激光扫描仪在测量车身间隙面差中的应用

车身间隙影响车辆的密封性,进而影响车身振动噪声及防风雨性能。传统人工检测耗时长,无法满足在线测量的需求,因此现在整车制造厂正在采用激光扫描仪来测量车身的间隙面差以代替人工测量,文章介绍了激光扫描仪的测量原理以及间隙面差的计算方法,并在实际案例中对测量结果进行了分析。     

润滑机理对汽车发动机性能的影响综述

发动机作为汽车中最为复杂精密的机电一体部件,长时间处于高温、高压、高磨损运行工况,且需要满足长寿命、高效率、低能耗、强动力、低污染等一系列标准指标,而汽车发动机运转时零件间的摩擦以及燃烧等产生的颗粒都会对其性能造成恶劣影响,所以润滑对于发动机性能提升尤为重要。综述当前汽车发动机润滑机理,分析润滑油在使用过程中对发动机动力、油耗和排放的影响,并且在最后设想一种新的润滑机理,以弥补发动机的制造缺陷和颗粒的影响,改善汽车发动机的关键性能。     

Augmented Reality Vehicle system: Left-turn maneuver study

Augmented Reality “AR” is a promising paradigm that can offer users with real-time, high-quality visualization of a wide variety of information. In AR, virtual objects are added to the real-world view in real time. The AR technology can offer a very realistic environment for enhancing drivers’ performance on the road and testing drivers’ ability to react to different road design and traffic operations scenarios. This can be achieved by adding virtual objects (people, vehicles, hazards, and other objects) to the normal view while driving an actual vehicle in a real environment. This paper explores a new Augmented Reality Vehicle “ARV” system and attempts to apply this new concept to a selected traffic engineering application namely the left-turn maneuver at two-way stop-controlled “TWSC” intersection. This TWSC intersection experiment, in addition to testing the feasibility of the application, tries to quantify the size of gaps accepted by different driver’s characteristics (age and gender). The ARV system can be installed in any vehicle where the driver can see the surrounding environment through a Head Mounted Display “HMD” and virtual objects are generated through a computer and added to the scene. These different environments are generated using a well defined set of scenarios. The results from this study supported the feasibility and validity of the proposed ARV system and they showed promise for this system to be used in the field-testing for the safety and operation aspects of transportation research. Results of the left-turn maneuver study revealed that participants accepted gaps in the range of 4.0-9.0 s. This finding implies that all gaps below 4 s are rejected and all gaps above 9 s are likely to be accepted. The mean value of the left-turn time was 4.67 s which is a little bit higher than reported values in the literature (4.0-4.3 s). Older drivers were found to select larger gaps to make left turns than younger drivers. The conservative driving attitude of older drivers indicates the potential presence of reduced driving ability of elderly. Drivers’ characteristics (age and gender) did not significantly affect the left-turn time. Based on the survey questions that were handed to participants, most participants indicated good level of comfort with none or small level of risk while driving the vehicle with the ARV system. None of the participants felt any kind of motion sickness and the participants’ answers indicated a good visibility and realism of the scene with overall good system fidelity.     

与液压间隙调节器有关的参数变化对气门机构动力学计算结果的影响

通过模拟计算考察了在有液压间隙调节器的气门机构中,柱塞—柱塞套间隙、机油温度、供油压力以及高压腔机油内混气变化对有直动式HLA的某气门机构的动力学特性的影响。结果表明,柱塞—柱塞套间隙、机油温度和压力变化对模拟计算结果影响很小;凸轮轴低转速时,柱塞—柱塞套间隙、机油温度对计算结果的影响比高转速时略大些;HLA高压腔机油混气对气门机构动力学计算结果有很大影响。     

