TSH RECEPTOR GENETIC ALTERATIONS IN THE AUTONOMOUSLYFUNCTIONING THYROID ADENOMAS

Objective To determine the relationship between TSH receptor gene mutations and autonomously functioning thyroid adenomas (AY‘]rAs). Methods The thyroid samples from 14 cases of diagnosed AFTAs were analyzed, with normal thyroid specimens adjacent to the tumors as controls. The 155 base pairs DNA fragments which encompassed the third cytoplasmic loop and the sixth transmembrane segments in the TSH receptor gene exon 10 were amplified by Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and analyzed by the single-strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP). Direct sequencing of the PCR products was performed with Prism Dye Terminator Cycle Sequencing Core Kit.Results 6 of 14 AFTA specimens displayed abnormal migration in SSCP analysis. In sequence analysis of 3 abnormally migrated samples, one base substitution at nucleotide 1957 (A to C) and two same insertion mutations of one adenosine nucleotide between nucleotide 1972 and 1973 were identified. No mutations were found in controls. Conclusion This study confirmed the presence of TSH receptor gene mutations in AFTAs; both one-point substitution mutation and onebase insertion mutation were found to be responsible for the pathogenesis of AFTAs.     

L-精氨酸对实验性结肠癌的作用与机理

目的　研究L 精氨酸在Wistar大鼠实验性结肠癌中的作用及其机制。方法　用致癌物1 ,2 二甲基联苯 (DMH)每周 1次皮下注射 2 0周建立大鼠结肠癌模型 ,给予L 精氨酸溶液口服 ,对照组皮下注射EDTA ,大鼠共分为 6组 ,每组 1 8～ 2 0只。 2 2周后处死动物 ,研究肿瘤特性、全血淋巴细胞对有丝分裂素PHA的反应、T细胞亚型 (CD2 ,CD4,CD8)及血浆胃泌素浓度变化。结果　精氨酸可明显降低结肠癌的体积 ,而对结肠腺瘤则无明显差异。早期全程应用精氨酸明显减少侵犯到粘膜下层的腺癌数量 ,刺激淋巴细胞对有丝分裂素的反应并提高T细胞亚型的分布。但精氨酸不改变CD4/CD8比率以及胃泌素的浓度。结论　精氨酸降低实验性结肠癌的生成可能与其非特异性刺激机体淋巴细胞免疫功能有关 ,这种作用在肿瘤发生早期更显著。     

大肠癌及癌旁组织中糖链抗原50的表达

目的探讨糖链抗原50(CA50)在大肠癌及癌旁组织中表达的意义。方法采用免疫组化检测正常大肠黏膜(10例)、大肠癌远旁(40例)、近旁(40例)和癌(40例)组织中CA50的表达。结果CA50阳性表达率按正常大肠黏膜、大肠癌远旁、近旁、癌组织的顺序依次增高,且阳性表达率在4组间有显著性差异(P<0.05)。CA50表达与大肠癌的分化程度、Duke s分期和淋巴结转移有关(P<0.05),与组织学类型无关(P>0.05)。结论CA50的表达对评价大肠癌的生物学特性、判断预后具有重要的临床意义。     

大肠癌Rb和CyclinD1基因的表达及其临床意义

目的　探讨大肠癌中Rb和CyclinD1基因的表达水平及临床意义。方法　采用免疫组化SP法检测 4 0例大肠癌和 10例正常大肠组织中Rb和CyclinD1的表达。结果　 10例正常大肠黏膜中均可见Rb阳性表达 ,而大肠癌中Rb阳性率仅为 4 5 % ;CyclinD1在正常黏膜中几乎未见阳性表达 ,在癌组织中阳性率为 4 0 % ;Rb表达与大肠癌淋巴结转移相关 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,Rb阳性者的五年生存率显著高于Rb阴性者 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,而与肿瘤组织学分级和Dukes分期均无相关性 ;CyclinD1表达与大肠癌各临床病理参数无显著相关性。结论　Rb表达缺失和CyclinD1过度表达均与大肠癌的发生有关 ,可作为判断大肠癌预后的重要指标。     

