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1.
随着我国经济的快速增长,高速公路必将进入新的发展阶段。由于投资体制不断改革和市场经济的不断完善,各投资主体对公路建设的投资效益越来越重视,对高速公路不同阶段的投资控制越来越严格。对此,对高速公路不同阶段的投资特点进行了探讨。 相似文献
2.
Changes in sediment quality, with special reference to benthic habitat conditions resulting from macroalgae overgrowth, were studied in the Venice Lagoon, Italy. Data were collected biweekly in spring and summer from 1993 to 1998 and from 2001 to 2002, as part of the macroalgae growth control strategies managed by the Venice Water Authority-Consorzio Venezia Nuova. Benthic habitat conditions were studied by means of Sediment Profile Imaging, which allowed the collection of several variables: aRPD (apparent redox potential discontinuity), prism penetration depth, presence of anoxia on the surface of the sediment, presence of reduced gas bubbles, stage of benthic colonization. All these variables led to the calculation of an environmental index (Organism–Sediment Index, OSI), which was then related to physical variables and macroalgae abundance. Until 1996, the overall benthic habitat of the Venice Lagoon showed almost stressed conditions; from 1997, the seaweed biomass rapidly declined and the OSI increased significantly. The OSI seemed to be affected by seaweed biomass, sediment compactness and water depth. Macroalgae biomass greater than 4.5 kg/m2 led to the complete disappearance of stage III of benthic colonization; values as low as 0.70 kg m2 already had a severe impact on recolonization. SPI attributes indicated the main mechanisms that could have contributed to the benthic quality: seaweed proliferation is often followed by rapid decay of macroalgae biomass, especially when present in large amounts. The decrease in seaweed biomass often results in oxygen depletion in the water column and thus in the sediment, preventing complete benthic colonization. This research confirms the importance of in situ rapid reconnaissance surveys to assess the impact of eutrophication on the benthic habitat. 相似文献
3.
高速公路路堤填土工程适宜性评价方法的探讨 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
路堤填筑是高速公路路基工程的一个重要环节,路堤填土工程适宜性研究尤为重要,基于高速公路路堤填土工程性质的分析,提出了填土工程适宜性评价的一种方法,分析了其可行性和难点,以广东西部沿海高速公路某试验段为例,进行了工程适宜性评价。这将对高速公路路基施工提供新的理论依据。 相似文献
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5.
高速公路绿化应从设计及施工阶段开始就统一考虑,保证质量,中央隔离带、边沟边坡的形式、尺寸应满足绿化要求,绿化品种的选择要美观实用、因地制宜。应重视病虫害的防治,在华北地区由于冬季除雪会造成盐害,因此,要在春融前采取喷叶、清除地表土等降盐措施。 相似文献
6.
Macrobenthic surveys are an expensive, slow and labour intensive means to establish the health of benthic communities. Sediment profile imagery (SPI) is a means of rapid reconnaissance for monitoring large areas of the benthos. SPI has often been used to monitor gross anthropogenic disturbance. The aim of this study is to determine if SPI can be used as a tool to reliably map change in communities along natural estuarine gradients. Macrobenthic sampling was carried out at five stations along an established estuarine gradient. This faunal data was analysed using standard multivariate techniques and to ground truth a concurrent SPI survey. Faunal analysis showed that habitat quality in Inner Galway Bay was generally good, with some localised disturbance from the River Corrib and the sewage out flow exterior to the city dock. Four distinct groups were identified with a degree of overlap occurring between stations 3 and 4. While existing SPI indices mapped habitat quality in the same manner as the faunal data for end member stations, the level of distinction between the habitats of an intermediate staging was found to be poor. This lack of distinction amongst the stage 2 and 3 stations was overcome by developing a tailored index, the Galway Bay index of habitat quality (GBHQ). This index was derived from the 5 observed variables in the SPI data that were determined to best match the faunal distribution by permutative mantel testing. The 5 observed variables from the SPI data were the depth of the apparent redox potential discontinuity (aRPD), the depth of penetration by the prism, and the presence/absence of infauna, surface faecal pellet layer and biogenic mounding. The GBHQ was able to distinguish between the 5 stations to a greater extent than previously described indices, showing clearly the separate groupings defined by the faunal data. The index was tested on a follow up SPI survey and shown to be applicable in mapping a broader range of habitats in Galway Bay. Indices generated for localised mapping of estuarine gradients should be derived from observed features and be ground truthed using faunal data. Some aspects of the GBHQ should be generally applicable to fine grained boreal estuarine sediments (aRPD/penetration), while others may be of limited utility in other locations depending on the digging characteristics of the particular SPI camera, and local factors influencing the persistence of biogenic features in the profile. This derivation technique provides a simple way to optimise SPI to particular studies and localities. 相似文献
7.
李平 《重庆交通大学学报(自然科学版)》2007,26(Z1):110-113
随着高速公路的大规模建设,2005年我国高速公路通车里程突破4万km,其在社会经济发展中作用日益凸显,如何保证高速公路持续、稳定的运营,以满足不断增长的交通运输需求就显得尤为重要.应用目标持续性评价的理论方法对渝长高速公路的可持续发展能力进行了分析,有助于确保项目在运营期内提高质量的运输服务. 相似文献
8.
高速铁路钢轨打磨关键技术研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
根据我国高速铁路上运行车辆的车轮型面设计钢轨的预打磨轨头廓面.按照该预打磨轨头廓面对钢轨进行预打磨,可有效改善轮轨的接触状态.给出了适用于不同车轮型面的钢轨预打磨深度理论设计值以及适用于LMA和S1002G车轮型面的钢轨预打磨轨头廓面.关于预打磨后的实际轨头廓面与预打磨设计廓面的误差,在轨距角部位应控制在-0.1~0.3 mm范围内.建议我国高速铁路的钢轨打磨周期为每30~50 Mt通过总重打磨1次,对于无砟轨道取上限,有砟轨道取下限;关于60kg·m-1钢轨的预打磨深度,在轨距角部位应达到0.8~1.5 mm,在主要轮轨接触部位应大于0.3 mm;钢轨打磨后的表面粗糙度应小于10μm;采用48磨头打磨车时应打磨3~4遍,采用96磨头打磨车时应打磨2遍. 相似文献
9.
为合理规划布置大城市绕城高速公路互通式立交工程,做到既能够提升出入境交通的可达性和便利性,又不影响过境交通及城市内部交通系统的运行效率,在对绕城高速公路出入境交通组织特性分析的基础上,提出了以系统运行时间和出入境交通可达性二者组合效应最好为目标的绕城高速公路互通式立交一体化布局模型,并提出了模型求解的实用方法。最后,以某城市规划年绕城高速公路互通式立交布局规划为应用案例,阐述了模型应用的具体步骤。研究结果表明,本文提出的绕城高速公路互通式立交一体化布局模型,不仅考虑了绕城高速公路互通式立交布局规划的实际影响因素,也便于实际应用。 相似文献
10.