大型双壁钢围堰气囊法下水施工技术及经济分析

大型双壁钢围堰体积和质量大,其下水作业难度较大。气囊法下水施工技术能很好地解决这一难题,具有简便易行、经济实用的特点。此文以南京大胜关长江大桥主墩基础工程为例,介绍深水基础大型双壁钢围堰气囊下水施工技术的特点及其相应的控制技术和手段,对施工的具体工艺流程和操作步骤进行详细的阐述,对工程的施工组织设计和经济性进行深入分析和探讨。     

上海市公交柴油车碳烟排放的评估与分析

介绍了上海市道路交通以及公交汽车拥有量的发展；按照发动机购置年份、机型以及车队等统计上海市公交柴油车碳烟排放状况；追踪某一车队同一机型连续几年来的百公里油耗以及碳烟排放水平，分析了影响公交柴油车碳烟排放的各种因素；最后从管理方面提出加强I／M制度以降低公交柴油车碳烟排放。     

Extreme hawser tension assessment for FPSO vessel during offloading operation in Bohai bay

The Floating Production Storage and Offloading Unit (FPSO) is an offshore vessel that produces and stores crude oil prior to tanker transport.Robust prediction of extreme hawser tensions during Floating Production Storage and Offloading (FPSO) operation is an important safety concern. Excessive hawser tension may occur during offloading operations, posing an operational risk. In this paper, AQWA has been used to analyze vessel response due to hydrodynamic wave loads, acting on a specific FPSO vessel under actual sea conditions. Experimental validation of numerical results has been discussed as well.This paper advocates methodology for estimating extreme response statistics, based on simulations (or measurements). The modified ACER (averaged conditional exceedance rate) method is presented in brief detail. Proposed methodology provides an accurate extreme value prediction, utilizing all available data efficiently. In this study the estimated return level values, obtained by ACER method, are compared to the corresponding return level values obtained by Gumbel method. Based on the overall performance of the proposed method, it is concluded that the improved ACER method can provide more robust and accurate prediction of the extreme hawser tension.Data declustering issue has been addressed. Paper highlights ability of ACER method to account for a set of varying sea state probabilities, as required in engineering long term statistical analysis.Described approach may be well used at the vessel design stage, while defining optimal vessel parameters that would minimize potential FPSO hawser tension.     

Determination of limiting cavity depths for offshore spudcan foundations in a spatially varying seabed

The importance of accurate prediction of limiting cavity depths during offshore spudcan foundations installation has been variously highlighted in the literature. Nonetheless, most of the previous research is deterministic in nature and confined to homogenous soils. Since offshore clayey soils can be highly spatially variable, there is a practical need to take proper account of the spatial variability in the prediction of limiting cavity depths. In a bid to remedy this situation, large deformation finite element calculations combined with three-dimensional random fields were repeatedly conducted in this study within a Monte-Carlo framework. The continuous penetration of a spudcan initiated from surface was explicitly modeled until a full-localized flow-around mechanism was observed. Spatial variability was found to clearly affect the soil back-flow and thereby the limiting cavity depth, the latter of which takes a range of values that can be approximately modeled as a log-normal distribution. Characteristic limiting cavity depths at various probability levels were ascertained. An algebraic expression was proposed to explicitly predict the characteristic limiting cavity depths in random soils from the fractile. Particular attention was paid to the lower and upper 5% characteristic values, which are likely to be useful for reliability-based design.     

曲线连续刚构桥力学分析

随着我国交通事业的快速发展,曲线梁桥被广泛应用。文中对珠三角某立交匝道桥进行仿真模拟,对内外腹板应力和主应力及内外侧支座反力进行了比较。     

多年冻土地区无基波纹管涵洞冻胀分析

为分析波纹管涵洞冻胀下的受力机理,利用大型有限元软件对多年冻土地区采用的金属波纹管涵洞进行力学性能分析,具体分析了在底面两端产生不同的冻胀量时,换填厚度、壁厚、上部填土厚度对涵管受力性能的影响,提出了针对常用直径为1m的波纹管涵洞适用的结构形式;同时得出了金属波纹管本身具有较大的横向补偿位移的能力,可适应较大的变形和沉降要求.     

用SPC统计技术控制机车弯管质量

介绍了一种预防机车管道弯制质量问题的方法。用SPC统计技术中的Xbar—R图对管道弯制角度进行现场控制,可以及时发现异常,在质量问题发生之前采取措施,减少质量事故。     

具有接触特性的推力轴承壳体的有限元分析

利用非线性有限元软件Marc对大型推力轴承的壳体进行了接触有限元分析,给出了壳体在最大负载下的变形数据,并与实测值进行了比较.根据计算分析结果,进一步对推力轴承壳体提出了改进方案.文中还就接触界面的网格协调性对接触分析结果的影响进行了探讨.     

公路交通安全评价系统1．0版本的开发与应用

实践证明,公路交通安全评价是提高公路安全水平的有效手段。尽管其在我国还是一个较新的课题,但已经引起相关部门的重视,国内也开展了很多安全评价方法的研究。《西部地区公路安全评价》是系统研究公路安全评价方法的一个课题。而公路交通安全评价系统1.0版本是在该课题成果基础上开发的一套实用化的工具,它包括交通基础数据的管理和事故多发段判别、规范符合性分析、事故预测、速度一致性分析、路侧危险度分级等分析模块。本文对该系统各个模块的功能进行了阐述。     

“麦莎”台风对苏州河的水位影响分析

该文分析了苏州河水系遭遇“麦莎”台风的雨情和水情,并利用相应实测资料对苏州河水系河网水量模型进行验证计算,检验结果精度较高,在此基础上,分析研究出现状和未来远期规划工况条件下,遭遇“麦莎”台风影响的苏州河沿线高水位变化分布。