集装箱专用平车加装承载板实现滚装运输技术研究

为弥补应急情况下滚装运输所需平车数量缺口,同时为完善车辆自身应急保障能力,分析集装箱专用平车用于滚装运输需求,针对集装箱专用平车用于滚装运输存在的主要问题,提出在不改变车体结构前提下,通过加装承载板实现滚装运输的解决思路。结合集装箱专用平车结构特点,分析承载板的数量、尺寸、材质,设计承载板由承载面、横支撑架、渡板、斜支腿、受力面、绳拴构成,给出加装改造方法,并通过校核承载能力和研究适运范围,研究加装改造后的集装箱专用平车滚装运输能力,得出改造后的集装箱专用平车可以满足大部分滚装运输货物运输需要。     

砰击载荷下轻质波纹夹芯夹层板动力响应特性分析

文章对轻质波纹夹芯夹层板(Light Weight Corrugated-Core Sandwich Plates,LWCCSP)在不同入水速度下(1-6 m/s)的流-固耦合非线性动力学行为进行了分析。建立了气—液—固三相数值模型,通过显式动力求解获得了轻质波纹夹芯夹层板砰击压力的分布特点及结构变形规律,并与同等质量的加筋板在流固砰击下的非线性力学行为进行了对比,并研究了轻质波纹夹芯夹层板主要设计参数对其砰击响应的影响。研究结果表明,轻质波纹夹芯夹层板较同等质量的加筋板表现出更好的抗砰击性能;下面板厚度、芯层厚度的增加在一定范围内可以有效提高轻质波纹夹芯夹层板的抗砰击性能。     

大型油罐底部边缘板的设计与焊接施工

大型油罐底部边缘板所受应力很大,并且容易腐蚀,罐壁与罐底边缘板连接区域容易断裂,严重影响油罐的安全使用,在设计和焊接施工中必须予以重视。分析了大型油罐底部边缘板的强度条件,介绍了边缘板的厚度设计、宽度设计方法,以及大型油罐底部边缘板的焊接施工方法及防腐焊接处理方法。     

考虑应变率效应的船体板格冲击动力响应与结构强度准则研究

针对承受冲击载荷的船体板格,提出一种考虑材料动态特性的失效评估准则,并采用LS-DYNA对其合理性进行了验证。此方法考虑了材料的应变率效应对其屈服强度特性的影响以及冲击时间临界值对船体板格最大永久变形的影响,反映了结构动态失效行为特征,具有一定的工程意义和参考价值。     

Ultimate collapse tests of stiffened-plate ship structural units

An increasingly popular approximate method for assessing ship hull girder ultimate strength is to combine the individual elasto-plastic load-carrying characteristics of each single stiffened-plate unit comprising the ship hull cross section. In order to evaluate methods (numerical and experimental) for developing the load-carrying characteristics (load–shortening curves), a full-scale testing system was designed and constructed to provide data for stiffened steel plate units under combined axial and lateral loads. The system included an assembly of discrete plate edge restraints that were developed to represent symmetric boundary conditions within a grillage system. Twelve full-scale panels including ‘as-built’, ‘deformed’ and ‘damaged’ specimens were tested in this set-up.

The specimens failed by combined plate and flexural buckling, stiffener tripping or local collapse, depending on the magnitude of lateral loads and local damage. Load-shortening curves associated with different failure modes were found to be distinctly different and it was found that a small lateral load could change the failure mode from flexural buckling to tripping. Current design criteria should directly consider effects of the lateral loads on the failure modes and the collapse loads of stiffened plates.     

EH47高强度厚钢板角焊缝裂纹修补工艺研究

随着造船业飞速发展,大量高厚度、高强度、高韧性的钢板被应用于大型集装箱船的上甲板区域。EH47是工业革新的最新成果,它的屈服强度高,被使用于万箱级集装箱船的上甲板区域。某船厂10000 TEU船舱口围钢板与舾装件角焊缝发生开裂,通过有限元计算出裂纹发生的可能性,并分析了开裂发生的原因,针对结构特点和材料特点,采用CO2气体保护焊焊补,通过选用合理的焊丝、预热温度、焊后保温等措施来防止裂纹的产生。