浪涌发生器放电回路的分析

根据电磁兼容试验和雷电冲击试验过程中所使用模拟浪涌发生器的工作原理,结合现行标准中普遍执行的8/20μs和10/700μs试验波形,通过二阶微分方程求解和MATLAB计算仿真,得到不同波形模拟浪涌发生器放电回路的组成及元器件参数,为浪涌试验中出现的问题提供分析方法和解决办法。     

铅酸蓄电池放电特性研究

电动汽车具有低污染、低排放、低能耗、低噪声、高效率等优点,在环境保护和新能源利用等方面具有无可比拟的优势,是解决能源危机和环境污染问题较为有效的途径。蓄电池作为电动汽车的动力源,直接影响着电动汽车的动力性和经济性,因此本文针对应用最普遍、技术最成熟的铅酸蓄电池放电特性进行研究。本文首先对铅酸蓄电池的放电原理进行研究,建立了铅酸蓄电池放电模型,基于蓄电池综合测试系统进行了不同放电倍率下的放电试验,最后应用归一化数学方法建立了蓄电池放电试验模型,获得了蓄电池端电压与SOC的关系曲线,为蓄电池的进一步研究奠定了试验基础和理论模型。     

Impact of stop-and-go waves and lane changes on discharge rate in recovery flow

In an effort to uncover traffic conditions that trigger discharge rate reductions near active bottlenecks, this paper analyzed individual vehicle trajectories at a microscopic level and documented the findings. Based on an investigation of traffic flow involving diverse traffic situations, a driver’s tendency to take a significant headway after passing stop-and-go waves was identified as one of the influencing factors for discharge rate reduction. Conversely, the pattern of lane changers caused a transient increase in the discharge rate until the situation was relaxed after completing the lane-changing event. Although we observed a high flow from the incoming lane changers, the events ultimately caused adverse impacts on the traffic such that the disturbances generated stop-and-go waves. Based on this observation, we regard upstream lane changes and stop-and-go waves as the responsible factors for the decreased capacity at downstream of active bottlenecks. This empirical investigation also supports the resignation effect, the regressive effect, and the asymmetric behavioral models in differentiating acceleration and deceleration behaviors.     

电动式调节阀流量参数的评价及应用

介绍了电动式调节阀的流量参数评价及应用方法,即通过试验评价,确定电动式调节阀自盲区当量步数、泄漏当量步数及流出系数。利用这些参数,对流体管道进行闭环控制,可以实现对流体的流量调节。     

Arterial travel time estimation based on vehicle re-identification using wireless magnetic sensors

A practical system is described for the real-time estimation of travel time across an arterial segment with multiple intersections. The system relies on matching vehicle signatures from wireless sensors. The sensors provide a noisy magnetic signature of a vehicle and the precise time when it crosses the sensors. A match (re-identification) of signatures at two locations gives the corresponding travel time of the vehicle. The travel times for all matched vehicles yield the travel time distribution. Matching results can be processed to provide other important arterial performance measures including capacity, volume/capacity ratio, queue lengths, and number of vehicles in the link. The matching algorithm is based on a statistical model of the signatures. The statistical model itself is estimated from the data, and does not require measurement of ‘ground truth’. The procedure does not require measurements of signal settings; in fact, signal settings can be inferred from the matched vehicle results. The procedure is tested on a 1.5 km (0.9 mile)-long segment of San Pablo Avenue in Albany, CA, under different traffic conditions. The segment is divided into three links: one link spans four intersections, and two links each span one intersection.     

基于放电特性的动车组乙丙橡胶电缆绝缘老化表征参量及灵敏性研究

搭建动车组乙丙橡胶(EPR)电缆绝缘放电检测系统,制备4组分别近似等效EPR电缆绝缘在90℃下运行960,1 920,7 680和15 360 h的绝缘样品,在柱板电极系统下对其进行局部放电测试,将放电过程分为放电起始、放电发展、放电平稳和放电激发(S1-S4) 4个阶段;计算正负半周放电总能量差ΔW,分析放电量q-相位φ归一化谱图的偏斜度Sk和正负偏斜最大相似度|ΔSk|min;对最大放电量qmax作改进型Z-score规范化,计算规范化正值z+的频数比例P (z+)和最大正值zmax。结果表明:老化程度较深的EPR电缆绝缘,ΔW在S3阶段之前波动更明显,且在S3阶段ΔW<0;表征参量Sk随放电发展呈现递减速度逐渐变缓的单调性,能明显区分放电阶段,但对EPR电缆绝缘老化程度反应不够灵敏;表征参量|ΔSk|min用于表征EPR电缆绝缘老化程度反应较灵敏,当S2和S3阶段的P (z+)及zmax表征参量辅助使用时,|ΔSk|min的灵敏性显著提高。     

一种新型臭氧发生单元的研制

根据臭氧发生器电晕放电功率方程式,采用内电极预冷及对高介电搪瓷绝缘材料直接水冷的新型放电单元,臭氧发生器的气体放电频率可在高频运行,提高了臭氧发生器的效率并有效的改善了臭氧管的性能。     

斜坡-直立式防波堤码头施工组织

本文以某渔港防波堤码头工程为实例,介绍和总结了斜坡-直立式防波堤码头工程的施工技术、经验、组织。     

Experimental investigation of nozzle cavitating flow characteristics for diesel and biodiesel fuels

This study was performed to clarify criteria for cavitation inception and the relationship between flow conditions and cavitation flow patterns of diesel and biodiesel fuels. The goal was to analyze the effects of injection conditions and fuel properties on cavitating flow and disintegration phenomena of flow after fuel injection. To accomplish this goal, it was utilized a test nozzle with a cylindrical cross-sectional orifice and a flow visualization system composed of a fuel supply system and an image acquisition system. In order to analyze the rate of flow and injection pressure of the fuel, a flow rate meter and pressure gauge were installed at the entrance of the nozzle. A long distance microscope device equipped with a digital camera and a high resolution ICCD camera were used to acquire flow images of diesel and biodiesel, respectively. The effects of nozzle geometry on the cavitating flow were also investigated. Lastly, a detailed comparison of the nozzle cavitation characteristics of both fuel types was conducted under a variety of fuel injection parameters. The results of this analysis revealed that nozzle cavitation flow could be divided into four regimes: turbulent flow, beginning of cavitation, growth of cavitation, and hydraulic flip. The velocity coefficient of diesel fuel was greatly altered following an increase in flow rate, although for biodiesel, the variation of the velocity coefficient relative to the rate of flow was mostly constant. The cavitation number decreased gradually with an increase in the Reynolds number and Weber number, and the discharge coefficient was nearly equal to one, regardless of cavitation number. Lastly, it could not observe cavitation growth in the tapered nozzle despite an increase in fuel injection pressure.     

放电驱动探测激光光源的研究

探测激光光源是用来诊断激光器的实验室工具。本文介绍了一种小功率的连续波直流放电驱动的激光器件,试验证明该器件结构简单,耗气量低,光束质量高,可作为探测激光光源。