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排水性沥青路面不同于开级配抗滑磨耗层,具有更为优越的功能。为获得较大的空隙率,以提高排水和降噪效果,减少堵塞,粗集料粒径由小粒径向大粒径发展,而空隙率与集料级配有关。为防止松散,提高适应重交通的能力,沥青结合料趋于更加黏稠,直投式高黏度沥青改性剂得到开发和应用。目前排水性沥青路面结构主要为单层,发展起来的双层结构更有利于防止堵塞。国内现已成功研发排水性路面养护机。在最新制订的地方性规范中,提出了以零剪切黏度代之以毛细管黏度计测试的黏度。 相似文献
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STP系统通过无线通信方式进行车地数据交互,需要在室外架设地面通信天线。现场信号楼附近一般无铁塔或者由于既有铁塔负荷不足等原因,需要通过在楼顶架设支架的方式安装STP系统地面天线,并制作避雷针,然而支架的制作却无理论依据或者相关规范可供参考。通过分析讨论天线支架安装位置、天线相对楼顶平台安装高度、天线与避雷针间距、天线与避雷针夹角等,总结出现场条件下各相关参数的具体数值,为指导现场施工安装提供参考,以满足无线通信和防雷相关要求。 相似文献
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对目前全路大量使用的直流转辙机控制电路进行了分析,指出了其存在不符合设计规范的问题,并提出了改进方案.文中所提的改进方案均有实际使用,运行良好. 相似文献
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Vehicle platooning, a coordinated movement strategy, has been proposed to address a range of current transport challenges such as traffic congestion, road safety, energy consumption and pollution. But in order to form platoons in an ad-hoc manner the vehicles have to ‘speak the same language’, which is in current practice limited to vehicles of particular manufacturers. There is no standard language yet. Also in research, while the current literature focuses on platoon control strategies, intra-platoon communication, or platooning impacts on traffic, the conceptualization of platooning objects and their operations remained unattended. This paper aims to fill this fundamental gap by developing a formal model of platooning concepts. The paper proposes an ontological model of platooning objects and properties and abstract basic building blocks of platoon operations that can then be aggregated to complex platooning behavior. The presented ontological model provides the logical reasoning to support vital decision-making during platoon lifecycles. The ontological model is implemented and demonstrated. 相似文献
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ERTMS is the standard railway control-command and signaling system which aims to ensure railway interoperability throughout Europe while enhancing safety and competitiveness. ERTMS is composed of two main subsystems which include GSM-R, a radio system for enabling communication between the train and the traffic management center and ETCS, an automatic train protection system (ATP) to replace the existing national ATP systems. The ERTMS specifications are defined by means of standard documents which set out the requirements ensuring interoperability. These documents evolve regularly to give rise to successive versions. The ERTMS/ETCS standard defines different levels and operation modes according to various trackside and onboard setups and some operational conditions. Given the complexity and the high criticality of railway operation, verification and validation (V&V) are crucial tasks in railway application development.In this paper, after setting the background and the motivations, a mechanizable formalization of a subset of ERTMS/ETCS specifications relative to ETCS modes and transitions is developed. The present work aims to offer a readily available model for formal V&V. Using formal techniques to check SRS is highly recommended to tackle the complexity of the defined requirements and prevent specification errors. Model-checking technique, which is targeted here, offers exhaustive analysis of the system behavior based on its model and is highly automated, since it is supported by software tools. Based on the last available version of SRS specifications, a progressive process is undertaken to get a formal model which makes explicit the various modes characterized by their respective active functions, as well as the numerous combinations of conditions for switching between modes. The various steps guiding the translation of the SRS literal specifications into a formal model are explained. As will be shown through different examples, the obtained model is a convenient basis to check safety, interoperability and liveness properties. 相似文献
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茅蓉蓉 《南通航运职业技术学院学报》2014,(4):42-44
文章对15000DWT散货船货舱区域进行全纵骨和全横骨两种骨架形式的结构规范设计,并针对两种骨架形式分别计算货舱结构的总纵强度,最后对两种骨架形式进行了比较,为船舶设计中骨架形式的选取具有一定指导和借鉴意义。 相似文献
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概述废轮胎橡胶沥青在美国的发展与应用情况,在大量文献的检索与整理中,介绍了废轮胎橡胶粉多种制作工法、相关检测规范及质量控制指标,讨论了今后我省废轮胎橡胶沥青应用研究方向。 相似文献