基于网络测度的宝鸡至汉中铁路功能定位研究

针对铁路规划项目功能定位定性分析为主的客观性不足问题,以宝鸡至汉中铁路为研究对象,选取节点间旅客交流时间或节点间运输距离为权重,运用Space L构造法建立区域铁路客、货运输网络拓扑结构模型;采用复杂网络分析方法,基于"有无对比"思想及等级化线路技术标准,结合应用Pajek软件与R软件,测算区域铁路运输网络直径、平均距离、边介数、网络效率等加权特征参数,以及非加权特征参数集聚系数进行网络测度分析,并进行网络最小生成树分析;以网络分析结果为基础,从路网、通道、客运、货运四个方面对铁路规划项目功能进行定量化综合定位,宝汉铁路为宁陕及陇东地区与川渝地区间南北纵向新通道的骨架干线,是一条以货为主、客货共线的区域路网干线铁路。     

Integrated models of land use and transportation for the autonomous vehicle revolution

ABSTRACT

The advent of the autonomous vehicle (AV) will affect not only the transportation system, but also future patterns of land development. Integrated land use and transportation models will be critical tools in assessing the path forward with this technology. Key questions with respect to land use impacts of AVs arise from potential changes in sensitivity to travel and reduced demand for parking. It is an open question whether AVs will induce urban sprawl, or whether spatial economies of agglomeration will mitigate any reductions in travel time sensitivity. The deployment of shared fleets of AVs would likely reduce parking demand, producing yet to be explored impacts on property development within existing urban footprints. We perform a critical assessment of currently operational models and their ability to represent the adoption of AVs. We identify the representation of time in such models as a vital component requiring additional development to model this new technology. Existing model applications have focused on the discrete addition of new infrastructure or policy at a fixed point in time, whereas AV adoption will occur incrementally through time. Stated adaptation surveys are recommended as tools to quantify preferences and develop relevant model inputs. It is argued that existing models that assume comparatively static equilibrium have been convenient in the past, but are insufficient to model technology adoption. In contrast, dynamic model frameworks lack sufficient structure to maintain reasonability under large perturbations from base conditions. The ongoing advancement of computing has allowed models to move away from being mechanistic aggregate tools, towards behaviourally rich depictions of individual persons and firms. However, much work remains to move from projections of existing conditions into the future, to the evolution of the spatial economy as it evolves through time in response to new technologies and exogenous stresses. Principles from complex and evolutionary systems theory will be important in the development of models with the capacity to consider such dynamics.     

货车转向架悬挂参数与运行性能研究

简要阐述了货车转向架的简化抗弯、抗剪、抗菱参数的概念,分析了其对车辆直线横向稳定性和曲线通过性能的影响。给出了H型构架式、三大件式转向架和径向转向架的简化抗弯、抗剪、抗菱刚度的计算公式。以此为基础,分析了我国货车转向架的发展与运用概况。最后提出了对货车转向架研制和进一步发展的建议。     

货车制动梁运用故障分析及对策

重点对槽钢弓型杆制动梁目前存在的运用故障进行了分析,并针对故障原因提出了改进措施及建议。     

基于疲劳强度的焊接结构设计细节

阐述了国内铁路货车焊接结构疲劳强度设计的现状,结合货车产品的设计和现场应用实例,从结构静强度设计、焊缝设计和焊缝工艺设计3方面提出了提高疲劳强度的设计细节,并分析了焊接结构疲劳强度设计的重要意义。     

铁路冷藏车不稳定传热反应系数法的研究与分析

由于铁路冷藏车在结构、运行环境等方面与普通建筑相比存在较大区别,故传热特性不同,反应系数差异大。使用反应系数法研究铁路冷藏车的不稳定传热过程,利用计算机辅助分析方法对冷藏车围护结构的不稳定传热进行数值计算,考察不同车速、不同方程根项数以及不同反应系数项数等对冷藏车负荷计算精度的影响。研究表明:冷藏车运行速度对整体计算精度影响不大,取200 km.h-1时的相关数值最佳;方程根值取至-25,车顶的反应系数项数取至第30项,车壁和车底的反应系数项数取至第15项,即可满足求解精度要求。     

我国铁路货车紧凑型轴承的研究与发展

对铁路货车紧凑型轴承研发的背景、我国紧凑型轴承设计结构、国外先进的轴承技术等进行了分析和概述,并对通过货车轴承技术研究提出解决货车切轴问题的措施进行了分析。     

关于铁路货车L-B型制动梁制造工艺的探讨

重点从魏氏组织、原材料化学成分和焊接性能等3个方面论述了影响制动梁梁架机械性能的主要因素,对梁架加工过程中产生不合格的原因进行了分析,并提出了改进建议。     

Development of Green-Naghdi models with a wave-absorbing beach for nonlinear, irregular wave propagation

Two-dimensional and three-dimensional Green-Naghdi (GN) models equipped with a numerical wave-absorbing beach have been developed to simulate nonlinear, regular, and irregular wave propagation. The numerical beach is introduced near the downstream boundary to absorb outgoing waves. An appropriate amount of numerical damping and an appropriate length of numerical beach are investigated using numerical experiments. The results show that the GN models with a numerical beach work very well in simulating wave propagation in water in a small computational domain.     

200km/h客货共线单线隧道内接触网设计探讨

通过对遂渝线单线隧道内接触网悬挂的介绍,探讨了以新的设计方式进行速度200 km/h客货共线隧道内接触网平面设计的方法,并通过遂渝线情况的研究,对下一步的设计提出了建议。