Ontologies for transportation research: A survey

Transportation research relies heavily on a variety of data. From sensors to surveys, data supports day-to-day operations as well as long-term planning and decision-making. The challenges that arise due to the volume and variety of data that are found in transportation research can be effectively addressed by ontologies. This opportunity has already been recognized – there are a number of existing transportation ontologies, however the relationship between them is unclear. The goal of this work is to provide an overview of the opportunities for ontologies in transportation research and operation, and to present a survey of existing transportation ontologies to serve two purposes: (1) to provide a resource for the transportation research community to aid in understanding (and potentially selecting between) existing transportation ontologies; and (2) to identify future work for the development of transportation ontologies, by identifying areas that may be lacking.     

Adopting Context Mediation in Information Integration to Resolve Semantic Heterogeneity in Distributed Environment

Ontology-based semantic information integration resolve the schema-level heterogeneity and part of data level heterogeneity between distributed data sources. But it is ubiquitous that schema semantics of information is identical while the interpretation of it varies with different context, and ontology-based semantic information integration can not resolve this context heterogeneity. By introducing context representation and context mediation to ontology based information integration, the attribute-level context heterogeneity can be detected and reconciled automatically, and hence a complete solution for semantic heterogeneity is formed. Through a concrete example, the context representation and the process in which the attribute-level context heterogeneity is reconciled during query processing are presented. This resolution can make up the deficiency of schema mapping based semantic information integration. With the architecture proposed in this paper the semantic heterogeneity solution is adaptive and extensive.     

基于语料库的英语近义词隐喻功能分析

文章通过对比语法结构相同的近义词(组)各自的搭配来分析它们的语义差异和隐喻功能,借助BNC和COCA两个大型语料库把对近义词的研究从单纯词汇语义扩展到语法结构和隐喻功能,保证了研究结果的精确性,并为隐喻研究提供了新的方法。     

一种基于语义分割结果的车道线检测拟合方法

车道线等地面标志物的检测是自动驾驶车辆环境感知的重要内容,能够为车辆提供可行驶区域的信息。文章提出一种基于语义分割结果的车道线检测拟合方法。使用车载单目相机获取车辆行驶过程中采集的道路图像,送入卷积神经网络进行车道线语义分割。将分割得到的仅含车道线的二值图像进行透视变换得到鸟瞰图,筛选有效车道线像素点,对有效车道线点使用最小二乘法进行多项式拟合,输出左右车道线多项式拟合系数,能够有效解决传统车道线检测算法的环境适应性差,鲁棒性不强,对弯道车道线检测信息不够准确等问题。     

从语义角度论语言的不确定性

文章介绍了语言不确定性产生的原因,并从语义角度分析了语言不确定性的主要表现形式及其语用功能。通过对语言不确定性的探讨与研究,可以加深对语言规律的认识,把握其形式和内容的对应关系,更好地体味语言的蕴涵,提高英语的运用能力和鉴赏能力。     

英汉对应词的语义差别与翻译教学

文章列举了美汉互译中部分对应词的语义差别现象。并分析了其产生的原因,阐述了民族文化对语言的彤成、发展和变化产生着深刻的影响,指出了翻译教学应在文化研究的大语境下来进行。最后就如何在翻译教学中融入文化教学谈了一些看法．     

语义网发展对大学生网络思想政治教育的挑战与对策

文章在分析大学生网络思想政治教育背景的基础上,研究了网络发展与大学生网络思想政治教育工作之间的联系,论述了以语义网为代表的Web 3.0带给思想政治教育工作者新的挑战,并针对如何应对新技术提出了一些对策,以期有助于推动新技术在网络思想政治教育工作中的应用。