Evaluating determinants of attractiveness and their cause-effect relationships for container ports in Taiwan: users’ perspectives

The attractiveness of ports is usually a pre-requisite and necessary condition for ports to achieve competitiveness, as well as the springboard to explore the competitive advantages of ports. To determine whether a port is competitive, it is necessary to explore whether it boasts certain factors that make the port attractive to users. The main purpose of this article is to apply the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) method and the Decision Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory (DEMATEL) technique to evaluate key determinants of attractiveness and their cause/effect relationships for container ports in Taiwan. The empirical results showed that: (1) Top six determinates of attractiveness for container ports are ‘ample cargo sources,’ ‘favorable port charges,’ ‘dense ship network and routes,’ ‘low transshipment costs,’ ‘efficient wharf operations,’ and ‘adequate wharfs and back-line land,’ respectively. (2) Among the above six determinants of attractiveness, ‘ample cargo sources’ is the cause determinant. Three determinants of port attractiveness, ‘favorable port charges,’ ‘dense ship network and routes,’ ‘low transshipment costs,’ which are the effect determinants. They are affected by the determinants of attractiveness of ‘ample cargo sources’. In addition, this study discusses the above findings and expects to provide the study results to Taiwan’s port authorities for reference.     

A stochastic optimization approach for the selection of reflective cracking mitigation techniques

PurposeIn Hot Mix Asphalt (HMA) overlays, the existing cracks in the underlying pavements can propagate upward to the new added overlay and may cause Reflective Cracks (RC). These cracks allow water infiltration to the underlying layers and causes further moisture damage as well as weakening the unbound layers. Over the years, several methods have been developed for mitigating the RCs. This study aims to investigate the current reflective cracking mitigation methods and develop a methodology for the selection of appropriate mitigation technique. The developed model is then applied to a case study in the state of Florida.MethodTo accomplish this goal, a nationwide literature review was conducted to better understand the current in practice methods in the United States. Moreover, a life cycle cost analysis (LCCA) in five different road types was performed to find the annuity of roadway rehabilitation for each of the mitigation methods. The uncertainty in the LCCA results is represented using Exploratory Modeling and Analysis (EMA) method. Then through a Multi Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) model, a stochastic optimization model was developed to find the appropriate reflective cracking mitigation solution under Florida’s climate and road conditions, based on different cost and performance weights.ResultsBased on the available data for the state of Florida, the LCCA results indicate that the annuity of maintaining the roadway with Fabrics and ISAC are lower compared to other methods. However, the results of stochastic optimization model reveal that while looking at the performance and cost at the same time, different methods would be more feasible. For instance, while the cost of the used method does not matter at all and only performance matters, STRATA® is more probable to be the appropriate mitigation technique. The findings of this research are critical for decision makers to better understand the most cost-effective mitigation technique in different conditions.     

铁路集装箱运输径路辅助决策系统的研究

对集装箱运输径路的选择和管理,是集装箱运输管理的一项技术问题之一.以往是依靠经验选择,因此效率低,决策慢.用计算机解决此问题是最佳方法.针对铁路集装箱运输径路辅助决策系统的构成图、车流径路方案及其算法进行了研究.     

摩托车油泥模型制作方法探讨

摩托车油泥模型被以日本为代表的许多国家广泛采用。我国新车模型的造型油泥都采用日本或德国进口的专业油泥,目前主要采用“外敷法”制作车体。应重视对专业模型师的培养,这将更有利于设计效率的提高。     

海上智能交通系统体系的构建与实现

海上智能交通系统构建的关键是实现船舶航行自动化和对海上交通能够实行有效的管理,从宏观角度可归结为船舶的避碰。但以往的避碰研究都对信息的交流考虑不够。基于系统的思想,我们认为把协商决策引入船舶避碰才能发挥系统整体的最佳效能,提出了建立海上智能交通系统的框架与结构体系,并探讨了其具体实现及关键技术和问题。最后对其未来发展进行展望,给出了相关建议。     

编制机车周转图的优化模型

指派问题算法模型和最小费用最大流模型是机车周转图优化的基本算法和模型,对解决部分双机牵引情况下的机车运用优化问题,具有一定的局限性。通过建立线性整数规划模型,可以解决铁路现场出现的列车运行图成对或不成对,列车单机牵引、全部双机牵引或部分双机牵引等多种情况下的机车周转方案的优化问题。为了简化求解过程,提高模型的实用性,在保持通用性的前提下,先后将整数规划模型转化为最小费用循环流和最小费用给定流模型。实际应用表明,最小费用给定流模型除了以上多种情况外,还可以解决客货分别勾画机车交路的优化运用问题。由于最小费用给定流模型具有很强的通用性,简化了程序设计工作,应用该模型并结合铁路实际情况开发的软件已在乌鲁木齐铁路局经过现场测试,使用情况良好。     

筑路机械设计技术经济效益评价

本文较为详细地论述和分析了筑路机械的技术经济效益及评价(其中包括在考虑使用概率特点条件下的筑路机械及其应用的主要技术经济效益指标),生产率、技术水平、竞争性、新技术和发明效益的确定方法,以及筑路工程机械技术经济效益的计算实例.     

无机结合料稳定土的无侧限抗压试件的制作

现场制作无侧限抗压试件是评定公路基层、底基层质量好坯的重要手段和最直接的方法。它也为质量监理人员控制基层混合料搅拌质量提供了最有效的办法。根据工作实践，对无机结合料稳定土的无侧限抗压试件制作过程中的试模选择、试件制作、试件养护、强度评定提出注意事项。     

浅谈动稳定度车辙试件制作方法

动稳定度能较好的反映沥青路面在高温季节抵抗车辙的能力。车辙试件成型质量的优劣直接影响到动稳定度数值的大小。对动稳定度车辙试件制作方法进行了阐述,旨在供技术同行参考。     

钢管拱肋加工制作工艺

文章结合银川绕城高速公路大西湖特大桥工程实例，从钢管拱肋管节划分方法、制作加工精度要求、拱肋加工工艺流程、制作方法等方面介绍了钢管拱肋的加工制作工艺，并提出了工艺制作中的注意事项。