京哈线秦沈段道砟飞溅防治技术的应用研究

京哈线秦沈段是采用有砟轨道结构的高速铁路,列车高速通过时,道床上的道砟在强大的风力作用下飞溅,击打线路设备、列车走行部,严重时击打列车玻璃危及旅客的人身安全和行车安全。此文在分析道砟飞溅成因的基础上,通过研究与试验,研制出一种固定道床表面砟石的粘结胶,经现场试验证明,该粘结胶能够很好地解决道砟飞溅的问题,具有广泛地推广应用价值和前景。     

Two-dimensional numerical simulation of water splash phenomena with and without surface tension

Two-dimensional numerical analyses were conducted and analyzed to simulate water splash produced by free falling object models starting from the resting position. The equilateral prism-shaped object models were allowed to fall onto the free surface of the water. The moving-particle semi-implicit (MPS) method was used to solve the unsteady Navier-Stokes equation for incompressible fluid flows with and without the surface tension effect. Froude numbers of 0.75, 1.0, and 1.25 were used with different model sizes for the entry velocity at the free surface. Splashes obtained by numerical computation closely agreed with the experimental results. The surface tension force, the Froude number, and the Weber number were found in these calculations to play major roles in determining various types of splash shapes. Model size was found to influence splash phenomena, even if the Froude number remained the same. The dependencies on these two nondimensional numbers and the fundamental law of similarity on water splash with and without the surface tension effect were thoroughly investigated in this research. Several two-dimensional numerical simulations are presented in this article to describe the hydrodynamic behaviors of water splash with and without the surface tension effect.     

采用滤纸色斑法对雨滴直径的研究

滤纸色斑法是一种雨滴粒径测量方法,应用广泛,操作简单,成本低廉.文中采用滤纸色斑法研究不同水滴高度对色斑直径的影响和率定水滴直径与色斑直径间的关系.研究结果表明,雨滴高度对色斑直径有一定影响,率定色斑直径和雨滴直径的关系为d = 0.478D0.610.从房县地区实测的滤纸色斑数据计算得到,雨滴动能与降雨强度成正相关,以此作为研究水土流失量的基础.     

海洋浪溅区钢结构腐蚀与复层包覆防护实践

针对海洋浪溅区钢结构保护的长效防护问题,论述了复层包覆防护技术(PTC)。应用实践表明,该技术对于浪花飞溅区部位的钢铁设施具有优异的保护效果,使用寿命最长已超过30 a。大量工程的应用为该技术的优化升级和适应性提供了宝贵的借鉴,为以后相关工程的实施提供了明确的工程规范。     

LBM方法数值模拟飞溅流动的影响因素研究

文章采用格子Boltzmann单相自由面模型模拟飞溅流动问题,以楔形体入水问题为模拟对象,研究了网格精细度、计算域、水动力相似参数对飞溅效果的影响。研究表明,亿量级网格下入水飞溅射流及飞溅端部的细小液滴结构十分清晰,模拟结果明显优于百万量级、千万量级网格;计算域超过模型尺度3倍后飞溅效果不受影响;以自由液面面积S的增长率η为比较参数,当Re数、Fr数较小时对飞溅效果有明显影响,大于一定数值后,飞溅效果基本一致。     

铁路散装颗粒货物表面固化技术的研究

针对散装颗粒货物运输过程中的扬尘、飞溅问题,结合铁路运输实际,研制出了在颗粒货物表面喷洒固化粘结剂,喷洒在颗粒货物表面能形成连续、牢固的固化层。大量的试验室试验和现场运用表明：采用相应的喷洒方法和喷洒工艺,固化粘结剂抑尘防溅效果非常显著。     

包覆防护系统在高桩码头钢管桩维护中的设计与应用

结合我国华南地区处于海水环境的某码头工程钢管桩的维护,分析钢管桩的腐蚀特点,对比选择防腐蚀措施,最终在钢管桩腐蚀最严重的浪溅区及水位变动区选用了包覆防护系统设计并进行工程实践论证。有效解决了该区域传统措施防护年限不足的难题,取得优异的防护效果,为类似工程的设计及施工提供参考。     

低速物体入水溅落声特性研究

在水池中利用声压水听器和矢量水听器对实验模型低速入水产生的溅落声进行了一系列测量实验,对低速物体溅落声信号的波形特征、声源强度随入水角的变化规律以及频谱特性进行了初步分析,并给出了一些实验结果.