活塞调节升降式信息战水下平台技术及应用

针对未来海战的需求,提出了一种活塞调节升降式信息战水下平台.该平台利用螺旋传动原理,通过电机螺杆机构的驱动,使平台内部若干个活塞沿简体向平台外围有序地伸缩运动,引起平台某一部位的体积随其改变,导致系统浮力发生变化,据此实现平台在水中自主升降、自行定深漂浮、搭载不同类型的信息战功能模块、各种海洋环境监测设备、卫星通讯装备等功能.文章对该平台在未来海战中的具体应用给予了详细叙述,对其组成及功能进行了简单介绍,对升降漂浮控制原理、工作过程进行了重点论述.     

空心板梁砼模板压力试验

针对砼浇筑和振捣过程中产生的模板侧压力和上浮力,分析了侧压力的特点和影响因素,在此基础上开展空心板试验梁侧压力和上浮力现场试验,测试结果与现行公式作比较,结果吻合良好.     

浮力驱动式水下滑翔机姿态调节机构研究

浮力驱动式水下滑翔机对我国海洋勘探和国防建设有着重要的应用前景。本文介绍了水下滑翔机的工作机理,对某一滑翔机,重点设计了实现姿态调整的横滚控制组件和俯仰控制组件,同时提出总体布局的原则,并给出了滑翔机总体结构布局方案。对所设计的滑翔机的总体衡重参数和流体动力参数进行了计算,初步验证了总体设计方案的可行性,可以满足设计指标要求。     

抬浮力打捞工程船艉轴轴承热力学有限元仿真

以12 000 t抬浮力打捞工程船为例,采用COMSOL Multiphysics有限元分析软件中的热力学模块对艉轴轴承的散热情况进行研究。介绍轴系布置和艉轴管空舱,分析油膜建立情况下的艉轴轴承热平衡和工作压力分布,进行轴系与艉轴管空舱的热力学有限元仿真。仿真结果满足艉轴轴承的相关要求,并在实船试航中得到验证,表明可取消常规的艉轴管冷却水舱。     

超高速磁浮车-轨道梁竖向耦合振动分析

针对超高速磁浮车-轨道梁竖向耦合振动的问题,提出一种基于轨道梁有限单元模型和磁浮力比例-积分-微分(PID)控制器模型的分析方法。为提高计算效率,整体耦合系统以磁浮力为界,分为车辆和轨道梁2个子系统,车-梁之间的振动耦合则通过PID控制器计算的磁浮力来完成。组成耦合系统的子系统分别采用振型分解法和四阶龙格库塔法计算其振动响应。为验证方法的有效性以及了解超高速磁浮车桥耦合振动特性,使用Mathematica编程进行超高速磁悬浮车-轨道梁的耦合振动分析,得到运行速度为600km/h的车辆和轨道梁的动力响应。研究成果可为超高速磁浮轨道结构设计和关键技术研究提供参考。     

驱逐舰烟气排放过程数值仿真及同模型试验比较研究(英文)

The exhaust smoke dispersion for a generic frigate is investigated numerically through the numerical solution of the governing fluid flow, energy, species and turbulence equations. The main objective of this work is to obtain the effects of the yaw angle, velocity ratio and buoyancy on the dispersion of the exhaust smoke. The numerical method is based on the fully conserved control-volume representation of the fully elliptic Navier-Stokes equations. Turbulence is modeled using a two-equation(k-ε) model. The flow visualization tests using a 1/100 scale model of the frigate in the wind tunnel were also carried out to determine the exhaust plume path and to validate the computational results. The results show that down wash phenomena occurs for the yaw angles between ψ =10° and 20°. The results with different exhaust gas temperatures show that the buoyancy effect increases with the increasing of the exhaust gas temperature. However, its effect on the plume rise is less significant in comparison with its momentum. A good agreement between the predictions and experiment results is obtained.     

大深度载人潜水器浮力块的加工和安装

介绍了满足大深度载人潜水器要求的浮力块的使用条件和技术要求;根据各类浮力块的组成和工艺性能,提出了浮力块的粘接、机加工和表面处理、以及安装工艺。由于潜水器的载体框架是由钛合金焊接而成,而浮力块是由浮力材料毛坯粘接并经过数控机床加工而成,这样在载体框架和浮力块中由于加工方法的不同,造成了加工精度的不相称,从而导致浮力块安装时二者之间不匹配的矛盾。通过对载体框架和浮力块装配尺寸链的分析和计算,采用极值互换法,成功地解决了浮力块在载体框架上的安装难题,满足了潜水器的安装技术要求。所获得的经验和工艺参数将为深海水下机器人浮力块加工和安装提供依据,为编制我国大深度载人潜水器入级和建造规范提供参考。     

50000DWT半潜船总体设计综述

50000DWT半潜船是船院为中远航运开发设计的新一代大型半潜船,具有载货能力强、操作灵活方便、安全环保等显著特点。文章介绍该船的总体设计,首先简要介绍半潜船的基础知识、半潜船运输市场的现状和发展前景,其次介绍该船的设计概况和主要技术特点,然后分析了规则规范的选取和适用情况,最后重点从总体布置设计和总体性能计算两个方面进行展开,对该船总体设计上的特点和难点、与常规货船的差异、所采取的技术措施、运营中的安全保障、操作要点等进行了详细的分析比较和论证。     

Possible remedies for intact stability hazards involving contemporary small inland passenger ferries in Bangladesh

On the basis of previous studies, a series of hazards involving the typical small inland passenger ferries operating in inland Bangladeshi waters have been identified. In particular, stormy weather conditions, overloading, and the risk of crowding to one side have been determined as the typical events that are likely to lead to capsizing in the intact condition. In this article, possible hazard mitigation measures are discussed, both from the regulatory and from the design point of view, for a small inland ferry that is very similar to one that actually capsized in the past. The addressed design options involve ballasting and hull modification by means of additional buoyancy above the waterline. From a regulatory point of view, it is proposed that the present weather criterion in force in Bangladesh be modified by increasing the wind speed to be accounted for and by considering the concurrent effects of wind, rolling, and the crowding of people to one side.     

两个气泡相互作用的某些动力特性研究

文章采用边界积分方法模拟三维水下气泡的动力特性,详细阐述气泡计算的数学模型和数值实施过程,探究了三种不同浮力参数情况下(无重力、弱浮力、强浮力)气泡的演变情况。计算结果表明,在不同的浮力参数下,气泡形状和射流特点有着显著的区别,射流形成和发展与重力有着密切的联系。文中计算了两气泡在不同距离和不同强度参数下的相互作用的特点,为气泡动力特性的研究提供了参考。