供水特性对水润滑橡胶轴承衬套的影响

以船用水润滑橡胶轴承为研究对象,采用热-流-固耦合模型,研究水膜对水润滑橡胶轴承橡胶衬套的热传递及受力变形的影响,并通过控制变量法,探究供水特性对其温升和受力变形的影响。结果显示:水膜和橡胶的温度呈现出一种偏移的梯度变化;橡胶的受力变形呈现出带弧状的梯度分布;供水速度对橡胶温升和受力变形的影响显著,供水温度和密度对其受力变形的影响程度也不容忽略。     

基于精准供给教学团队建设的路径与成效--以广东生态工程职业学院林业技术专业群为例

教学团队的建设是职业教育的关键,高质量的师资力量能够明确人才培养目标、保证教学质量、推动专业建设、实现人才的精准供给。文中以广东生态工程职业学院林业技术专业群为例,基于精准供给的视角,总结了教学团队建设的路径:一是构建合理的团队结构;二是建立团队带头人管理机制;三是建立"传帮带"培养模式;四是推进校企合作机制;五是构建技能学习型团队;六是强化信息化教学。实践证明,加强教学团队的建设,对促进专业的发展、实现人才精准供给具有积极的作用。     

泰国三机场高铁列控系统方案研究

对泰国三机场高铁项目的列控系统选择要求进行分析,提出列控系统方案并进行综合比选,最后提出泰国三机场高铁项目的列控系统推荐方案,研究成果可以为海外项目列控系统方案选择提供一定的参考。     

ROV attitude control based on multi-motor cooperative propulsion北大核心CSCD

[目的]为了提高遥控水下航行器(ROV)在复杂水下环境中的姿态控制性能,开展多电机协同推进的ROV姿态控制研究。[方法]首先,针对多电机系统的结构和算法,分别提出一种基于PID速度补偿器的偏差耦合结构和一种新型非奇异终端滑模控制(SMC)算法,并设计一种新颖的基于多电机协同推进的ROV姿态控制方法;然后,建立ROV的运动学和动力学模型,开展推进器组推力建模分析、解耦简化ROV动力学模型研究;最后,设计一种ROV滑模姿态控制器。[结果]仿真结果表明,所提的结构和算法可提高多电机系统的抗干扰性、同步性和快速响应能力,进而提高ROV姿态控制系统的稳定性与鲁棒性。[结论]所提方法可为ROV姿态控制提供一种新的可用方案。     

新型DC 600 V列车供电系统输出电压振荡解决方案

新一代复兴号动力集中动车组列车供电柜,首次采用二电平PWM整流器输出DC 600 V为客车供电。由于负载前端串联EMI滤波器,在负载投入时供电柜的滤波电感和EMI电容发生振荡,引起输出电压振荡。文章为抑制输出电压振荡,对输出端并联RC吸收电路和滤波电感并联RC两种方案分别进行讨论和验证,通过对主电路结构分析,认为滤波电感并联吸收电阻方案为最优。最后通过仿真和试验验证所提方案的可行性和有效性。     

基于网络测度的宝鸡至汉中铁路功能定位研究

针对铁路规划项目功能定位定性分析为主的客观性不足问题,以宝鸡至汉中铁路为研究对象,选取节点间旅客交流时间或节点间运输距离为权重,运用Space L构造法建立区域铁路客、货运输网络拓扑结构模型;采用复杂网络分析方法,基于"有无对比"思想及等级化线路技术标准,结合应用Pajek软件与R软件,测算区域铁路运输网络直径、平均距离、边介数、网络效率等加权特征参数,以及非加权特征参数集聚系数进行网络测度分析,并进行网络最小生成树分析;以网络分析结果为基础,从路网、通道、客运、货运四个方面对铁路规划项目功能进行定量化综合定位,宝汉铁路为宁陕及陇东地区与川渝地区间南北纵向新通道的骨架干线,是一条以货为主、客货共线的区域路网干线铁路。     