THE CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF MONITORING CARBOHYDRATE ANTIGEN CA50 IN COLORECTAL CARCINOMA

AntigenssuchasQ-fetoproteinandcarcinoembryonicantigenhavebeenusedasmarkersforthediagnosisandpostoperativeevaluationofpatientswithmalignanttumors.Lindholmetaldetectedamalignanttumorcelllinebyusinghybridomatechniquein1983,themonoclonalantibodiessecretedbythecelllineweredefinedasC50.TheantigenrecognizedbyC50monoclonalantibodywasnamedCA50.Itwasraisedagainstacolorectaladenocarcinomacellline.CA50antigenexistsonthecellsurfaceintheformoflipidorlipoproteincomplex,belongingtothemarkerofsphingoglycoli…     

尾型同源盒基因-2过表达对结肠癌细胞生物学性状的影响

目的观察尾型同源盒基因-2(CDX2)对结肠癌细胞生物学性状的影响,探讨CDX2基因在结肠癌发生发展中的作用。方法克隆人结肠CDX2基因,构建含CDX2的pEGFP-C1-CDX2表达载体,同时设pEGFP-C1空载体组及空白对照组。利用脂质体法将pEGFP-C1-CDX2和pEGFP-C1质粒分别转染Lovo细胞,应用Western blotting技术检测Lovo细胞中CDX2基因的表达;应用MTT法及流式细胞仪检测CDX2对Lovo细胞增殖、凋亡及周期的影响;应用ELISA法检测CDX2过表达对Lovo细胞基质金属蛋白酶-2(MMP-2)表达的影响。结果成功构建含CDX2真核表达载体。瞬时转染pEGFP-C1-CDX2的Lovo细胞48 h有较高水平的CDX2蛋白的表达;与pEGFP-C1空载体组及空白对照组比较,转染pEGFP-C1-CDX2组的Lovo细胞在转染72 h时生长未见明显抑制,G1期及S期所占比例无明显改变,凋亡率亦无明显增加(P均>0.05),但MMP-2分泌明显减少(P<0.05)。结论 CDX2过表达对Lovo细胞增殖、凋亡及周期无明显影响,但能够明显减弱Lovo细胞的侵袭力,从而对结肠癌浸润转移起抑制作用。     

血管内皮生长因子C及淋巴管密度的表达对判定Ⅱ期结直肠癌预后的意义

目的 分析56例Ⅱ期结直肠癌术后经病理证实的癌组织中血管内皮生长因子C(vascular endothelial growth factor-C, VEGF-C)表达和淋巴管密度(lymphatic vessel density, LVD)与其临床病理特征的关系及其对预后判定的意义,为Ⅱ期结直肠癌患者的综合治疗提供有意...     

Significance of carbohydrate antigen 50 expression in colorectal carcinoma

Objective To evaluate the significance of carbohydrate antigen 50 (CA50) expression in colorectal carcinoma. Methods Immunohistochemical staining was used to detect CA50 expression in 10 cases of normal colorectal mucosa and 40 cases of cancer mucosa. Results The expression of CA50 increased in normal colorectal mucosa, cancer distant mucosa, cancer adjacent mucosa and cancer mucosa, and there were significant differences among them (P<0.05). The expression of CA50 in colorectal carcinoma was correlated with the degree of differentiation, Duke's stage and lymphatic metastases (P<0.05). Conclusion The expression of CA50 can be used as a valuable index in evaluating the biological characteristics and prognosis of colorectal carcinoma.     

THE EXPRESSION AND CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF P21(WAF1/CIP1) AND CYCLIN D1 PROTEIN IN COLORECTAL CARCINOMA

Studies on the carcinomas showed thattumori-genesis was critically related to the acceleration ofcell proliferation and disturbance of apoptosis.Ab-normal cell cycle might lead to uncontrolled cellproliferation and promote oncogenesis.P2 1 is awide- spectrum cyclin- dependent kinase inhibitorand negatively control cell cycle progression.Chen[1] 　 found thatover- expression of P2 1 can inhibittu-mor growth.Cyclin D1 is a regulatory protein thatcontrol cell cycle transit from G1 into S phase.…