弹性阻尼耦合轮对动力学特性分析

耦合轮对左右车轮间是通过耦合度可变的耦合器连接的,既不完全固结,也不可相对独立旋转,因此其动力学性能也有别于二者。现建立弹性阻尼耦合轮对(EDCW)车辆的动力学模型,系统地分析了其直线稳定性和曲线通过性能。研究发现,选择适当的耦合度时,全部轮对均为EDCW的车辆系统动力学性能居于传统轮对和独立旋转车轮车辆系统之间。在直线上的临界速度小于独立旋转车轮而大于传统轮对,在曲线上的导向性能劣于传统轮对而优于独立旋转车轮,其直线上临界速度的提高是以曲线上导向能力的下降为前提的。研制一种具有主动控制性能的耦合器,使其在高速时具有小耦合度,在低速和通过曲线时具有大耦合度,可以很好地满足当今铁路发展的需求。     

后轮对独立回转转向架与传统转向架曲线通过性能的对比研究

利用典型的线性稳态模型对传统转向架和新型转向架（后轮对独立回转转向架）的曲线导向能力进行了分析。建立了具有14个自由度的非线性车辆模型,对最佳的一系纵向刚度布置（前导轮对的纵向刚度较小,跟从轮对的刚度较大）的新型转向架和传统转向架车辆的曲线性能进行了仿真对比。仿真结果表明,新型转向架的曲线导向性能优于传统转向架。     

A yaw-moment control method based on a vehicle's lateral jerk information

Previously, a new control concept called ‘G-vectoring control (GVC)’ to improve vehicle agility and stability was developed. GVC is an automatic longitudinal acceleration control method that responds to vehicle lateral jerk caused by the driver's steering manoeuvres. In this paper, a new yaw-moment control method, which generates a stabilising moment during the GVC command and has positive acceleration value and the driver's accelerator pedal input is zero, was proposed. A new hybrid control, which comprises GVC, electric stability control and this new control, was constructed, and it was installed in a test vehicle and tested on a snowy surface. The very high potential for improvement in both agility and stability was confirmed.     

Simulation of active steering control for curving under traction in hauling locomotives

Active steering control in the form of secondary yaw control (SYC) and actuated wheelset yaw (AWY) have been in prototype development. This paper presents a new active steering bogie design, actuated yaw force steering (AY-FS), that is able to steer under high traction loads in tight curves. The AY-FS bogie design is compared with the AWY design. The steering performance AWY under high traction loads has not been previously reported. This paper examines five control methods, three for AWY and two for AY-FS bogies and assesses the traction curving and stability control performance of the alternative designs and control methods compared with each other and to passive steering bogie designs. The curving performance results showed considerable advantage in the proposed AY-FS bogies over the AWY. It was shown that control must be applied to both the yaw angle and the steering angle of the bogie to achieve the best traction steering performance which was not possible with the AWY bogies. The proposed new bogie designs of AY-FS overall give better traction curving and stability performance than the AWY designs.     

车轮型面位置偏移对车辆动力学性能的影响

为了分析LMA车轮型面位置偏移对车辆动力学性能的影响,设计不同型面位置偏移量的车轮,通过轮轨接触分析和车辆动力学计算,分析了车轮型面位置偏移对轮轨几何接触特性、车辆临界速度和曲线通过性能的影响.结果表明,较小的偏移量对临界速度影响不大,当偏移量达到1.75 mm后临界速度急剧下降.以均衡速度通过曲线时,型面偏移量的增大对轮轨横向力的影响不大,但会使轮对横移量的最大值显著增大.与反相偏移相比,同相偏移对车辆在直线上的临界速度及曲线上的横移量影响更大.因此,车轮型面位置偏移对车辆动力学性能有较大影响,应当避免发生,LMA车轮型面偏移量最大不得超过1.75 mm.     

大型养路机械车辆侧滚对曲线通过性能影响的试验分析

基于动力学性能试验数据,从轮轨力、轴箱弹簧垂向位移和中部车体垂向振动加速度3方面分析了大型养路机械通过曲线时由于较大幅度侧滚造成横向力偏大的原因,通过在转向架和车体间增加旁承限位滚子来减小侧滚幅度,试验结果表明该改进措施能大大减小轮轴横向力,增强车辆通过曲线的安全性。     

摆式车辆曲线通过仿真

建立了带倾斜控制的滚子型摆式车辆的曲线通过动力学详细模型，导出了基本方程式，并进行了一个有代表性的曲线通过数值仿真，对各种轨道不平顺对横向轮轨力和内轮减载的影响进行了试验。表明轮轨的动横向力最大值主要受横向不平顺之影响。由于横向不平顺、曲率半径不平顺和倾角不平顺的综合作用，使内轮动减载增加。     

Fatigue crack propagation and computational remaining life assessment of ship structures

The fitness for serviceability of structural members of marine structures in which fatigue cracks might be found during in-service inspection is investigated in order to prevent instantaneous failures of ships, as well as a loss of serviceability such as the oil- and/or watertightness of critical compartments. The essential features of fatigue crack propagation and the remaining life assessment are discussed in the first part of the paper, where the effects of weldment, complicated stress distributions including stress biaxialities at three-dimensional structural joints, structural redundancy, and crack curving are found to be of primary importance. The second part of the paper contains a discussion of an advanced numerical simulation method for the remaining life assessment, in which the above-mentioned effects of fatigue crack propagation are taken into account. The simulated crack paths and the fatigue crack propagation lives are found to be in fairly good agreement with the experimental results.     

A semi-active control suspension system for railway vehicles with magnetorheological fluid dampers

The high-speed train has achieved great progress in the last decades. It is one of the most important modes of transportation between cities. With the rapid development of the high-speed train, its safety issue is paid much more attention than ever before. To improve the stability of the vehicle with high speed, extra dampers (i.e. anti-hunting damper) are used in the traditional bogies with passive suspension system. However, the curving performance of the vehicle is undermined due to the extra lateral force generated by the dampers. The active suspension systems proposed in the last decades attempt to solve the vehicle steering issue. However, the active suspension systems need extra actuators driven by electrical power or hydraulic power. There are some implementation and even safety issues which are not easy to be overcome. In this paper, an innovative semi-active controlled lateral suspension system for railway vehicles is proposed. Four magnetorheological fluid dampers are fixed to the primary suspension system of each bogie. They are controlled by online controllers for enhancing the running stability on the straight track line on the one hand and further improving the curving performance by controlling the damper force on the other hand. Two control strategies are proposed in the light of the pure rolling concept. The effectiveness of the proposed strategies is demonstrated by SIMPACK and Matlab co-simulation for a full railway vehicle with two conventional bogies.