Development and prospects of initial alignment method for strap-down inertial navigation system北大核心CSCD

Initial alignment technology is directly related to the navigation accuracy and startup time of the strap-down inertial navigation system (SINS), and has always been regarded as a challenging focal point in the research field of inertial navigation. This paper makes a comprehensive survey of SINS initial alignment technology, briefly introduces the basic principles of initial alignment without latitude, coarse alignment with known latitude and precise alignment, and points out their advantages, disadvantages and applicable conditions. The research and effects of existing initial alignment error suppression techniques are then analyzed and discussed. Finally, according to the problems of existing initial alignment methods and the development requirements of the carrier, the future research direction of SINS initial alignment technology is predicted. © 2022 Journal of Clinical Hepatology. All rights reserved.     

模似器在港口航道设计中的应用

阐述船舶操纵模拟器在港口航道设计中的应用情况。通过上海港外高桥挖入式港池设计研究的实例说明模拟器的成功运用。这些模拟技术和方法对于降低航道费用、增强船舶营运安全和提高港口生产效率都有较大作用。     

关键航段江海直达船舶驾驶技术探讨

此文通过对江海直达船舶的操纵性分析,从过弯曲河段航法、过桥航法、入海河口的航法三方面对关键航段江海直达船舶驾驶技术进行了探讨。     

Japanese perspective of driver information systems

A perspective view of of Japanese R&D activities of Driver Information Systems is given from the standpoint of developing joint projects by public and private sectors. First, a brief history of the R&D activities is illustrated from above mentioned standpoint. Then, two major projects, AMTICS and RACS, and the social backgrounds of these projects are explained. In order to give a clear idea of both projects some technical details are treated.Based on the history and the present status of the developments, the basic design conceptions of Japanese Driver Information Systems are explained and several factors or reasons which have influenced to the design conception are discussed. Then, the promoting systems of the R&D activities are generally explained and present status of the projects and future problems in developing more advanced systems are also handled. A brief discussion on the establishment of international standard is also mentioned as a final comment.     

Analysis on Uncertain Information and Actions for Preventing Collision

Discusses and analyzes the causes and characteristics of the uncertainties of the information and actions for preventing collision at sea on the basic knowledge of the collision avoidance.Describes the ways and functions of the investigations about the uncertainties of the information and actions of collision avoidance with the navigation simulators.Puts forward some suggestions for the officers to master the skills of the recognition of these uncertainties of the information and actions by the training with the sim- ulator during the MET course.     

研制交分道岔旷量消除装置

大编组站、旅客站和其他用地长度受限制的咽喉区大多采用交分道岔，但交分道岔也是故障多发处所。在其故障发生的概率中，交分道岔旷量引起的表示杆卡口失去表示的故障占了很大的比重。天津电务段研制的交分道岔旷量消除装置，在对原道岔连接销功能分解的基础上，增加了“消除旷量”的“潜在”功能。阐述了消除道岔旷量的3种方案及其利弊分析，详细介绍了道岔旷量消除装置的原理、构成和功能。     

高坝枢纽新建通航建筑物轴线及通航条件研究

针对山区已建高坝枢纽新建通航建筑物轴线布置受河道窄、水头高、电站泄流及已有建筑物影响等条件限制的问题,依托贵州清水江白市水电站枢纽新建通航建筑物工程,采用1∶100正态整体水工模型与自航遥控船模相结合的技术手段,对多条轴线布置方案进行通航水流条件及船舶航行操控研究与优化。试验结果表明,右岸轴线布置方案通航水流条件及船舶航行状态均较好,为推荐方案。研究成果解决了工程关键问题,可供类似已建高坝水利枢纽新建或扩建通航建筑物工程参考借鉴。     

USV复杂水域环境综合感知技术

从无人水面艇（Unmanned Surface Vessel,USV）所处的工作环境,分析单目摄像头、双目摄像头、海事雷达、激光雷达等传感器的组成原理、优缺点、性能测试。介绍多传感器数据在USV上的融合原理、融合流程及其应用情况。经过实船海上试验,多传感器数据融合指标良好,较好地解决USV在复杂水域安全航行的感知技术问题。所描述的感知技术,对设计和研发搭载不同任务的USV,识别不同工作场景环境,具有积极的参考价值。     

不锈钢地铁车辆侧墙内板成形模拟研究

以某型号地铁车辆不锈钢车体侧墙内板为例,利用Autoform有限元软件,分析了润滑方式、拉延筋、压边力和模具间隙等对不锈钢侧墙内板拉延成形的影响规律。结果表明:聚氟乙烯薄膜作为润滑介质垫在不锈钢板与凸凹模、压料板之间,能够显著改善侧墙内板的成形性,改善拉裂缺陷。通过正交试验得到匹配参数的优化组合,可进一步对拉延不足和拉裂缺陷协调控制。优化组合的参数设置为:拉延筋系数0.35、压边力300 kN和单边模具间隙1.20 mm。基于该模拟优化参数进行了模具设计和成形试验,得到了合格的试验件,验证了模拟仿真结果的准确性和控制措施的有效性。     

关于空气弹簧内部间隙的研究

对橡胶滞回、蠕变、静态刚度、动态刚度、内压等影响空气弹簧间隙的因素进行了分析,阐述了各种因素影响空气弹簧间隙的原理,给出了选择空气弹簧间隙的依据,并结合实例进行了试验验证。