港口腹地划分的两种新方法探讨--以大连国际航运中心为例

引入经济地理学的新理论成果———圈层结构法和点轴法,提出了圈层结构划分法和点轴结构划分法两种新的港口腹地划分方法,并应用这两种新方法对大连国际航运中心港口腹地范围的界定与划分进行实例分析。与以往的行政区划法、经济区域法等港口腹地划分方法相比,这两种方法更加注重对港口原有腹地的细分,更接近于港口腹地的实际状况,进而有利于港口企业的经营发展。     

牙周膜牵张成骨快速牙移动移动牙张力侧变化的X线观察

目的　观察移动牙快速移动时张力侧变化的X线表现 ,为牙周膜牵张成骨理论提供依据。方法　杂种犬 8只 ,拔除下颌两侧第二前磨牙 ,实验侧实施减阻 牵张措施 ,加力 1 4d后 ,停止加力固定 3 0d ;对照侧仅行拔牙术。 1、7、1 4、2 1、44d拍摄实验侧、对照侧咬合侧位片 ,观察移动牙张力侧的X线变化。结果　移动牙张力侧牙周膜加力期间有新骨迅速生成 ;停止加力 3 0d时 ,新生骨放射学特征与对照侧牙槽骨无显著差别。结论　移动牙快速移动时 ,张力侧牙周膜可以快速牵张成骨而不会造成龈下骨质缺损     

Histological changes following surgically-assisted rapid tooth movement through resistance reduction and distraction osteogenesis in dogs

Objective To investigate the histological changes of rapid tooth movement in dogs treated by resistance reduction and distraction osteogenesis, aiming to establish an animal model and further to reveal the remodeling mechanism of rapid tooth movement. Methods A total of 8 local hybrid dogs were selected as subjects for this study. The second pre-molar was extracted on both sides. The experimental side underwent alvelor surgery for resistance reduction and a home-made tooth-borne intraoral distraction device was installed for rapid tooth movement, while for the other side (control side) only tooth-borne intraoral distraction device was used for rapid tooth movement. The longest active force-delivery span was 2 weeks, followed by 6-week retention. The distance between the moved tooth and anchor unit was recorded weekly, and radiography was performed for each side before and after distraction. The surrounding tissues including periodontal ligament and alveolar bone were sectioned for histological analysis. Results The average distance of tooth movement was 3.55mm on the experimental side and 1.11mm on the control side. The rate of tooth movement was notably higher (P<0.01) and no significant apical root resorption was detected by X-ray on the experimental side. The active alvelor bone remodeling was found on the tension and pressure sides. However, there was no significant difference between the experimental side and the control side after the retention period. Conclusion The rate of orthodontic tooth movement can be accelerated through resistance reduction and periodontal distraction without any unfavorable effects but at minimal anchorage loss.     

Biocompatibility evaluation of polyethylene terephthalate artificial ligament coating hydroxyapatite by fibroblasts cells in vitro

Hydroxyapatite (HA) based materials have been widely used in the field of ligament tissue engineering in the past decades. It has been previously reported that HA can increase the penetration of marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and MSCs cells into scaffolds due to increased cell differentiation in biological media. Additionally, it was found that there are much difference between MSCs and anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) cells. For that reason, we mainly evaluate the biocompatibility of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) silk scaffold with fibroblasts cells in vitro. We cultured mouse fibroblasts cells on the substrate of PET fiber and PET-HA scaffold, respectively, and then observed the morphology by using scanning electron microscopy. Our data indicate that PET-HA scaffold has good biocompatibility with fibroblasts cells and can potentially be useful in enhancing the fibroblasts cell differentiation and proliferation.     

牙周膜牵引成骨正畸牙快速移动研究中动物模型的建立

目的　建立牙周膜牵引成骨正畸牙快速移动的动物模型 ,为其后的系列研究打下基础。方法　 6只犬 ,每只犬下颌左右两侧分别为实验侧和对照侧 ,对照侧用传统方法以第三前磨牙为支抗牙移第一前磨牙向远中 ,实验侧用自制牙周膜牵引装置。结果　实验侧牙移动显著快于对照侧 ,X线观察实验侧受牵张的牙槽骨有连续的新骨形成 ,压力侧牙槽骨和牙周膜不出现不可逆性损伤。结论　用自制的装置 ,以犬为实验对象 ,以第三前磨牙为支抗牙移第一前磨牙向远中 ,可建立科学、简单、可靠的动物模型 ,牵引的速度、频率精确可控     

牙周膜牵张成骨快速牙移动动物模型的建立

目的　建立动物模型 ,探讨加快正畸牙移动速度的新方法。方法　杂种犬 8只 ,拔除下颌两侧第二前磨牙 ,实施减阻 牵张措施后 ,在移动牙、支抗牙上安装自制牵张装置 ,以 2次·d-1的频率、0 .5mm·d-1的速率加力 14d使移动牙向拔牙窝移动。停止加力、固定 31d ;对照侧仅行拔牙术。每周定期测量移动牙、支抗牙移动距离。实验开始、结束时 ,拍摄对照侧、实验侧X线片 ,取材行光镜观察。结果　①加力 14d ,移动牙平均向远中移动 4 .5 4mm ,支抗牙向近中平均移动 0 .4 5mm ,两者有显著性差异 (P <0 .0 1) ;②X线片显示未见牙根明显吸收 ,光镜下未见牙髓和压力侧组织坏死及牵张侧龈下骨质缺损等副作用。结论　实施减阻 牵张措施可大幅度提高牙齿移动速度 ,支抗牙支抗丧失少 ,无明显副作用。     

Influence of baicalin on the expression of receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand and osteoprotegerin in human periodontal ligament cells

Objective To study the effect of baicalin on the expression of receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL) and osteoprotegerin (OPG) in cultured human periodontal ligament (HPDL) cells. Methods Small interfering RNA (siRNA) eukaryotic expression vector targeted transforming growth factor βⅡ receptor (TGF-β RⅡ) was constructed and transfected into T cells. HPDL cells with T cells transfected with siRNA or not were placed in the culture medium that had been added with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and baicalin. The obtained solution was divided into six groups according to the components (group Ⅰ: HPDL cells+LPS+T cells transfected with siRNA1+baicalin;group Ⅱ: HPDL cells+LPS+T cells transfected with siRNA1; group Ⅲ: HPDL cells+LPS+T cells+baicalin; group Ⅳ: HPDL cells+LPS+T cells; group Ⅴ: HPDL cells+baicalin; group Ⅵ: HPDL cells) and was cultured for 48 hours. RT-PCR was used to observe the effect of baicalin on the expression of OPG-RANKL in HPDL cells. Results The ratio of RANKL/OPG in group Ⅰ was lower than that in group Ⅱ (P<0.01) and higher than that in group Ⅲ (P<0.01); The ratio of RANKL/OPG in gronp Ⅲ was lower than that in group Ⅳ (P<0.01); the ratio of RANKL/ OPG in group Ⅳ was higher than that in group Ⅵ (P<0.01); the ratio of RANKL/OPG in group Ⅴ was lower than TGF-β signaling transduction plays an important role in the effect of baicalin on the RANKL/OPG ratio in HPDL cells.