口认证具有积极的参考意义。     

电磁离合器在煤机系统改造中的应用

利用电磁离合器、PM300和PLC对原有煤机系统进行改造，实现了输煤系统的自动控制，取得了显著的节能效果。     

D5A型50 t凹底平车

简要介绍了D5A型凹底平车的结构特点，主要技术参数和试验运用情况。     

应用PDM技术实施舰船辅机承制项目管理

分析了舰船辅机承制的特点,描述了在承制项目管理中运用PDM技术的基本方法,提出了项目管理物料清单(PMBOM)概念,并从管理和技术角度论述了必要性和可行性.