Development and prospects of initial alignment method for strap-down inertial navigation system北大核心CSCD

Initial alignment technology is directly related to the navigation accuracy and startup time of the strap-down inertial navigation system (SINS), and has always been regarded as a challenging focal point in the research field of inertial navigation. This paper makes a comprehensive survey of SINS initial alignment technology, briefly introduces the basic principles of initial alignment without latitude, coarse alignment with known latitude and precise alignment, and points out their advantages, disadvantages and applicable conditions. The research and effects of existing initial alignment error suppression techniques are then analyzed and discussed. Finally, according to the problems of existing initial alignment methods and the development requirements of the carrier, the future research direction of SINS initial alignment technology is predicted. © 2022 Journal of Clinical Hepatology. All rights reserved.     

浅谈构筑物错位纠偏在工程中的应用

分析工程错位事故发生的原因和处理错位事故的方法(错位纠偏),并提出具体的处理措施。     

用称重传感器实现倾角虚拟测量

将虚拟测量技术应用于平台倾角的测量,提出了用称重传感器测量倾角的设想,并通过实验加以验证,发现该方法存在一定的测量误差,但误差分布规律性较强,应用误差补偿方法以减小实际测量误差。经过补偿,使称重传感器测量倾角的实际误差大大减小,最大相对误差为0.375%F.S.,最大绝对误差为0.1687°,达到了较高的测量精度,完全可以满足工程实际倾角测量的精度要求。     

工程平面控制网置平平差的方法研究

提出一种将秩亏自由网平差和三参数坐标转换相结合的平面控制网平差方法,其特点是在平差过程中控制网整体网形不因上级控制点点位的改变而变化。首先介绍秩亏自由网平差及其精度评定的原理,推导进行控制网三参数坐标转换及对置平后的控制网进行精度评定的数学模型。仿真计算结果证明了对传统边角控制网而言,置平平差较约束平差具有更强的抗原始数据误差的能力,是一种工程平面控制网平差的新方法。     

防错技术在城市轨道交通运营管理中的应用

城市轨道交通的系统构成和运营组织结构的特点包括专业多、覆盖面广、联动性强等,这些特点给保持长期的安全平稳运营带来很大挑战,反思各地城市轨道交通运营的事故案例,发现人为错误是最易出现也是最难控制的。从防错技术的提出、人为错误机理、防错核心思想入手,分析防错技术在城市轨道交通中应用的重要性;依据运营实际需求,提出防错技术应用的原则和推广实施"三阶六步"法,并结合运营实践进行案例分析。     

沥青路面铺面缺陷与施工机械的振幅选择

通过对笔者单位一台ABG Titan423沥青摊铺机工作时出现的故障和解决过程的分析,介绍了ABG摊铺机在摊铺厚度较薄时熨平板夯锤和震动器的正确调整方法.并且Ingersol-rand DD110双钢轮振动压路机在出现类似故障时,也可以用同样的方法解决.     

桥梁施工控制中高程测点模型系统误差的消除

为识别误差，将高程测量系统模型分为高程测量模型和高程测点模型。文中对预应力混凝土桥梁悬臂施工控制中主梁高程测点模型的系统误差进行详细分析．并通过采取合理措施进行消除。同时分析指出，施工规范中利用主梁顶面高程作为施工控制的质量标准。理论上可行。而实际获取的顶面高程结果可能无效。建议采用主梁底面高程作为施工控制的质量标准。     

Centrifuge modelling of pipe-soil interaction in clay with crust layer

Seabed in regions, such as the Gulf of Guinea and North West Shelf of Australia, may exhibit a crust layer where the undrained shear strength can be an order of magnitude higher than that of the immediately underlying sediment. This can complicate design of steel catenary risers, where fatigue depends on the cyclic vertical stiffness of the pipe-soil interaction. Potential punch-through of the riser into the underlying soft soil may invalidate design assumptions based on the pipe-soil stiffness within the crust layer. The long-term evolution of pipe-soil stiffness within the crust layer, which exhibits similar properties to an over-consolidated soil, is also poorly understood. This paper describes centrifuge model tests undertaken in a clay sample with a crust layer, simulating the punch-through process of a pipe under load control and investigating the pipe-soil stiffness during long-term cyclic loading tests under displacement control. Results confirm that the potential for punching-through the crust layer depends strongly on the relative ratio of pipe diameter to crust layer thickness. The long-term evolution of pipe-soil stiffness showed a steady increase after an initial remoulding stage in contractile soils (normally consolidated and lightly over-consolidated), but a steady reduction in the heavily over-consolidated, more dilatant, crust. The magnitude of pipe-soil stiffness changes (during both remoulding and reconsolidation) is governed by the over-consolidation ratio of the soil and the amplitude of the cyclic displacements. This study provides insights on the relevant cyclic stiffness to consider when assessing SCR fatigue life in over-consolidated soils and soils exhibiting a superficial crust layer.     

轨道安全监测中传感器优化配置研究

为了研究轨道结构安全监测中传感器的合理配置方法,确保城市轨道交通安全运营,通过建立桥上交叉渡线道岔模型和钢轨应变传递误差最小的目标函数,提出传感器测点选择依据和监测方案评价标准,保证监测方案的经济性、合理性。结论表明:模型数据曲线可以指导监测系统的测点位置选择;随着传感器测点数量增加,监测误差逐渐减小,但在误差比率的"拐点"后增加单位个数传感器带来的收益降低;通过建立误差最小准则的目标函数,结合误差指标可以评价和优化传感器布设方案;钢轨位移、附加力等指标的监测方案也可以通过本文方法确定。