An analysis of the determinants of children’s weekend physical activity participation

This paper examines the out-of-home, weekend, time-use patterns of children aged 5–17 years, with a specific emphasis on their physical activity participation. The impact of several types of factors, including individual and household demographics, neighborhood demographics, built environment characteristics, and activity day variables, on physical activity participation is analyzed using a joint nested multiple discrete–continuous extreme value-binary choice model. The sample for analysis is drawn from the 2000 San Francisco Bay Area Travel Survey. The model developed in the paper can be used to assess the impacts of changing demographics and built environment characteristics on children’s physical activity levels.     

Using the built environment to oversample walk,transit, and bicycle travel

Characteristics of the built environment (BE) have been associated with walk, transit, and bicycle travel. These BE characteristics can be used by transportation researchers to oversample households from areas where walk, transit, or bicycle travel is more likely, resulting in more observations of these uncommon travel behaviors. Little guidance, however, is available on the effectiveness of such built environment oversampling strategies. This article presents measures that can be used to assess the effectiveness of BE oversampling strategies and inform future efforts to oversample households with uncommon travel behaviors. The measures are sensitivity and specificity, positive likelihood ratio (LR+), and positive predictive value (PPV). To illustrate these measures, they were calculated for 10 BE-defined oversampling strata applied post-hoc to a Seattle area household travel survey. Strata with an average block size of <10 acres within a ¼ mile of household residences held the single greatest potential for oversampling households that walk, use transit, and/or bicycle.     

黄山市慢行交通系统规划研究

在当前能源供应趋紧、城市交通拥堵加剧的背景下,规划完善的慢行交通系统,对于促进城市综合交通体系的可持续发展具有重要意义。基于黄山市慢行交通现状,明确黄山市慢行交通的功能定位和发展策略,构建主次搭配的分级慢行交通网络,并提出慢行设施的设置标准。     

基于BOD模式的慢行交通体系分析——以杭州为例

近年来,以自行车交通为主导的BOD开发模式在国内外得到广泛应用。许多国家和城市纷纷采取措施建设城市慢行交通体系,以缓解小汽车带来的交通压力。以杭州为例,阐述了以公共交通为骨架、自行车交通为主导的慢行交通体系构建理论,分析了该体系在杭州实施的现状与成功经验．同时指出现存问题与不足．并针对未来发展方向提出建议。     

Economic impact of non-motorized transportation in Indian cities

Lack of a clear understanding regarding the economic impacts of non-motorized modes is a major reason why they are excluded from the transportation development agenda of cities in India. Keeping this aspect in mind the present study has been divided in to two parts. The first part tries to understand the non-motorized traffic evolution in India. It focuses on the declination of non-motorized modes, necessity to revamp it, the favorable conditions to promote them in India and the relative problems associated with it. It is found here that there is a necessity for defining the role of non-motorized modes in India for the viable implementation of infrastructure and policies related with it.     

英国与荷兰非机动化交通模式比较研究

非机动化交通模式以其低能耗、健康、低消费、缓解交通拥堵等优势被认为是生态化且可持续化的绿色交通发展模式。近些年来,英国政府与荷兰政府提出了一系列的政策措施,加强了对交通安全的教育,用于降低机动化交通速度,促进非机动化交通模式的发展。通过对比发现非机动化交通配套设施在英国的发展远不及荷兰完善,且荷兰的非机动化交通与其他模...     

苏州高新区绿宝广场商业区慢行交通组织方案的优化设计

本文以苏州高新区绿宝广场为例,研究了商业区域内部慢行交通的设计步骤和方法,从进出口管理、机动车和非机动车流线出发,梳理了内部交通流;增加和改进非机动车停车场（库）,强调非机动车地位;加强人行步道和休憩设施的建设,提高步行景观性;增加停车诱导和步行导向设施,对绿宝广场的慢行系统规划多方面提出了近期意见。     

A detailed analysis of how an urban trail system affects cyclists’ travel

Transportation specialists, urban planners, and public health officials have been steadfast in encouraging active modes of transportation over the past decades. Conventional thinking, however, suggests that providing infrastructure for cycling and walking in the form of off-street trails is critically important. An outstanding question in the literature is how one’s travel is affected by the use of such facilities and specifically, the role of distance to the trail in using such facilities. This research describes a highly detailed analysis of use along an off-street facility in Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA. The core questions addressed in this investigation aim to understand relationships between: (1) the propensity of using the trail based on distance from the trip origin and destination, and (2) how far out of their way trail users travel for the benefit of using the trail and explanatory factors for doing so. The data used in the analysis for this research was collected as a human intercept survey along a section of an off-street facility. The analysis demonstrates that a cogent distance decay pattern exists and that the decay function varies by trip purpose. Furthermore, we find that bicyclists travel, on average, 67% longer in order to include the trail facility on their route. The paper concludes by explaining how the distance decay and shortest path versus taken path analysis can aid in the planning and analysis of new trail systems.

友好型非机动车交通评价指标体系的构建

慢行交通在我国越来越受到重视,非机动车交通作为慢行交通的重要组成部分,其发展好坏直接关系到慢行交通的发展,甚至关系到整个交通系统能否健康发展．本文首先分析了我国非机动车交通存在的问题;接着在友好型非机动车交通理念的指导下,提出了友好型非机动车交通的概念,分析了友好型非机动车交通的影响因素,进而建立了友好型非机动车交通评价指标体系,对评价指标进行了量化;最后应用层次分析法进行评价指标权重的确定,并利用加权综合指数模型进行综合评价。     

中心城区非机动车交通规划方法与技术研究

对非机动车交通规划与设计关键技术的研究重点进行了分析,在此基础上,从非机动车交通道路网规划、非机动车交通路段规划、非机动车交通交叉口规划、非机动车交通停车设施规划、交叉口非机动车交通设计和公交站点区非机动车交通组织6个方面对非机动车交通规划与设计关键技术进行了研究,希望能对我国城市非机动车交通规划与设计的发展起到一定的指导作用。