含惯容器的多层隔振系统动态性能研究

以含有惯容器的多层隔振系统为研究对象,建立了多层隔振系统的动力学模型.研究了惯容器对系统固有频率的影响,分析了惯容器的位置变化对多层隔振系统的影响,推导了多层隔振系统的振动传递率公式.研究结果表明:不管惯容器安装在上层还是下层,都会减小多层隔振系统的固有频率,惯容器对高阶固有频率的影响较大;在上层安装惯容器对系统的固有频率影响较大,会减小相邻固有频率的间隔;当惯容器一端接地一端接中间质量时,相当于增加了中间质量的参振质量;不接地的惯容器会减小隔振系统高频振动传递率的衰减.研究结果有利于惯容器在舰船上的应用.     

Impact of inerter nonlinearities on vehicle suspension control

This paper discusses the nonlinear properties of inerters and their impact on vehicle suspension control. The inerter was recently introduced as an ideal mechanical two-terminal element, which is a substitute for the mass element, where the applied force is proportional to the relative acceleration across the terminals. Until now, ideal inerters have been applied to vehicle, motorcycle and train suspension systems, in which significant performance improvement was achieved. However, due to the mechanical construction, some nonlinear properties of the existing mechanical models of inerters are noted. This paper investigates the inerter nonlinearities, including friction, backlash and the elastic effect, and their influence on vehicle suspension performance. A testing platform is also built to verify the nonlinear properties of the inerter model.     

Analytical solutions for optimal ride comfort and tyre grip for passive vehicle suspensions

The paper derives analytical solutions for the global optimum of the ride comfort and tyre grip performance measures for a quarter-car vehicle model optimised both individually and in combination. The solutions are derived for six simple suspension networks comprising one or two springs, one damper and possibly one inerter. The solutions are functions of four vehicle parameters: the sprung mass, the unsprung mass, the tyre stiffness and the static stiffness, of the suspension.     

Design of passive vehicle suspensions for maximal least damping ratio

This paper studies the use of the least damping ratio among system poles as a performance metric in passive vehicle suspensions. Methods are developed which allow optimal solutions to be computed in terms of non-dimensional quantities in a quarter-car vehicle model. Solutions are provided in graphical form for convenient use across vehicle types. Three suspension arrangements are studied: the standard suspension involving a parallel spring and damper and two further suspension arrangements involving an inerter. The key parameters for the optimal solutions are the ratios of unsprung mass to sprung mass and suspension static stiffness to tyre vertical stiffness. A discussion is provided of performance trends in terms of the key parameters. A comparison is made with the optimisation of ride comfort and tyre grip metrics for various vehicle types.     

Stability and performance analysis of a full-train system with inerters

This paper discusses the use of inerters to improve the stability and performance of a full-train system. First, we construct a 28 degree-of-freedom train model in AutoSim, and obtain a linearised model for analysis in Matlab. Then, the benefits of inerters are investigated by the critical speed, settling time and passenger comfort. In addition, we apply a new mechatronic network for further performance improvement, and synthesise the optimal electrical circuit for experimental verification. From the results, inerters are shown to be effective in improving the stability and performance of train systems.     

惯容器对船舶舱室低频隔振效果的影响研究

本文首先介绍了一种并联式ISD被动隔振系统并建立了该系统的理论公式,发现隔振对象的振幅取决于激励的振幅、频率比、系统的阻尼比以及惯质比。为了研究惯容器对船舶舱室低频隔振的影响,选用了挖泥船监控舱室作为研究对象,研究结果表明,惯容器能够降低共振频率,抑制共振峰,惯质系数越大,系统阻尼比越小,效果越明显。在使用惯容器后,监控舱室的低频隔振效果得到明显的提升,8.5Hz处的加速度共振峰下降了75%,本文的研究成果为惯容器在船海领域的应用提供了参考。     

IGBT逆变器短路保护试验与分析

电力半导体器件故障电流（特别是短路电流）的确认与及时有效保护，对电力机车交流装置的可靠工作 至关重要，介绍了为8K型电力机车车开发的IGBT逆变器的短路电流检测和保护方案，给出了试验结果，分析了试验波形的浪涌和振荡现象。     

永磁电涡流阻尼新技术及其在土木工程中的应用

针对永磁电涡流阻尼减振的理论与技术进展进行了综述，主要包括：永磁电涡流调谐质量减振器、大吨位的滚珠丝杠式轴向电涡流阻尼器等新型减振装置；板式电涡流阻尼及滚珠丝杠式电涡流阻尼器的性能仿真与设计方法；桥梁涡激共振、斜拉索振动控制的电涡流阻尼三元减振理论；以及基于电涡流阻尼力非线性特性的减震性能研究。介绍了湖南大学新建的大型阻尼器特性综合试验平台及主要功能，以及永磁电涡流阻尼技术的典型工程应用。最后指出了值得进一步研究的若干问题。     

基于动力吸振理论的车辆ISD悬架设计与性能分析

ISD(inerter-spring-damper)悬架是由惯容器、弹簧和阻尼器构成的一种新型车辆被动悬架。本文中基于动力吸振器在振动控制中的作用,利用惯容器动力学特性,建立了ISD悬架的单轮模型,设计出含有动力吸振器结构的ISD悬架,并对其进行仿真,用多目标遗传算法确定元件参数,分析ISD悬架的主频率特性和各性能指标(车身加速度、悬架动行程和轮胎动载荷)的振动传递特性。仿真结果表明,在0~15Hz低频段,与等刚度的传统被动悬架相比,ISD悬架改善了各性能指标的振动传递幅频特性,降低了各性能指标在共振频率1Hz附近的功率谱密度峰值。     

Performance evaluation and parameter sensitivity of energy-harvesting shock absorbers on different vehicles

Traditional shock absorbers provide favourable ride comfort and road handling by dissipating the suspension vibration energy into heat waste. In order to harvest this dissipated energy and improve the vehicle fuel efficiency, many energy-harvesting shock absorbers (EHSAs) have been proposed in recent years. Among them, two types of EHSAs have attracted much attention. One is a traditional EHSA which converts the oscillatory vibration into bidirectional rotation using rack-pinion, ball-screw or other mechanisms. The other EHSA is equipped with a mechanical motion rectifier (MMR) that transforms the bidirectional vibration into unidirectional rotation. Hereinafter, they are referred to as NonMMR-EHSA and MMR-EHSA, respectively. This paper compares their performances with the corresponding traditional shock absorber by using closed-form analysis and numerical simulations on various types of vehicles, including passenger cars, buses and trucks. Results suggest that MMR-EHSA provides better ride performances than NonMMR-EHSA, and that MMR-EHSA is able to improve both the ride comfort and road handling simultaneously over the traditional shock absorber when installed on light-damped, heavy-duty vehicles. Additionally, the optimal parameters of MMR-EHSA are obtained for ride comfort. The optimal solutions (‘Pareto-optimal solutions’) are also obtained by considering the trade-off between ride comfort and road handling.