A measurement to driving situation awareness in signalized intersections

Drivers get involved easily in Left-Turn Across Path with Opposite Direction Traffic (LTAP-OD) conflicts at signalized intersection with unprotected left-turn phasing. This study classified the left-turn drivers’ performance into four types: (1) the correct acceptance of safe lags/gaps, (2) the correct rejection of dangerous lags/gaps, (3) the false rejection of safe lags/gaps and (4) the false acceptance of dangerous lags/gaps. Based on the high mounted video camera data, the logistic regression model was used to obtain the critical gaps for estimating whether the lags/gaps were safe or not. The results show that the cognition behavior of the left-turn drivers should be improved while the gap/lag is drawn near the critical gap. Furthermore, the conservative drivers are more likely to reject the larger lags/gaps and yield the right-of-way to the opposing vehicles. Simultaneously the poor response execution may cause drivers to have difficulties during the turning performance when the lags/gaps are large enough. These results could be used as the basis for a discussion of the right time to support the drivers.     

基于VC的转辙机视频缺口监测系统软件设计

用VC作为开发平台,采用MFC类库,利用VC6.0基于对话框的模板,设计了转辙机缺口视频监测软件系统。该系统实现了转辙机缺口视频监测信息、数据的采集和存储,数据、图片和视频的实时显示、历史查询、自动报警等功能。给出了软件的总体设计方案;阐述了该软件的各功能模块;并给出了系统的运行界面和应用模式。     

于探索性空间数据分析方法的铁路网对旅游产业空间发展差异的影响研究 ——以江苏省为例

为了研究铁路网对旅游产业空间格局变化产生的影响,以江苏省为例,参考其铁路2010—2016 年相关数据,采用探索性空间数据分析方法对该省的旅游产业空间差异情况进行分析。首先,运用ArcMap软件绘制出随着铁路网的完善,各市旅游人数和旅游收入增长率的变化图;接着分别在宏观和微观视角下,运用全局和局部空间相关性模型对数据进行处理分析,验证铁路网对旅游产业格局变化产生的影响。结果表明,铁路网对节点城市和欠发达地区的旅游产业影响尤为明显;各城市旅游经济发展增速与铁路发展成熟度呈正相关。因此,各市根据空间结构变化趋势合理调整旅游产业,不仅是旅游经济向高质量发展转型的客观要求,也是减少各城市间旅游产业空间差距的必经之路。     

CRTSⅡ型板式无砟轨道结构层间早期离缝研究

在不同气候条件下现场观测CA砂浆灌注施工时的轨道板温度,得到实测的轨道板温度梯度。建立轨道结构力学计算模型,计算轨道板在实测温度梯度作用下的温度翘曲变形及应力。研究表明:气温和太阳辐射是影响轨道板温度梯度的主要因素;板面温度对温度梯度起控制作用;CA砂浆水化热对温度梯度有一定影响;在1d中,轨道板正、负温度梯度的交替变化引起温度翘曲压、拉应力的交替变化,是产生轨道结构层间早期离缝的最主要原因。因此,在早期温度场控制中,可采用有效的隔热或保温措施控制轨道板板面温度,避免出现较大的轨道板温度梯度,导致产生较大的温度翘曲应力,并根据CA砂浆强度增长规律,尽量延长扣压装置和精调千斤顶的拆除时间,从而有效地减少轨道结构层间早期离缝。     

网闸在昆明铁路局TD结合升级改造中的应用

概述TDCS、TMIS以及TD结合的基本概念，介绍了网闸的概念及实现原理，指出了昆明铁路局TD结合的现状、存在的主要问题以及应用网闸的升级改造方案。旨在通过网闸在昆明铁路局TD结合的应用，为今后TD结合新的方案提供一些借鉴。     

等效间隙元在钢拱架施工中的应用

根据剩余荷载增量的迭代演算法求解受正弦荷载作用的有间隙连接杆件,并用温度力等效间隙对比计算,二者结果一致,再根据桑坝大桥拱架模型,用两种方法对比计算,二者结果也一致,证明了用温度力等效计算间隙元的正确性和实用性。