基于线性叠加的智能船舶经济性评估模型构建

经济性是智能船舶能否实现推广应用的关键,目前国内外有关智能船舶经济性分析的研究较少。本文通过对传统船舶经济性分析方法进行修正优化,提出智能船舶经济性分析计算模型,并根据理论推导结果,得出智能船舶经济性分析的线性叠加简化模型,并利用40万吨级VLOC实际运营数据进行科学性检验。本文提出的模型与方法适用于各类智能模块加装情况下的经济性核算,为相关单位开展智能船舶经济性快速分析提供了理论支持和解决方案。     

ROV attitude control based on multi-motor cooperative propulsion北大核心CSCD

[目的]为了提高遥控水下航行器(ROV)在复杂水下环境中的姿态控制性能,开展多电机协同推进的ROV姿态控制研究。[方法]首先,针对多电机系统的结构和算法,分别提出一种基于PID速度补偿器的偏差耦合结构和一种新型非奇异终端滑模控制(SMC)算法,并设计一种新颖的基于多电机协同推进的ROV姿态控制方法;然后,建立ROV的运动学和动力学模型,开展推进器组推力建模分析、解耦简化ROV动力学模型研究;最后,设计一种ROV滑模姿态控制器。[结果]仿真结果表明,所提的结构和算法可提高多电机系统的抗干扰性、同步性和快速响应能力,进而提高ROV姿态控制系统的稳定性与鲁棒性。[结论]所提方法可为ROV姿态控制提供一种新的可用方案。     

Widening the Panama Canal and U.S. ports: historical and economic impact analyses

ABSTRACT

The economic history of the U.S. illustrates how the role of many cities has been changed by being seaports or located on navigable rivers or lakes. Based on the widening of the Panama Canal in 2016, the West Coast ports that include the west coast seaports of California, Oregon, and Washington were expected to become less important, while the freight shares of the East Coast and Gulf ports would increase. By how much it has been not easy to measure or predict so far, but this study attempted to define some of the key parameters in the measurement. As well as several relevant background topics, both the demand- and supply-side versions of the National Interstate Economic Model, have been applied for the measurement of economic impacts. U.S. port authorities and policy makers at the local and national levels who respond and develop plans for coping with the new realities of the Panama Canal are able to understand the extent to which changes in shippers’ and land-mode transporters’ behaviors would undermine the logistics and the costs of their activities. Therefore, this study is important for a diverse spectrum of port development strategies in the U.S. to respond to the Canal expansion.     

基于高速铁路常旅客计划的全流程智慧行李服务方案构建

随着"铁路畅行"和"客运提质计划"的提出,提供高质量、个性化的旅客服务成为高速铁路客运发展的关键方向。为打造全新旅客行李服务概念,基于"铁路畅行"会员常旅客计划,构建全流程、门到门智慧行李服务方案,从旅客需求角度出发,采取"人货分离"模式,突破传统站内行李服务的模式,拓宽业务场景,延长商业链,形成一套系统完整的方案。全流程智慧行李服务作为一项新的服务模式,为培育旅客需求,提高顾客粘合度,挖掘高铁行李服务的潜在市场,优化铁路盈利结构,加快构建铁路客运服务体系,提升铁路在运输市场的竞争力提供支持。     

Integrated models of land use and transportation for the autonomous vehicle revolution

ABSTRACT

The advent of the autonomous vehicle (AV) will affect not only the transportation system, but also future patterns of land development. Integrated land use and transportation models will be critical tools in assessing the path forward with this technology. Key questions with respect to land use impacts of AVs arise from potential changes in sensitivity to travel and reduced demand for parking. It is an open question whether AVs will induce urban sprawl, or whether spatial economies of agglomeration will mitigate any reductions in travel time sensitivity. The deployment of shared fleets of AVs would likely reduce parking demand, producing yet to be explored impacts on property development within existing urban footprints. We perform a critical assessment of currently operational models and their ability to represent the adoption of AVs. We identify the representation of time in such models as a vital component requiring additional development to model this new technology. Existing model applications have focused on the discrete addition of new infrastructure or policy at a fixed point in time, whereas AV adoption will occur incrementally through time. Stated adaptation surveys are recommended as tools to quantify preferences and develop relevant model inputs. It is argued that existing models that assume comparatively static equilibrium have been convenient in the past, but are insufficient to model technology adoption. In contrast, dynamic model frameworks lack sufficient structure to maintain reasonability under large perturbations from base conditions. The ongoing advancement of computing has allowed models to move away from being mechanistic aggregate tools, towards behaviourally rich depictions of individual persons and firms. However, much work remains to move from projections of existing conditions into the future, to the evolution of the spatial economy as it evolves through time in response to new technologies and exogenous stresses. Principles from complex and evolutionary systems theory will be important in the development of models with the capacity to consider such dynamics.     

海上自主无线电设备(AMRD)技术标准研究

渔网AIS示位标作为我国应用数量最多的海上自主无线电设备(AMRD),能使过往船舶通过AIS船台了解渔网位置,有效减少了船舶与渔网相撞事故的发生,但渔网AIS示位标对船舶避碰、海事监管和AIS系统造成了较大影响。文中在分析相关国际组织研究现状的基础上,提出渔网AIS示位标采用主从模式,一张渔网安装一个主设备和多个从设备,解决渔网AIS示位识别和显示问题,减少渔网AIS示位标的时隙占用,并能够清晰显示渔网的位置和范围,保障船舶航行安全。这种主-从模式也可在其他类型的AMRD上应用。     

造船经济论证方法的探讨

船舶经济分析是船舶技术经济论证的主要环节之一,但传统的造船经济论证方法存在着一定的缺陷。为此,充分考虑各个因素的不确定性,考虑经营的风险性,对传统的造船经济论证方法加以综合改进,形成新的造船论证方法——计算机模拟方法。与传统方法相比,计算机模拟的方法在最终结果的处理上更有现实意义。     

从温州经济模式学到的经验

叙述了温州经济模式的发展 ,并总结了温州模式的思想精髓     

基于.NET框架的数据库应用模式解决方案

介绍数据库应用模式的发展过程，并以MICROSOFT公司的VISUAL BASIC．NET开发环境为背景，讨论了基于ADO．NET技术的多层数据库应用模式的原理和相关技术。     

带中间渠道船闸运转方式的试验研究

带中间渠道的分散梯级船闸是高坝通航建筑物的布置型式之一,它具有调度灵活、通过能力大等特点。但其上下级船闸采用不同运转方式时,所产生的非恒定流水流条件十分复杂,严重时将影响船舶(队)停泊和航行条件,还会对船闸运转及人字闸门产生不利影响。通过1:40的水工概化模型试验,对断面为规则的矩形中间渠道进行了上下级船闸单独、同时与错时灌泄水3种运转方式渠道内的水力特性研究,否定了船闸同时运转方式;对渠长2 000 m和1 400 m在特定条件下的船闸错时运转方式,找出了最佳错开时间;对3种运转方式的水力要素进行综合对比后,最终推荐采用先泄后灌运转方式。