京沪高速铁路阳澄湖段环保施工技术

通过过程管理、工期控制、材料消耗、施工污染等多个方面对阳澄湖段施工栈桥和围堰方案的比较分析,表明京沪高铁阳澄湖段采用优化围堰方案代替栈桥施工,在环境、经济及技术方面具有明显的优势。在施工过程中采取了一系列防治生态破坏和环境污染措施后,有效地保护了阳澄湖水质不受污染,湖区生态环境及养殖业不受影响,为铁路跨越湖泊施工的环保工作提供有益借鉴。     

洞庭湖大桥拉索风雨振控制新技术

随着大跨径斜拉桥的不断建设，斜拉索的减振特别是风雨振的控制已成为该类桥梁急需解决的关键问题之一。岳阳洞庭湖大桥建成通车后已发生多次强烈风雨振，在对应用磁流变智能阻尼减振技术控制风雨振研究的基础上，全面评估了该技术控制拉索振动的实际效果，证明该阻尼器是拉索风雨振控制的有效手段。岳阳洞庭湖大桥全桥安装磁流变阴尼器后，加速度响应降低为原加速度的1/20-1/30。     

Gas transfer velocities of CO2 and CH4 in a tropical reservoir and its river downstream

We have measured simultaneously the methane (CH₄) and carbon dioxide (CO₂) surface concentrations and water–air fluxes by floating chambers (FC) in the Petit-Saut Reservoir (French Guiana) and its tidal river (Sinnamary River) downstream of the dam, during the two field experiments in wet (May 2003) and dry season (December 2003). The eddy covariance (EC) technique was also used for CO₂ fluxes on the lake. The comparison of fluxes obtained by FC and EC showed little discrepancies mainly due to differences in measurements durations which resulted in different average wind speeds. When comparing the gas transfer velocity (k₆₀₀) for a given wind speed, both methods gave similar results. On the lake and excluding rainy events, we obtained an exponential relationship between k₆₀₀ and U₁₀, with a significant intercept at 1.7 cm h^− 1, probably due to thermal effects. Gas transfer velocity was also positively related to rainfall rates reaching 26.5 cm h⁻¹ for a rainfall rate of 36 mm h^− 1. During a 24-h experiment in dry season, rainfall accounted for as much as 25% of the k₆₀₀. In the river downstream of the dam, k₆₀₀ values were 3 to 4 times higher than on the lake, and followed a linear relationship with U₁₀.     

哈尔滨松花江避暑城道路专项规划研究

以哈尔滨松花江避暑城的道路系统为研究对象,分析了该区域的交通特性,总结并提出了具体的道路规划要求,在此基础上,对避暑城的路网布局、过境交通引导、慢行系统布置、道路等级划分、道路横断面组织等方面进行了深入的规划设计,有关经验可供相关专业人员参考。     

特立尼达湖沥青灰分的试验分析

对TLA灰分和两种对比矿粉的密度、颗粒组成、比表面积、扫描电镜以及X衍射等试验进行分析.分析结果表明,TLA灰分的密度和比表面积明显大于两种对比矿粉的密度和比表面积;TLA灰分的主要成分为硅酸盐火山灰细粉,其粒径最细、分布均匀,表面粗糙、形状不规则,而两种对比矿粉颗粒较粗,分布不均匀,表面光滑、棱角分明.因此,TLA灰分具有很强的吸附作用,对提高TLA改性沥青的性能起着重要的增劲作用.     

杭州市西湖隧道防水措施实例

如何减少和控制地下隧道的渗漏水,已成为一个值得研究、必须研究的课题。本文以西湖隧道为实 例,介绍一些隧道防水的有效措施。     

荆岳铁路洞庭湖大桥主桥抗风分析

采用空间有限元模型分析荆岳铁路洞庭湖大桥主桥在成桥运营状态和施工全过程中的动力特性,评估主桥抗风安全性能。分析表明,中塔外边的长索对约束中塔纵桥向位移有一定的作用,过渡墩、辅助墩对主梁的横向和竖向振动的制约作用比较明显。主梁为钢桁梁,扭转刚度大,各工况的主梁弯扭耦合颤振和分离流扭转颤振的临界风速均超过了各自的主梁颤振检验风速,满足抗风安全性要求。     

广州市乘客自动输送系统的分建车站建筑设计

珠江新城是21世纪广州市中央商务区(CBD)的重要组成部分,完善发达的内外交通是CBD的支撑基础.乘客自动输送系统是中央商务区内部交通与外部交通联系的重要途径,其9个车站沿城市新中轴线设置在城市最中心的繁华地段,车站建筑布置因地制宜、形式多样,其中4个分建车站全线统一采用岛式站台,出入口位于城市中心区,全部采用无盖出入口的形式,分建车站至少设有2个能直通地面的疏散口.     

武汉东湖通道工程水下隧道消防设计

针对武汉东湖隧道工程特点,采用多种消防系统共同承担东湖隧道消防体系,其中隧道车行道的暗埋段和半敞口段采用消火栓系统及泡沫-水喷雾系统,主线隧道及匝道的敞开段采用消火栓系统,隧道设备间采用无管网超细干粉灭火,同时在隧道内配设灭火器。重点阐述消火栓系统及泡沫-水喷雾系统的组成及布置、设计参数选取、设备选型。为达到喷头均匀布水的要求,根据隧道车行道宽度不同,选择不同喷头按不同间距采用双侧或单侧布置,灭火时启动1台或2台消防泵。另外对隧道火灾报警系统的组成、火灾报警设施类型、系统功能等进行简要说明。     

Making public policy through citizen committees: Case histories from the Islands

Abstract

Citizen committees properly designed can strongly influence public policy. Examples are taken from the results of reports on marine affairs that citizen committees wrote in Hawaii, the U.S. Virgin Islands and Puerto Rico. Community acceptance and use of each report came about because (1) many members of the committees were in positions to act on the recommendations, (2) the recommendations were specific and called for actions other than studies, and (3) the governor of each area had asked that a report be drawn. To ensure attention to the reports, each governor had agreed that they would be uncensored, widely publicized, and released concurrently to the public and the government.