跨航道钢箱系杆拱桥拱梁整体顶推施工工艺

边坡监测是检验边坡防治效果的重要手段,监测结果的准确性、可靠性、及时性直接影响公路全寿命周期的安全。目前,针对滞洪区高速公路生态边坡的应用研究较少,护坡效果也尚未明确。因此,本文依托津石高速天津西段生态护坡工程的实际项目,设计开展滞洪区路基边坡稳定性监测试验和生态性监测试验,对边坡稳定性和生态性效果进行验证分析,为滞洪区路基边坡生态护坡设计施工提供技术参考和实践经验。研究结果表明：新型生态护坡的稳定性和生态性效果优于传统护坡,新型生态护坡技术具有广泛的应用前景。     

Shipping inspections,detentions, and incidents: an empirical analysis of risk dimensions

ABSTRACT

Inspections play a key role in keeping vessels safe. Inspection authorities employ different policies to decide which vessels to inspect, including type of vessel, age, and flag. Attention for vessel history is usually restricted only to past detentions. This paper demonstrates that the correlation between the probabilities of detention and (very serious and serious) incidents is very low and that proactive prevention of future incidents is improved by accounting for both risk dimensions, that is, by combining past incident and detention information for targeting high-risk vessels for inspection. Five combined methods are presented to classify vessels based on these two risk dimensions, each of which involves extensive sets of factors. These combined classification methods have predictive power for future incidents. Depending on the applied inspection rate, incorporation of incident risk improves inspection hit rates for vessels with future incidents by 30–50% compared to using only detention information. It is recommended to focus on vessels where both risks are relatively high. A practical example shows how the methods can be applied for inspection selection and for prioritizing inspection areas defined in terms of eight risk domains that include collisions, groundings, engine and hull failures, loss of life, fire, and pollution.     

谈PSC检查及避免船舶被滞留的措施和做法

介绍了PSC的由来、工作依据、程序和目的,分析中国船舶在国外PSC检查中的滞留状况、主要缺陷和主要原因,指出了避免被滞留应采取的措施和做法。     

降低PSC检查中船舶滞留率的做法

为了降低船舶在PSC检查中滞留率,通过对某PSC检查船舶滞留数据的分析,总结了船舶滞留主要原因,归纳了船员降低船舶滞留的通常做法。     

一起货船焚烧炉的港口国监督检查案例探讨

文中介绍了一起货船焚烧炉的港口国监督检查典型案例,详细分析了由于焚烧炉燃烧器故障导致船舶滞留的依据及原因,最后给出了相关的建议。     

高速公路穿越蓄滞洪区路段的选线方法探讨——以邢衡高速公路邢台段为例

针对穿越蓄滞洪区的高速公路设计问题,根据二维不恒定流数学模型法等水利计算方法,对蓄滞洪区内高速公路工程修建前后的蓄滞洪过程进行了数值模拟.从蓄滞洪区防洪通道的安全畅通、高速公路自身的防洪安全、沿线村镇防洪安全等方面,提出对高速公路穿越蓄滞洪区路段的新设计思路和选线方法.     

析某轮发生滞留事故的原因和教训

某轮在一次接受PSC检查时被滞留，检查中被查出缺陷共有20多项，其中6项为滞留项目，当然其中有一定的客观因素，但从主观上查找原因，船舶管理松散，对老旧船管理不严，对南美国家PSC检查不重视，存在侥幸心理，对船员的监督、检查、指导、落实相关PSC检查工作和安全管理工作不到位，导致PSC滞留事故的发生，教训十分深刻。     

Evaluation of safety and environmental risk at individual ship and company level

Whereas current risk profiling methods used in the maritime sector largely rely on detention risk, we extend them by considering various risk dimensions and by evaluating a wide range of risk factors including pollution and damage costs. Risk factors include ship particulars such as vessel type and the nature of companies and owners, as well as historical information on past accidents, inspections, and changes of particulars. We present methods to summarize and visualize the various risk dimensions paying particular attention to the identification of potentially risky companies. The results are obtained by combining unique data sets with information on ship arrivals, inspections, and accidents covering 2006-2010.     

港口国监督中遭受不当滞留等不公对待的救济措施

文中分析现行的几种主要救济途径,包括备忘录组织提供的复议程序、港口国复议程序、船旗国应急响应程序,现场申辩,行政诉讼程序等,试图提出有效的不当滞留等不公对待的救济措施.