Multi-objective re-synchronizing of bus timetable: Model,complexity and solution

This work is originally motived by the re-planning of a bus network timetable. The existing timetable with even headways for the network is generated using line by line timetabling approach without considering the interactions between lines. Decision-makers (i.e., schedulers) intend to synchronize vehicle timetable of lines at transfer nodes to facilitate passenger transfers while being concerned with the impacts of re-designed timetable on the regularity of existing timetable and the accustomed trip plans of passengers. Regarding this situation, we investigate a multi-objective re-synchronizing of bus timetable (MSBT) problem, which is characterized by headway-sensitive passenger demand, uneven headways, service regularity, flexible synchronization and involvement of existing bus timetable. A multi-objective optimization model for the MSBT is proposed to make a trade-off between the total number of passengers benefited by smooth transfers and the maximal deviation from the departure times of the existing timetable. By clarifying the mathematical properties and solution space of the model, we prove that the MSBT problem is NP-hard, and its Pareto-optimal front is non-convex. Therefore, we design a non-dominated sorting genetic (NSGA-II) based algorithm to solve this problem. Numerical experiments show that the designed algorithm, compared with enumeration method, can generate high-quality Pareto solutions within reasonable times. We also find that the timetable allowing larger flexibility of headways can obtain more and better Pareto-optimal solutions, which can provide decision-makers more choice.     

基于免疫进化ANN的雷达信号分选方法

介绍采用基于免疫进化算法的神经网络对雷达信号分选的实现方法。基于免疫进化算法的ANN采用全局搜索的优化方式，克服传统算法的固有缺陷，在收敛速度和性能上都有较大的提高。并用仿真结果表明，基于免疫进化算法的ANN对各种特殊体制的雷达信号分选都达到了较高的正确分选率。     

可变编组动车组运维一体化帕累托前沿分析

动车组运用和检修是铁路运输生产的重要过程，占据很大的成本比例. 为与客流需求相匹配，在未来实现跨线动车组列车在某些枢纽站组合和分解存在可能，充分考虑组合动车组类型一致性，动车组在不同运行线进行重联与分解的接续条件，动车组进行一二级修的里程和时间标准等，以动车组的正常接续和空走接续时间里程费用、一二级维修作业费用、动车组运用费用和动车组接续时间费用之和最小及动车组空走费用占比最小为双目标，构建基于可变编组条件下的动车组运用和维修一体化模型方法.应用改进的非支配排序遗传算法求解，将目标值进行帕累托前沿分析，发现两者很难同时达到最优.模型的计算结果体现了动车组担当长编组运行线任务前后的组合和分解过程，同时也进一步分析了在动车组类型归一化或者动车组维修地点不受限情况下动车组运用数量的变化，反应了相关运行参数对结论的影响.     

两跨24m连续多室异型箱梁桥梁格法分析

该文通过对异型箱梁桥有限元模型的建立、输出数据的整理及分析,说明异型箱梁桥的空间分析方法,为类似桥梁的结构分析及设计提供了参考。     

Turbo码S随机交织器的实现

Turbo码中交织器的设计直接影响着Turbo码的性能。在讨论Turbo码交织器的设计准则和类型的基础上,着重介绍了S随机交织器的原理,并给出了其一种基于冒泡排序算法的实现方法。仿真结果表明,中短长度的S随机交织器性能优良。     

The role of residential self-selection in land use-travel research: a review of recent findings

ABSTRACT

Residential self-selection (RSS) is an important concern in the land use-travel research. Although many studies have addressed RSS during the past two decades, empirical results are inconsistent in terms of the existence, magnitude, and direction of self-selection bias. Moreover, recent studies substantiated other plausible associations within the theoretical framework of RSS, such as the endogeneity of travel attitudes. These further complicate the role of RSS in the land use-travel relationship. To improve understanding, this paper summarises recent progress in the RSS research, especially the studies published in the last decade. Specifically, we review three types of influences among the built environment, attitudes, and travel behaviour, and discuss unsolved problems within each type. We also discuss measurement issues of the built environment and attitudes in the RSS research. Because attitudes could be confounders, moderators, and mediators of the link between the built environment and travel behaviour, we recommend panel data with at least three waves of household travel surveys to address the complicated influences of attitudes. Future research needs to be more process-oriented to better understand the nature of RSS and its complex roles in the land use-travel research.     

绿色通航视域下过坝船舶预约调度双目标优化研究

针对船舶到达不均衡和供需时空不匹配导致的水利枢纽通航拥堵问题,建立过坝船舶预约的双目标决策模型,优化船舶平均等待时间和到达调整率,探讨两者之间的权衡关系;进一步考虑船舶的失约情形,设计过坝预约的重调度规则。然后,利用非支配排序遗传算法的gamultiobj函数求解模型,并探讨预约机制实施前后的碳减排效果。最后,以三峡枢纽为例,验证模型的有效性。结果表明：该模型在平均等待时间和到达调整率的权衡中,得到了多样化的预约调度方案,并通过合理分配预约份额,有序管理船舶到达。同时,与原调度方案相比,理想和失约情形下的预约调度方案,可分别带来27.51 t和20.04 t的最大碳减排量;且重调度策略使到达调整率的均值降低了2.7%,减少了失约的干扰影响。     

基于改进离散差分算法的航班延迟推出策略分析

针对大型枢纽机场日益严重的场面拥堵及由此导致航空公司延误成本增加和乘客等待时间增长等问题,基于ACDM的基本思想,在给定推出率下诠释了虚拟队列理论,设计了航班推出决策的协调流程,实现利用机位等待代替跑道起飞排队等待,不仅可以减少场面拥堵和航班延误,对提高航空公司经济效益也有重要意义.提出了乘客等待时间最短和推出等待成本最小2 种策略和航班延误成本的计算方法及相关约束指标.分别针对小、中、大不同规模航班量的5 组实际运行数据,采用基于指针运算机制的离散差分算法求解优化推出策略,并对该算法进行改进.实例表明,通过对虚拟队列航班次序的调整,乘客的平均延误时间缩短5.15%~12.66%,航空公司延误成本减少19.16%~26.0%.     

基于混合算法的阶段计划解编作业的研究

根据编组站阶段计划实际作业流程,通过在车组配流完成后,以晚点列车总数量最少为目标,确定列车的解体/编组次序建立的解体,编组计划模型.经实例验算证明算法的可靠性、有效性.为鳊组站阶段计划的自动编制提供了一个良好的决策参考.     

集卡提箱预约配额与场桥配置的联合优化

在集卡提箱预约中,集装箱码头场桥配置和预约配额的联合优化是缩短集卡等待时间,提升资源利用率的关键. 针对提箱作业的实际特点,构建了双目标整数规划模型,设计了基于非支配排序遗传算法的求解方法. 当码头需求较少时,采取动态调整随机分配场桥最佳;当码头需求较高时,采取动态调整与按需配置相组合的方式最佳. 以国内某码头为原型,通过不同规模的算例实验,验证了模型和算法的有效性. 所提方法可快速生成高质量、多样化的前沿解,实现了场桥资源与集卡作业需求的匹配优化,为码头管理者在资源投入与集卡等待时间的权衡中,提供了决策支持.