丰都丁庄裂口工业区滑坡的致滑概率研究

笔者通过对丰都丁庄裂口工业区滑坡的机理分析及工程实践经验,总结出了滑坡致滑的四大主要因子———内因、库位降落、暴雨和地震.提出了各因子致滑概率的度量指标及其致滑概率的标准值,建立了概率统计分析方法,并将此方法用于丰都丁庄裂口工业区滑坡的致滑概率分析,所得的结论与实际情况比较吻合.     

Reliability analysis of repairable systems using stochastic point processes

In order to analyze the failure data from repairable systems, the homogeneous Poisson process(HPP) is usually used. In general, HPP cannot be applied to analyze the entire life cycle of a complex, re-pairable system because the rate of occurrence of failures (ROCOF) of the system changes over time rather thanremains stable. However, from a practical point of view, it is always preferred to apply the simplest methodto address problems and to obtain useful practical results. Therefore, we attempted to use the HPP model toanalyze the failure data from real repairable systems. A graphic method and the Laplace test were also usedin the analysis. Results of numerical applications show that the HPP model may be a useful tool for the entirelife cycle of repairable systems.     

OCCURRENCE CHARACTERISTIC OF KASHIN-BECK DISEASE BASED ON NUCLEAR FAMILY PEDIGREES

Kashin Beckdisease (KBD )isanendemicos teochondropathyresultingfromimpairedendochon drialdevelopmentinchildren .Itmanifestswithsecondarychronicdeformitiesandosteoarthrosisinadults.Geographically ,thediseaseoccursmainlyinadiagonalbeltrangingfromthenortheasttothesouthwestofChina (KBDarea) .Thisareaischar acterizedbyalowfoodseleniumcontent .Thereare2 .5millionpatientswithKBDand 30millionpeo pleareatrisk[1] .TheclinicalmanifestationsofKBDareflexionoftheterminalpartofthefingersorcrookedfinger…     

A study of factors influencing the severity of road crashes involving drunk drivers and non drunk drivers

In this study, an attempt has been made to develop Multinomial Logit (MNL) model by analysing the drunken and non drunken drivers involved in road crashes on Indian highways. Multinomial Logit model has been deployed to assess the influence of various parameters like vehicular, environment and geometric factors on the set of drivers who were found to be drunk at the time of getting involved in the road crash and those who were not under the influence of alcohol at the time of meeting with the road crash. The total economic cost of road crashes in the case of non-drunk driver road crash is Rs. 1046.27 million whereas in the case of drunk driver road crashes it is estimated to be Rs. 204.50 million. Further, it can be observed that economic cost of drunk driver road crashes is varying from 13 to 19 % across different types of road crashes.     

基于概率密度演化的斜拉索多级变幅时变疲劳可靠度分析

拉索是斜拉桥的主要受力构件,在车辆、风等交变荷载作用下易发生多级变幅疲劳损伤,而经典可靠度方法预测多级变幅时变疲劳可靠度难度大且计算效率低。针对这一问题,提出一种高效的多级变幅斜拉索时变疲劳可靠度预测方法。基于Miner累积损伤理论,建立同时考虑荷载和材料随机性的变幅疲劳损伤概率演化模型;构建应力幅出现频率指标,解决多级变幅疲劳损伤演化过程中偏微分方程难以确定问题,通过概率密度演化方法精确计算多级变幅时变疲劳可靠度,并采用五级变幅材料试验数据和某桥梁斜拉索的模拟数据验证所提方法的可行性。结果表明：所提方法的计算效率远高于蒙特卡洛方法;在小概率失效时,其计算精度高于蒙特卡洛方法。     

城市轨道交通噪声问题概述

分析了轨道交通中噪声的类别，产生的原因及传播方式，并从衰减振源、避免结构共振、隔离传播途径、吸声等方面提出了噪声的防治措施。     

动车组通过隧道时车外最大负压出现位置的理论分析

根据马赫波在隧道内的传播规律和叠加原理,提出了动车组通过隧道时车外最大负压出现位置的计算公式,该公式可为隧道设计参数的确定以及隧道内辅助设施的布置提供参考。     

畸形波模拟及其对近岸构筑物作用综述

畸形波是一种瞬时存在、具有较大波高的灾害性波浪,对近岸和海洋工程结构物都具有较大的破坏性。文中首先从畸形波的定义入手,通过分析畸形波的发生机理,引入畸形波模拟的探讨,总结畸形波对近岸构筑物作用的研究现状与发展趋势,并提出需要进一步研究的课题。     

岩溶隧道涌突水灾害发生机理与工程防治

研究目的:针对国内岩溶区长大隧道施工过程中频繁遭遇的涌突水灾害对工程造成重大损失和人员伤亡的现状,在调研国内外隧道涌突水灾害发生现状的基础上,利用薄板理论、剪切破坏理论对隧道涌突水灾害发生机理和过程特征进行了研究,旨在得到涌突水灾害的形成和发生条件、预防措施以及岩溶地段隧道的施工原则。研究结论:涌突水灾害的形成和发生,必须具备四个基本条件;由于隧道开挖引起围岩应力场变化和溶洞内水压作用,隔水岩板发生松弛,易导致灾害发生;岩溶地段隧道施工要遵循下述原则:排水降压、超前支护,以堵为主,堵排结合,浑水要堵,清水要排。     

基桩超声波检测的缺陷判断及成因分析

文章阐述了基桩超声波检测的工作原理,并结合基桩超声波检测实例,分析了钻孔灌注桩夹泥、人工挖孔桩离析、桩身空洞及蜂窝、声测管问题等基桩混凝土缺陷及其成因,提出了相应的预防措施。