列车集便器污水处理设备研究

目前我国主要铁路干线上开行的提速旅客列车将逐步加装集便器。集便器污水属于高浓度有机污水,国内还没有成熟的处理工艺。通过对试验数据及试验效果的分析,提出了适合国内铁路集便器污水处理的工艺,其试验结论具有可实践性。     

负荷对柴油机微粒排放特性及其组分的影响

分析了柴油机排气微粒 (PM)的组分及其生成机理 ,并通过试验研究了负荷对PM的排放特性及其组分的影响 ,指出了负荷与PM流量之间的指数函数关系以及PM中可溶性组分 (SOF)和不可溶性组分 (IOF)的含量随负荷的变化趋势     

水玻璃改良昔格达土机理分析

在《水玻璃改良昔格达土物理力学性质的试验研究》的基础上,为进一步探讨水玻璃改良昔格达土的改良机理,对改良土进行了偏光显微镜、SEM以及X-射线衍射等的有关试验分析,研究结果发现,昔格达土结构的改变及新物质的生成是改良土强度形成的主要原因。     

A review of the effect of a/W ratio on fracture toughness (I) —experimental investigation in EPFM

1INTRODUCTION Crackopeningdisplacement(COD)andtheJ in tegralastwoimportantfracture characterizingparame tersinelastic plasticfracturemechanics,arealready welldevelopedandusedinindustrialapplications.However,deeplycrackedstandardlaboratory specimenwhichhasahighlevelofconstraintmaynot alwaysberepresentativeofthosefoundinstructural components.Structuralcomponentsoftenexhibitcom parativelyshallowandsurface breaking,andtheplas ticflowassociatedwiththemreachesthesurfaceofthe component.Inthisca…     

不同路线国Ⅴ车用重型柴油机微粒物中SOF和PAHs的对比研究

采用AVL全流采样(CVS)系统,对2台国Ⅴ车用重型柴油机进行了ESC和ETC循环试验,并利用气相色谱—质谱联用仪等设备对颗粒物中的可溶性有机物(SOF)和多环芳烃(PAHs)进行了分析。通过对比采用DOC+DPF和SCR两种技术路线柴油机的SOF和PAHs及其组分,对它们的排放特性进行了研究。研究发现,无论是ESC循环下还是ETC循环下,DOC+DPF路线发动机PM排放中SOF含量以及PAHs排放总浓度都要明显低于SCR路线发动机,PM中菲和芘的浓度会降低一半以上。     

转向连接销热处理工艺研究

为避免某重型载货汽车前桥上的转向连接销(40CrH钢)产生淬火裂纹,同时满足金相组织要求,采用水溶性淬火介质(PAG类聚醚)进行了淬火工艺试验.结果表明,采用淬火温度为840℃、水溶性淬火溶液浓度为8％～10％及温度为20～50℃的新工艺进行淬火效果最佳,无淬火裂纹产生,累计生产的50万件转向连接销均未出现质量问题.     

生物强化技术深度降解含高氯、高盐污水COD、NH_3-N的中试研究

国内某化学工业园污水厂主要处理氯碱厂高含氯、含盐污水和化肥厂氨氮污水。二沉池出水经过生物强化技术深度处理后,出水COD平均值为46.8 mg/L,NH_3-N为1.43 mg/L,出水可稳定控制在《污水综合排放标准》(GB 8978-1996)一级排放标准内。该技术具有良好的可控性,耐冲击负荷能力强,处理效果好,运行稳定,与常规生物治理技术相结合,可使得该技术在废水处理中显示出独特的作用。     

柴油机排气微粒中可溶有机组分的分析

采用超声洗脱法,分离出柴油机排气微粒(PM)中的可溶有机组分(SOF)。利用色谱—质谱联用技术对SOF的成分进行了分析。结果表明,SOF中最大的组分为烷烃,其次是芳香烃;烷烃中大部分为直链烷烃,芳香烃以萘族和菲族等多环芳香烃为主。给出了微粒SOF中烷烃和芳香烃等有机成分在不同工况下所占有的比例,以及芳香烃中主要有机组分的百分含量。     

港口污水处理现状及建议

根据调查研结果,分别从生活污水、含油污水、化工废水、集装箱污水几个方面介绍分析了目前我国港口水污染及处理现状,并提出了建议.     

A review of the effect of a／W ratio on fracture toughness （Ⅰ）—experimental investigation in EPFM

Many experimental investigations have previously been performed and recently done on different shipbuilding structural steels where the specimens size and crack depth/specimen width (a/W) were varied. A series of interesting results have been gained. It is worthwhile to have a review on the effect of a/W ratio on fracture toughness, and further theoretical analysis is necessary. In this paper, experimental work in elasticplastic fracture mechanics (EPFM) was discussed. Tests had been carried out on 10 kinds of strength steels. Results showed that J _i and δ₁ values increased with decreasing a/W when a/W<0.3 for three-point bend specimens and that shallow crack specimens which have less constrained flow field give markedly higher values of toughness than deeply notched specimens. However, for a/W>0.3, the toughness was found to be independent of a/W. Slip line field analysis shows that for shallow cracks, the hydrostatic stress is lower than that from standard deeply cracked bend specimen which develops a high level of crack tip constraint, provides a lower bound estimate of toughness, and will ensure an unduly conservative approach when applied to structure defects especially if initiation values of COD/J-integral are used.