低平板半挂车车架及前悬支架的有限元分析

针对某型低平板半挂车在早期行驶中出现车架及前悬支架的断裂情况,文章利用有限元软件对整车及关键零部件进行受力分析,结果表明：满载工况下车架及前悬支架存在多处应力集中,运行中易导致结构疲劳断裂。提出为防止局部结构的疲劳破坏,应加强焊接质量控制及消除焊接残余应力,改进后能确保低平板半挂车在预期使用条件下的安全。     

The tractor and semitrailer routing problem with many-to-many demand considering carbon dioxide emissions

The tractor and semitrailer routing problem with many-to-many demand (TSRP-MMD) is investigated in this study. The TSRP-MMD extends the existing studies on the rollon–rolloff vehicle routing problem (RRVRP) to a many-to-many problem with an intercity line-haul network background. To demonstrate and utilize the energy efficiency of the tractor and semitrailer combination, the TSRP-MMD takes carbon dioxide (CO₂) emissions per ton-kilometer as the objective. Because the problem is NP-hard, a modified Clarke and Wright Savings heuristic algorithm (CW) followed by an improvement phase and a local search phase is developed to solve the TSRP-MMD. The integer program is used to find optimum solutions for small-scale problems. The computational results show that the developed heuristics can be efficiently used to solve the problem.     

基于整车建模的半挂牵引车有限元分析

在调研国内外相关研究的基础上,对某半挂牵引车整车结构进行了建模,并对该牵引车进行了静态电测试验,为有限元分析提供实践依据,同时验证了有限元模型的正确性。利用已验证的有限元模型,分析了该牵引车在弯曲工况、扭转工况、紧急制动工况和紧急转弯工况下的应力分布和变形情况,同时对该牵引车整车结构进行了模态分析。     

半挂汽车及配套件技术发展趋势

随着国家基础设施投资力度的加大 ,公路建设飞速发展 ,半挂牵引车的速度动力也不断提高、完善 ,尤其是半挂汽车悬架、车轴、制动系统等方面要求也不断提高 ,同时对半挂汽车外形、色彩等方面也越来越看重     

Tractor–semitrailer model for vehicles carrying liquids

This article presents a model for solving solid–fluid interactions in vehicles carrying liquids. A tractor–semitrailer model is developed by incorporating suspension systems and tire dynamics. Owing to the solid–fluid interaction, equations of motion for the vehicle system are coupled. To simplify the complicated solution procedure, the coupled equations are solved separately using two different codes. Each code is analyzed separately; but as the parameters of the two codes depend on each other, the codes must be connected at the end of each time step. To determine the dynamic behavior of the system, different braking moments are applied. As the braking moments increase, braking time decreases. However, it turns out that increasing the braking moment to more than a certain level produces no significant results. It is also shown that vehicles carrying fluids need a greater amount of braking moments in comparison to vehicles carrying solids during braking. In addition, as the level of the fluid inside the tanker increases, from one-third to two-third of the tanker’s volume, the sloshing forces applied to the tanker’s walls increase. It was also concluded that the strategy used in this article to solve for the solid–fluid interaction by incorporating vehicle dynamic effects represents an effective method for determining the dynamic behavior of vehicles carrying fluids in other critical maneuvers.     

半挂汽车列车高速公路弯道下坡路段运行安全研究（双语出版）

为提升半挂汽车列车在高速公路弯道下坡路段的运行安全，采用TruckSim仿真软件，构建了车辆模型、道路模型和驾驶人动力学仿真模型；基于蒙特卡罗可靠性分析法，分别建立了半挂汽车列车发生侧滑失效、侧翻失效、折叠失效和系统失效的功能函数，并选取设计速度80 km·h^-1的高速公路为研究路段，通过进行大量车辆动力学仿真试验，对不同圆曲线半径、纵坡坡度、路面附着系数、车速和车辆总质量对半挂汽车列车的运行安全的影响进行了数值分析。研究结果表明：半挂汽车列车发生侧滑和侧翻的概率随着圆曲线半径的增加而显著降低，在一般最小半径400 m的情况下，半挂汽车列车发生侧滑失效和侧翻失效的概率趋近于0；随着下坡坡度的增加，半挂汽车列车发生侧滑失效和侧翻失效的概率基本呈线性增长趋势；车速对于半挂汽车列车运行安全的影响尤为显著，当车速均值由60 km·h^-1增加到90 km·h^-1时，发生侧滑失效和侧翻失效的概率分别增加了634倍和336倍；车辆总质量的增加对半挂汽车列车侧翻有显著影响；在路面附着系数较低的条件下，半挂汽车列车的主要事故形态为侧滑和折叠，在路面附着系数较高的情况下，半挂汽车列车的主要事故形态为侧翻。因此，在道路设计中，应避免极限最小半径与陡坡组合，严格限速和限载可确保半挂汽车列车的运行安全性能。     

半挂车承载轴偏斜角对车辆行驶性能影响及检测方法研究

半挂车承载轴偏斜会造成汽车的偏驶现象,为保持半挂车具有良好的技术状况,使其安全、低消耗的运行,最有效办法就是定期对半挂车承载轴进行检测和维修。在分析了半挂车承载轴偏斜角产生的原因及其对车辆使用性能影响的基础上,采用激光测距仪测出左右车轮边缘到半挂车铰接点的水平距离和光电编码器测出激光测距仪所转动的角度,利用距离和角度关系,建立了半挂车承载轴偏斜角的检测数学模型,通过研究,提出了承载轴偏斜角对车辆行驶性能评价的检测方法,为进一步研究承载轴偏斜对半挂车性能的影响提供了理论依据。     

散装物料运输车载荷模型与施加方法

结合工程研究实际,以半挂式散装水泥运输车的有限元分析为例,提出了其在多工况下水泥载荷模型和载荷施加方法。