铁路沿线线性无线传感器网络路由协议研究

针对铁路沿线环境监测对象种类繁多、位置分散的特点,设计一种无线传感器网络用于将传感器采集信息传输至监测中心,该无线传感器网络由传感器节点、轨边汇聚节点、机房汇聚节点及中继节点组成,重点研究提出轨边汇聚节点与机房汇聚节点之间线性无线传感器网络路由协议。鉴于铁路沿线传感器节点采集信息的重要程度不同,该路由协议根据信息重要程度对数据包进行优先级排序。综合考虑网络寿命和信息重要程度,以网络生命周期内传输数据包数量最大化为目标,建立数据包转发模型和数据包排队模型。在网络能耗均衡的前提下,采用减少优先级高的数据包的转发次数和减少优先级高的数据包在轨边汇聚节点的排队时延两种方式,减少优先级高的数据包的总传输时延。仿真结果表明,该路由协议可以显著减少高优先级数据包的传输时延,均衡使用网络能量,最大化网络寿命。     

基于LEC评价法的500 m长钢轨焊接系统风险评价研究

高速铁路无缝线路上普遍敷设500 m长钢轨。500 m长钢轨焊接系统具有复杂的工艺流线,在吊运、焊接、输送等各环节均存在诸多安全隐患,易产生重大生产事故。因此,为提高500 m长钢轨焊接系统的可靠性与安全性,针对钢轨焊接系统存在的安全风险,提出一种基于LEC评价法的风险评价方案,并利用本质安全理论和全寿命周期安全管理理论针对性地提出风险应对措施,为500 m长钢轨焊接系统的设计、施工、设备安装、运营维护等提供参考。     

基于资产全生命周期管理理论分析地铁企业物资移交存在的问题及对策——以无锡地铁为例

物资移交是建设公司向运营公司转移地铁资产的所有权或者使用权的关键环节.对于地铁建设分公司而言,标志着资产建设任务的圆满完成.对于运营分公司而言,标志着资产管理工作的正式开始.但国内地铁企业在资产移交环节普遍存在移交周期较长、实物资产管理较为薄弱等问题.本文尝试研究分析在物资移交过程中的相关问题,运用公共管理学中的资产全...     

仿真技术在舰船动力装置生命周期中的应用研究

针对舰船动力装置的特点以及仿真技术在舰船动力装置设计中的应用现状,在充分利用虚拟样机技术及协同仿真技术等先进技术的基础上,研究将仿真技术应用于舰船动力装置的生命周期.建立了将仿真应用于舰船动力装置生命周期的系统体系结构,研究了系统实现的关键使能技术.本文的研究,突破了传统设计手段对动力装置设计的限制,重组了设计流程,极大地提高了设计效率和设计质量,对国内造船业的现代化发展具有一定的参考意义.     

Activity patterns,time use,and travel of millennials: a generation in transition?

Millennials, defined in this study as those born between 1979 and 2000, became the largest population segment in the United States in 2015. Compared to recent previous generations, they have been found to travel less, own fewer cars, have lower driver’s licensure rates, and use alternative modes more. But to what extent will these differences in behaviour persist as millennials move through various phases of the lifecycle? To address this question, this paper presents the results of a longitudinal analysis of the 2003–2013 American Time Use Survey data series. In early adulthood, younger millennials (born 1988–1994) are found to spend significantly more time in-home than older millennials (born 1979–1985), which indicates that there are substantial differences in activity-time use patterns across generations in early adulthood. Older millennials are, however, showing activity-time use patterns similar to their prior generation counterparts as they age, although some differences – particularly in time spent as a car driver – persist. Millennials appear to exhibit a lag in adopting the activity patterns of predecessor generations due to delayed lifecycle milestones (e.g. completing their education, getting jobs, marrying, and having children) and lingering effects of the economic recession, suggesting that travel demand will resume growth in the future.     

FPSO全生命周期风险管理

简述了FPSO风险管理的目的和意义，结合FPSO风险特点和FPSO管理经验，采用风险分析方法指出FPSO全生命周期面临的安全风险；针对FPSO全生命周期内的设计、建造、生产、废弃等不同阶段的不同风险探索相应的风险管理方法和控制措施，旨在有效降低FPSO全生命周期内的健康安全环保风险。     

水泥混凝土路面与沥青混凝土路面全寿命周期造价测算分析

对不同结构水泥混凝土路面与沥青混凝土路面进行全寿命造价分析,并提出相关建议,以供同行参考与借鉴.     

Strategies to achieve deep reductions in metropolitan transportation GHG emissions: the case of Philadelphia

ABSTRACT

This paper investigates strategies that could achieve an 80% reduction in transportation emissions from current levels by 2050 in the City of Philadelphia. The baseline daily lifecycle emissions generated by road transportation in the Greater Philadelphia Region in 2012 were quantified using trip information from the 2012 Household Travel Survey (HTS). Emissions were projected to the year 2050 accounting for population growth and trends in vehicle technology for both the Greater Philadelphia Region and the City of Philadelphia. The impacts of vehicle technology and shifts in travel modes on greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in 2050 were quantified using a scenario approach. The analysis of 12 different scenarios suggests that 80% reduction in emissions is technically feasible through a combination of active transportation, cleaner fuels for public transit vehicles, and a significant market penetration of battery-electric vehicles. The additional electricity demand associated with greater use of electric vehicles could amount to 10.8 TWh/year. The use of plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEV) shows promising results due to high reductions in GHG emissions at a potentially manageable cost.     

基于GIS的客运专线全寿命信息管理系统研究

在分析客运专线全寿命管理的必要性的基础上,提出了以地理信息系统和数据库等IT技术为手段的客运专线全寿命信息管理系统结构体系与数据维护工作的内容,并阐述了数据采集的重要性和数据的规范化。     

TDCS系统列车运行阶段计划的处理方法

在分析传统调度指挥方式的基础上,以远程分布式协同闭环智能控制结构定义铁路列车调度指挥系统(Train Dispatching Command System,TDCS)的基本框架。在TDCS系统中,列车运行阶段计划是行车调度台与车站终端之间信息交换的主体。通过分析TDCS系统中行调台与车站终端之间对阶段计划的处理流程,采用基于专家系统的多目标滚动优化算法和建立的行调台对阶段计划调整的数学模型,实现阶段计划的调整。在阶段计划的执行流程中,以生命周期概念表述阶段计划的时效性,并对阶段计划在车站终端中的处理过程进行定义,以此为基础模型应用于TDCS系统的设计和实现。