尾气加热式水暖系统在城市客车上的应展

简述了城市客车尾气加热式水暖系统的特点、工作原理，提出在设计过程中的注意事项。     

The design of bus route systems — An interactive location-allocation approach

An interactive modelling approach is developed to solve the practical problem of bus route network design. Possible bus routes are identified with facilities which can be located. Zones or pairs of zones in the urban area are identified with customers who will be allocated to the established facilities. It is shown that the classical Set Covering Problem is useful under the assumption of fixed demand; the Simple Plant Location Problem is effective under the assumption of demand which is sensitive to the level of bus service provided.     

基于CCP协议的HEV用ECU标定系统设计

CCP协议是基于CAN总线通信方式的车用ECU标定协议，具有通信可靠、传输速度快、通用性好等优点。在实时内核环境下设计了一套基于CCP协议的标定系统，并使用该系统实现了对混合动力电动汽车(HEV)动力系统中多个ECU同时标定的工作。     

Bus Priority Using pre-signals

The need to provide efficient public transport services in urban areas has led to the implementation of bus priority measures in many congested cities. Much interest has recently centred on priority at signal controlled junctions, including the concept of pre-signals, where traffic signals are installed at or near the end of a with-flow bus lane to provide buses with priority access to the downstream junction. Although a number of pre-signals have now been installed in the U.K., particularly in London, there has been very little published research into their design, operation and optimisation. This paper addresses these points through the development of analytical procedures which allow pre-implementation evaluation of specific categories of pre-signals. The paper initially sets out three categories of pre-signal, which have different operating characteristics, different requirements for signalling and different impacts on capacity and delay. Key issues concerning signalling arrangements for these categories are then discussed, together with a summary of the analytical approach adopted and the assumptions required. Equations are developed to allow appropriate signal timings to be calculated for pre-signalised intersections. Further equations are then developed to enable delays to priority and non-priority traffic, with and without pre-signals, to be estimated with delay being taken here as the key performance criterion. The paper concludes with three application examples illustrating how the equations are applied and the impacts of pre-signals in different situations.The analyses confirm the potential benefits of pre-signals, where these signals apply to non-priority traffic only. Where buses are also subject to a pre-signal, it is shown that disbenefits to buses can often occur, unless bus detectors are used to gain priority signalling.     

非港湾式公交停车对道路交通流的影响分析

公交车进出站点不仅影响本身,也给其他车辆运行带来很大干扰。文章首先比较全面地分析非港湾式公交停车影响下道路交通流特征,然后借助于EXCEL软件,构建关于公交停车频率、公交停车时间、最大公交停车长度及其存在时间、道路流量的车速和车头时距多元线性模型,并进行了严格的数学检验。该研究为合理分析路段交通流状况、正确计算区间行驶车速与车头时距提供了依据。     

亚星客车的电涡流缓速器外部电路

详细介绍亚星系列客车的3种缓速器的电路工作原理,并对3种缓速器电路特点进行了比较。     

提高电动公交车经济性的营运方式与技术方案

在分析比较电动公交车两种营运方式的电费、电池折旧费后,指出目前国内正在试运行的电动公交车的营运方式并不经济。提出了电动公交车采用自动集电器的技术方案,一方面能实现大幅度延长电池寿命的“浅充浅放”的营运方式,另一方面可以省去占地较大的专用充电站,显著降低电动公交车营运项目投资额。     

基于Q-learning 的定制公交跨区域路径规划研究

考虑城市大客流通勤者跨区域出行需求,结合城市公交线网中乘客出行密集、客流走向规律等特点,提出一种跨区域定制公交的搭乘方案. 通过改进的Q-learning 模型对公交线路进行优化,为城市通勤者提供更加便捷和高效的出行服务. 通过综合路段拥堵状态、乘客需求及居民小区位置,设定了Q-learning 强化学习的奖惩函数,提升定制公交区域路径的直线系数、满载率、通行时间. 结果表明,所提出的改进方法能够降低通勤者跨区域通行的旅行时间,有效提高髙峰时段定制公交线网的通行效率.     

路侧公交专用车道模式下右转交织长度建模

在设置路侧公交专用道的交叉口处,可通过划定交织区的方式允许右转车辆借用一定长度的公交专用道通行.合理规划公交车与右转车的交织区长度有利于提高借道右转的通行效率,减少在交织区前的排队车辆数从而降低道路混乱程度,保障公交车的专用路权.本文分析了公交站点影响下的公交车车头时距分布,建立了右转车穿越交织区长度计算模型,并结合实际调查数据进行了算例分析和模型验证.研究成果可为公交优先条件下的交叉口空间优化设计提供理论参考.     

跨区域整合公交系统建模与分析

随着区域经济一体化的发展,区域间公交系统的合作与整合得到了越来越广泛的关注.本文提出了一个双层规划模型来描述我国的一类跨区域整合公交系统.在上层问题中,相邻区域的地方公交管理者们共同规划和管理跨区域公交线路,以实现跨区域线路上社会福利的最大化.在下层问题中,这些区域的公交运营者们相互开放区域市场并联合运营跨区域公交线路,他们相互竞争以实现各自利润的最大化.为了获得更加准确的分析结果,所提出的模型详细地考虑了乘客的站点拥挤成本和车内拥挤成本.数值结果表明,公交管理者们可以通过补贴影响运营者的竞争行为,进而改善跨区公交系统各方参与者的利益.