基于无人机的高层住宅最后“一百米”配送优化

针对城市高层住宅顾客对上门配送服务的需求，借助无人机停放平台，考虑包裹异质性以及无人机在不同配送阶段的精确能耗，构建以无人机飞行成本和能耗成本最小为目标，以无人机容量、电池组容量等为约束的高层住宅无人机上门配送模型，解决“垂直位置最后一百米配送”问题。基于此模型，设计带变邻域下降(VND)搜索的混合蚁群算法(HACO-VND)，引入4个算子进行变邻域下降搜索，为了提高算法的求解性能，提出两种局部搜索算子组合，根据顾客点数量使用不同的算子组合。实验结果表明，HACO-VND算法较CPLEX在求解精度与求解时间方面更优，特别是在大中型算例中表现出较佳性能。参数分析表明，高层住宅楼层数越多，无人机单次 飞行的能耗利用率越大，无人机容量与电池组容量共同对配送方案产生影响。为以后无人机送货上门服务方面的研究提供参考和思路。     

Costs of air pollutants from shipping: a meta-regression analysis

ABSTRACT

This study estimated the external cost of air pollution from shipping by means of a meta-regression analysis, which has not been made before. Three pollutants, which were included in most of the primary studies, were considered: nitrogen oxides (NO_x), sulphur dioxides (SO₂) and particulate matters with a diameter of max 2.5 micrometres (PM_2.5). All primary studies included damages of health and a majority added impacts on agriculture and estimated the cost of air pollutants by transferring cost estimates from studies on costs of air emissions from transports in Europe. Different regression models and estimators were used and robust results were found of statistically significant emission elasticities of below one, i.e. total external costs increase by less than 1% when emissions increase by 1%. There was a small variation between the pollutants, with the highest elasticity for PM_2.5 and lowest for NO_x. Calculations of the marginal external cost of the pollutants showed the same pattern, with this cost being approximately six times higher for PM_2.5 than for the other pollutants. Common to all pollutants was that the marginal external cost decreases when emission increases. Another robust result was a significant increase in the cost of studies published in journals compared with other publication outlets. These findings point out some caution when transferring constant external unit cost of air pollutant from shipping, which is much applied in the literature, and the cost functions estimated in this study could thus provide a complementary transfer mechanism.     

基于GIS/GPS、移动通信技术的船舶调度、监控系统

随着河道及海岸资源开发的不断深入，船舶参与施工作业的数量、频度以及复杂程度都在不断加大。针对目前存在的船舶多、作业分散、交叉施工频繁等现状，本文提出了一个综合运用地理信息系统(GIS)、全球卫星定位系统(GPS)以及移动通信技术等现代科技的船舶调度、监控系统，以对船舶实施高效、系统的管理。     

微机控制的船用发电机继电保护实验装置

由于微机控制的继电保护与常规保护比较起来有许多优点,因此微机控制的船用发电机继电保护实验装置有其取代原有实验装置的必要性。本文就微机控制的船用发电机继电保护实验装置的硬件结构、软件算法和软件抗干扰技术进行了探讨。     

含酚废水处理工艺综述

含酚废水是一种常见的工业废水，本文分别阐述了萃取、SBR、湿式氧化几种典型工艺处理含酚废水的试验情况，归纳出不同含酚废水合适的处理工艺。     

基于B/S结构的机车售后服务管理系统

文章简述了ActiveX组件模型结合ASP技术在Internet环境下实现基于Browser/Server结构的机车售后服务管理系统。该系统在ActiveX技术基础上通过ADO编程实现数据传输和访问,结合ASP和ActiveX控件技术实现动态发布和在线管理。     

列车通信网络研究现状及展望

介绍了列车通信网络的主要任务和列车通信网络的拓扑结构,阐述了列车通信网络(TCN)的发展历程及目前国内外列车通信网络的发展现状,并展望了列车通信网络技术的发展趋势。     

单拖船协助船舶靠离码头的操纵方法

结合引航工作的实践,分析和讨论了各种情况下单拖船协助船舶靠离码头的操纵方法。     

基于B/S的高校专业技术干部考评系统研究

介绍一种基于B／S的高校专业技术干部考评系统的的实现方案，该方案包括系统的设计原则、系统网络结构、系统主要功能和实现系统的关键技术。     

MARPOL 73/78附则Ⅰ/25A计算方法与应用

介绍了MARPOL 73/78附则Ⅰ第25A条有关软件稳性计算方法与应用实例.实践表明,该软件开发很成功,可大大减少计算工作量,提高工作效率.