基于多维网络的增开列车条件下高速铁路列车运行图调整

研究增开列车条件下高速铁路列车运行图的调整问题,并综合考虑列车车站进路的影响。通过构建Time-Station-Track三维时空扩展网络,刻画列车对铁路时空资源的占用。将原多目标优化问题转化为求解列车占用网络弧段最小费用单目标问题,并构建基于Time-Station-Track网络的0-1整数规划模型。针对模型特点,设计拉格朗日松弛算法,将问题进一步分解为求解单列车网络最短路径子问题,由于问题被松弛后求得的解可能不可行。因此,提出基于列车优先序列的启发式策略对对偶解进行可行化。最后以宝兰客运专线为例,验证模型的正确性和算法的可行性。     

Economic and ecological optimization of electric bus charging considering variable electricity prices and CO2eq intensities

In many cities, diesel buses are being replaced by electric buses with the aim of reducing local emissions and thus improving air quality. The protection of the environment and the health of the population is the highest priority of our society. For the transport companies that operate these buses, not only ecological issues but also economic issues are of great importance. Due to the high purchase costs of electric buses compared to conventional buses, operators are forced to use electric vehicles in a targeted manner in order to ensure amortization over the service life of the vehicles. A compromise between ecology and economy must be found in order to both protect the environment and ensure economical operation of the buses.In this study, we present a new methodology for optimizing the vehicles’ charging time as a function of the parameters CO_2eq emissions and electricity costs. Based on recorded driving profiles in daily bus operation, the energy demands of conventional and electric buses are calculated for the passenger transportation in the city of Aachen in 2017. Different charging scenarios are defined to analyze the influence of the temporal variability of CO_2eq intensity and electricity price on the environmental impact and economy of the bus. For every individual day of a year, charging periods with the lowest and highest costs and emissions are identified and recommendations for daily bus operation are made. To enable both the ecological and economical operation of the bus, the parameters of electricity price and CO₂ are weighted differently, and several charging periods are proposed, taking into account the priorities previously set. A sensitivity analysis is carried out to evaluate the influence of selected parameters and to derive recommendations for improving the ecological and economic balance of the battery-powered electric vehicle.In all scenarios, the optimization of the charging period results in energy cost savings of a maximum of 13.6% compared to charging at a fixed electricity price. The savings potential of CO_2eq emissions is similar, at 14.9%. From an economic point of view, charging between 2 a.m. and 4 a.m. results in the lowest energy costs on average. The CO_2eq intensity is also low in this period, but midday charging leads to the largest savings in CO_2eq emissions. From a life cycle perspective, the electric bus is not economically competitive with the conventional bus. However, from an ecological point of view, the electric bus saves on average 37.5% CO_2eq emissions over its service life compared to the diesel bus. The reduction potential is maximized if the electric vehicle exclusively consumes electricity from solar and wind power.     

“天鲲号”超大型自航绞吸船辅钢桩门装置设计

针对自航绞吸船在艏部设置辅钢桩定位系统存在的影响航速等问题，“天鲲”号超大型自航绞吸挖泥船提出了在艏部设置钢桩门的解决方案。该解决方案不仅可以保持完整的艏部线型，减小航行阻力，而且还可以减小辅钢桩甲板作业空间。本文介绍了“天鲲”号辅钢桩门装置的设计方案，以及辅桩钢桩门结构设计，最后提出了辅钢桩门开闭油缸等关键设备的选型计算方法及选型结果。本文可为超大型自航绞吸式挖泥船的辅钢桩门装置的设计分析提供参考和设计思路。     

合资铁路重组背景下省级铁路平台可持续发展对策

在铁路行业高度垄断,铁路运营普遍效益欠佳和地方政府财力有限的现实环境下,特别是国铁集团近年来大力推行“一省一公司”合资铁路重组整合的改革,对省级铁路平台的发展带来了新的巨大的问题挑战,本文结合当前在全国大力推行的合资铁路重组改革的背景,分析了省级铁路平台在改革中将面临的重大问题,包括既有投融资能力难以支撑大规模规划项目建设、已建铁路运营大规模亏损、铁路行业建设运营高度垄断严重以及铁路土地综合开发进展迟缓等一系列问题,并针对以上问题提出相关的对策建议。