新冠肺炎交通防控政策对长沙市人口流动的影响

为探究新冠肺炎疫情下交通防控政策对长沙市人口流动的影响，本文根据长沙市在新冠 肺炎疫情期间颁布的交通防控政策和疫情实时防控情况划分防控阶段，基于百度迁徙大数据，利 用双重差分模型，识别长沙市不同阶段的交通防控政策以及量化防控效果，分析交通防控政策对 长沙市人口流动的影响。结果显示，长沙市在交通管制阶段，平均人口迁出强度、平均人口迁入 强度及城市内部出行强度分别下降了83.68%、69.24%及59.74%，有效地控制了人口流动，降低了 疫情扩散危险。在交通恢复阶段，长沙市人口流动强度逐渐反弹，城市内部出行强度基本恢复到 2019年同期水平。本文研究结果显示了交通管制对疫情扩散限制的有效性，为常态化疫情防控 下精准防控政策和复工复产政策制定提供参考。     

Young drivers and graduated licensing: The Ontario case

Despite improvements in road safety over the past several decades, accident rates remain high for young drivers. One accident countermeasure that is expected to improve the safety record of this group is graduated licensing. The philosophy behind this licensing system is that novice drivers, of whom the majority are young, should be restricted to relatively safe driving environments during the initial learning period. Graduated licensing was implemented in the Province of Ontario, Canada in 1994. The objective of this study is to estimate the potential benefits and costs for young drivers associated with two components of the Ontario graduated licensing package: the late-night driving curfew and the high-speed roadway restrictions. Based on accident and travel data for the year 1988, accident-involvement rates per kilometre driven were calculated for different driver groups for various combinations of time of day and roadway speed limit. These rates were then applied to the expected mobility profiles of young drivers affected by graduated licensing. The results of the study support the late-night curfew and suggest that this component of the licensing package should reduce total accident involvements for the affected group by up to 10 percent and fatal accident involvements by up to 24 percent, while reducing their total driving by only four percent. By contrast, the empirical evidence suggest that the high-speed roadway restrictions are likely to increase accident involvements, and thus it is strongly recommended that this component of Ontario's graduated licensing package be changed.     

铁道车辆脱轨检测装置的设计

概括介绍了国内外铁道车辆脱轨检测现状,以及铁道车辆脱轨检测装置的技术方案、工作原理、研制过程及其应用情况。     

机舱油水分离设备的营运检验

船舶舱底水对海洋环境的污染、船舶油水分离器的工作效果直接关系到是否满足MARPOL73/78公约的要求。通过对营运船舶油水分离器的检验方法,保证船舶油水分离器的工作效果。     

案例教学法在税务稽查教学中的运用探析

税务稽查是一门具有很强技术性的课程,要求学生掌握稽查的相关理论知识和技术方法,能够对复杂问题独立地做出判断和决策。传统的“注入式”教学模式,忽略对学生综合操作能力的培养,存在理论与现实脱节的问题。因此,需要引进案例教学方法、选择恰当的案例教学形式、设计完善的教学案例,使案例教学成为税务稽查教学的常规手段。     

城市轨道交通车辆部件故障与均衡修修程周期

简要分析了目前采用的城市轨道交通车辆维修制度及修程的不足,引出均衡修概念。基于概率统计分析,结合车门等车辆零部件的故障间隔时间特点,提出确定均衡修修程周期的方法,指出均衡修策略的技术特征。实施均衡修应以部件为维修单元。分析表明,采用均衡修将减少零部件故障,提升车辆运用可靠性。     

地下防渗墙快速无损检测技术研究

通过对防渗墙的成墙机理与防渗墙和周围介质存在的物性差异入手，从技术背景、技术原理和适用情况等方面分析研究了适合地下防渗墙质量检测的技术。运用探地雷达、高密度电法和瑞雷面波法三种方法对分沂入沭的堤防防渗墙进行现场检测，从不同检测技术得出的资料数据分析了防渗墙存在的质量问题，并与钻孔取芯的实际检测结果比对分析。对三种探测技术进行了综合评价，得到了适合防渗墙快速无损检测的技术，即利用探地雷达和高密度电法进行防渗墙的快速无损检测，其检测的结果是有效和准确的。     

基于经验模式分解的钢轨波浪弯曲不平顺提取方法

钢轨波浪弯曲不平顺隐藏在轨道不平顺中。采用小波分析和经验模式分解相结合的方法,对钢轨波浪弯曲不平顺进行识别和提取分析。利用对称双正交小波对轨检车监测到的车体垂向加速度响应和高低轨道不平顺信号进行小波变换,滤除波长1 m以下成分后,基本可以保证用经验模式分解得到的第1个固有模态函数包含全部钢轨弯曲不平顺信息。对提取得到的钢轨波浪弯曲不平顺的分析表明,不同钢轨上存在的弯曲不平顺不同,钢轨存在的波浪弯曲不平顺是波长在3 m附近变化的准周期不平顺;钢轨波浪弯曲不平顺是引起车体颤振的原因。建议在提速线路和客运专线上应限制波浪弯曲钢轨上道。     

Development and Deployment of Public Transport Policy and Planning in Taiwan

Over the past decade, the escalating roadway congestion and environmental deterioration due to heavy use of private vehicles have provoked the Taiwan government to realize the importance of public transport systems. Under the “carrot-and-stick” rationales, the government has formulated public transport policies and exercised a series of related initiatives by providing sufficient and higher quality of public transport services so as to attract more private vehicle users. In this paper, the planning philosophy and policy formulation of Taiwan’s public transport development are highlighted. The most important initiatives, including the Five-year Enhancement of Mass Transportation Program and the upgrading public transport schemes in the National Development Plan are examined. Based on previous experience and lessons, we point out the most challenging issues that the government will encounter. Suggestions for the future of public transport planning are also addressed.     

公路投标价编制技巧与报价策略

就企业如何进行投标价的编制与报价 ,以及如何提高报价决策技巧来赢取工程任务并取得最佳经济效益进行了探讨。