面向新型混合交通流的智能交叉口网络布局优化

考虑网联自动驾驶车辆(Connected Autonomous Vehicle, CAV)应用先进的车联网与自动驾驶技术，可以采用智能交叉口的组织形式，大幅提升交叉口的通行效率，为降低CAV与人工驾驶车辆(Human-driven Vehicle, HV)混行条件下城市交通系统的整体出行成本，提出智能交叉口在城 市交通网络中的布局优化问题，建立数学优化模型并求解。首先，基于对两类车辆行驶特性的分析，建立混合用户均衡模型，描述CAV与HV的路径选择行为；其次，从交通规划者的角度，以系统最优为目标，整合混合用户均衡模型，建立面向新型混合交通流的智能交叉口网络布局优化模型，并利用改进的遗传算法求解；最后，选取Sioux-Falls交通网络作为案例分析，验证模型与算法的有效性，并研究CAV渗透率变化对优化结果的影响。研究表明，智能交叉口在城市路网中的合理规划极大地提高了新型混行场景下城市交通系统的出行效率，同时，大幅降低了由于网联自动 驾驶单方面技术优势带来的CAV与HV的出行效率差距，增进了出行公平性。     

The same mode again? An exploration of mode choice variability in Great Britain using the National Travel Survey

The main focus of travel behaviour research has been explaining differences in behaviour between individuals (interpersonal variability) with less emphasis given to the variability of behaviour within individuals (intrapersonal variability). The subject of this paper is the variability of transport modes used by individuals in their weekly travel. Our review shows that previous studies have not allowed the full use of different modes in weekly travel to be taken into account, have used categorical variables as simple indicators of modal variability and have only considered a limited set of explanatory indicators in seeking to explain modal variability. In our analysis we use National Travel Survey data for Great Britain. We analyse modal variability with continuous measures of modal variability (Herfindahl–Hirschman Index, the difference in mode share between the primary and secondary mode, the total number of modes used). Taking inspiration from Hägerstrand (1970), we conceive that modal variability is determined by different types of spatial mobility constraints and find that reduced modal variability is predicted for having mobility difficulties, being aged over 60, being non-white, working full-time, living in smaller settlement, lower household income, having regular access to a car, having no public transport pass/season ticket and not owning a bicycle. The findings can support a change in perspective in transport policy from encouraging people to replace the use of one mode with another to encouraging people to make a change to their relative use of different transport modes.     

Optimal joint distance and time toll for cordon-based congestion pricing

This paper addresses the optimal toll design problem for the cordon-based congestion pricing scheme, where both a time-toll and a nonlinear distance-toll (i.e., joint distance and time toll) are levied for each network user’s trip in a pricing cordon. The users’ route choice behaviour is assumed to follow the Logit-based stochastic user equilibrium (SUE). We first propose a link-based convex programming model for the Logit-based SUE problem with a joint distance and time toll pattern. A mathematical program with equilibrium constraints (MPEC) is developed to formulate the optimal joint distance and time toll design problem. The developed MPEC model is equivalently transformed into a semi-infinite programming (SIP) model. A global optimization method named Incremental Constraint Method (ICM) is designed for solving the SIP model. Finally, two numerical examples are used to assess the proposed methodology.     

备件消耗预测方法研究现状及发展

备件消耗预测是制定备件消耗标准的基础工作之一,通过对国内外有关备件消耗预测的文献进行研究,在分析当前备件分类的基础上,总结消耗连续型备件和消耗间断型备件的消耗预测方法研究现状,指出不同类型消耗预测模型的优点及存在的不足,揭示了备件消耗预测的研究重点及发展趋势。     

浅谈运行速度与道路线形的连续性

《公路工程技术标准》(JTG B01-2003)中引入了运行速度的概念,故设计人员在设计速度变化路段、爬坡车道、超高等受限制路段时应进行运行速度的验算.公路几何构成参数,例如平、纵曲线半径、纵坡、超高、加宽、停车视距以及指示道路标志等等都是影响汽车运行速度的主要因素.因此,要解决好线形的连续性问题,就要解决运行速度的连续性问题,也就是要解决好公路几何要素之间的组合问题.     

Korovkin定理之推广

关于线性正算子收敛性方面的Ｋｏｒｏｖｋｉｎ定理是函数逼近论的著名定理，推广了一种连续函数和周期连续函数一致收敛的Ｋｏｒｏｖｋｉｎ定理，得到了更便于验证的判别条件。     

An Intelligent Response Surface Methodology for Modeling of Domain Level Constraints

An effective modeling method of domain level constraints in the constraint network for concurrent engineering （CE） was developed. The domain level constraints were analyzed and the framework of modeling of domain level constraints based on simulation and approximate technology was given. An intelligent response surface methodology （IRSM） was proposed, in which artificial intelligence technologies are introduced into the optimization process. The design of crank and connecting rod in the V6 engine as example was given to show the validity of the modeling method.     

一类运输工具带双重能力约束的LRP问题

分析了一类运输工具受双重能力约束的LRP问题，即在物流网络节点最大单批处理能力及运输工具总运输能力双重约束的情况下,如何进行物流中心选址和运输路线安排，使总的费用最小,模型假设网络系统满足如下条件：①节点的最大单批处理能力是逐层变化的，②货物只能用不同运输工具经过某一物流中心进行中转运输．文中建立了混合整数规划模型，提出了一种优化算法，并用优化算法对实例进行求解．     

基于光纤光栅传感的盾尾密封泄漏监测试验研究及分析

针对盾构盾尾密封系统容易发生漏水、漏浆等危险的问题,将光纤光栅压力监测系统布设于盾尾尾刷密封性能试验台,对油 脂腔进行多点连续压力测量,并在油脂腔不同压力等级条件下采用人为打开球阀泄放的方式模拟实际工况产生的泄漏。试验表 明: 1)当油脂腔某点发生泄漏时,整个油脂腔圆周方向上同时产生缓慢压降,缓慢压降时间最长可达6 min,最大压降可达0. 075 MPa; 2)基于光纤光栅传感的盾尾油脂腔多点连续压力监测能够较为准确地监测油脂腔在泄漏试验过程中所发生的压力变化。该 监测方法为盾尾密封系统泄漏预警提供可行的解决方案。     

连续性、整体性在道路景观设计中的运用

以金华市金东新区李渔路道路景观设计为例,论述了连续性、整体性在道路景观设计中的重要作用,以及节奏感在景观布局、植物配置中的合理运用。从而使道路景观成为整个城市的景观纽带。