基于结构疲劳动态可靠性分析的船舶结构概率损伤容限设计

本文根据结构可靠性理论，提出了一种基于结构疲劳动态可靠性分析的损伤容限分析方法，给出结构疲劳裂纹随机扩展过程中疲劳寿命分布和结构疲劳可靠性的表达式。在给定与疲劳寿命有关的各参数条件下求得动态可靠性曲线，从而在结构设计中根据可靠性要求确定或选择设计参数。     

嵌入式计算机系统中的故障注入技术

故障注入技术越来越广泛地运用于嵌入式系统容错能力的确认和验证中.介绍了几种常用的故障注入技术及其相关原理和特点,并且针对嵌入式系统中的几种常用故障注入工具,描述了它们的体系结构及属性.     

苛求软件可靠性方法、技术与模型研究

从瀑布式程序设计的角度,综述了苛求系统软件生命周期各阶段的可靠性方法、技术和模型,包括需求形式化建模与验证、屏蔽设计错误的多版本软件容错、函数式程序设计以及可靠度评估模型等。总结比较各自适用的开发阶段、面向的目标错误类型及优缺点。     

基于3DCS的前盖与翼子板平整度偏差分析

本文围绕某车型前盖和翼子板平整度虚拟分析超差展开,利用三维偏差分析软件3DCS建立尺寸仿真模型,模拟工装装配过程,计算前盖和翼子板平整度超差概率及各影响因素贡献量。通过优化车身工装定位点的位置,结合车身GD&T图纸相应公差调整,最终有效改善了虚拟分析的结果。     

自动化轨道吊门腿形式对轨道运行公差的适应性

针对自动化轨道吊"双刚腿"和"一刚一柔"两种门腿形式,根据技术参数和计算工况,分析在不同轨道运行公差情况下的适应性,并结合2种门腿形式轨道吊的运行案例,提出对堆场基础沉降导致轨道变形的敏感性,为码头建设单位轨道吊选型提供参考。     

软土参数反分析方法及其在沉降预测中的应用

沉降预测与控制是当前客运专线设计、施工组织的关键技术,为保证沉降预测的准确程度,必须合理选取计算参数。采用黏弹塑(西原)模型模拟土骨架,并结合软土变形的大位移、大应变及渗透固结的特点,建立模拟施工过程的软土路基双重非线性固结分析有限元模型。以实测信息与计算信息的相对残差平方和最小为目标,引入考虑测点观测精度的加权值,建立根据多种测试信息进行参数反分析的目标函数,并采用Monte-Carlo法和可变容差法相结合的优化技术,对目标函数进行约束优化,较好地解决了可变容差法易于陷入局部最优解的难题。通过参数分组、初步试算、综合调整等步骤,建立了分阶段多层次动态施工反分析方法,从而使反分析所得计算参数具有明确的物理意义。实际工程应用表明,参数反分析方法本构关系清楚、物理意义明确,所得计算参数能较好地反映现场的实际情况,可准确预测沉降。     

高原人群出行拥挤感知与调适行为研究

为缓解高原城市节日期间部分路段人流过于密集的状况,对高原人群出行过程中的拥挤感知和调适行为进行研究。首先,在对高原人群高度自由走行速度、生理尺寸进行测定的基础上,采用连续人群流动模型分别对高原人群拥挤临界密度、人群运动速度减小时的人群密度和人群停滞状态时的最大密度进行测算,进而标定高原人群最大忍受密度为8.5人/m2。然后,选取雪顿节期间八廓南街人流短时间内高度聚集的状况进行拥挤状况评估,结果显示该路段人群密度为8.34人/m2,接近高原人群最大忍受密度,因此判定八廓南街存在拥挤事故风险。最后,依据基于层次分析法的高原人群拥挤感知影响因素分析结论,提出相应的调适行为措施,力求维护民族宗教节日期间高原城市公众正常的出行秩序。     

Editorial Comment

This article examines fundamental questions concerning the origins and evolution of academic transport studies and the dynamics of its historical development. These fundamental questions are generally little discussed, yet are vital in gaining a better understanding of how the subject is driven forward. This article therefore attempts to answer these questions by taking the UK as a case study, with the principal method being evidence from semi-structured interviews with 20 senior figures integrally involved in the development of the subject. The characterization of transport studies provided by Allsop is employed as an analytical framework, enabling the construction of a historical narrative that can provide salient insights. Thus, it is argued that for academic transport studies the degree of early cross-fertilization with public arenas has meant that subsequent developments have been shaped by the subject's contextual environment. Most prominent among these developments has been the trend towards wider disciplinary breadth. This article examines the evolution of these processes, while the concluding section discusses their implications for consequent strengths and limitations of the subject.     

An Innovative On-Board Computer for Space Robot

In this paper an on-board computer system for the first Chinese Intelligent Space Robotic System was presented. A fault tolerance design on on-board computer （OBC） was proposed that allows commercial-off-the-shelf （COTS） devices to be incorporated into dual processing modules of on-board computer. The processing module is composed of 32-bit ARM RISC processor and other COTS devices. This innovative approach deeply relies on light weight/low cost equipment development using commercial miniaturized parts and non-space qualified technologies. As well as, a set of fault handling mechanisms was implemented in the computer system. The on-board software was organized around a set of processes that communicate between each other through a routing process. The qualification experiment shows that the fault tolerant on-board computer has excellent data processing capability and is enough to meet the demanding of the extremely tight constraints on mass, volume, power consumption and space environmental conditions.     

单纯多滤泡卵巢妇女的糖代谢水平的变化

目的研究单纯多滤泡卵巢(MOF)妇女的糖代谢水平,探讨其与胰岛素抵抗及体重的关系。方法46例MOF妇女及30例正常对照女性,口服75g葡萄糖,行糖耐量试验(OGTT)及同步胰岛素释放试验(IRT),用稳态模型胰岛素抵抗指数(HOMA IR)测评胰岛素抵抗。结果①MOF糖耐量低减的发生率为10.87%,明显高于对照组3.33%(P<0.05)。胰岛素抵抗的发生率为30.43%,对照组为10.00%,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。②两组的性激素水平,即FSH、LH、PRL、E2、T和P的差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。③糖耐量低减妇女BMI与胰岛素抵抗呈正相关(r=0.567,P<0.05)。结论单纯多滤泡卵巢妇女存在一定程度的糖代谢异常;肥胖和胰岛素抵抗是导致糖耐量异常的主要原因。MOF肥胖妇女应行OGTT监测糖代谢状况。