A cross-country study of fairness and infringement on freedom as determinants of car owners' acceptance of road pricing

Jakobsson et al. (2000) found that in Sweden public acceptance of road pricing decreases if it is perceived to be unfair and to infringe on freedom. The present study reports a survey investigating whether the same effects are found in the Asian countries of Japan and Taiwan. The results indicate that fairness plays the same role. However, income had a direct effect on acceptance in Taiwan but not in Japan or Sweden.     

产品质量检验的公正性与技术技巧

随着公民法律意识的增强,面对产品质量纠纷,要求进行质量鉴定检验的人愈采愈多,公正地进行产品质量检验也就越来越显重要。     

A New Wireless Packet Scheduling Algorithm Based on EDF and Its Application in Multi-bottleneck Networks

Most of current wireless packet scheduling algorithms aim at resource allocation as fairly as possible or maximizing throughput. This paper proposed a new packet scheduling algorithm that aims at satisfying delay requirement and is the improvement of earliest due first (EDF) algorithm in wired networks. The main idea is to classify the packets based on their delay bound, scheduling the most "urgent" class of user and the users that have the best channel condition with higher priority. This algorithm can easily integrate with common buffer management algorithms, when buffer management algorithm cannot accept new arrival packets, try to modify scheduling policy. Packet scheduling algorithms in multiple bottleneck wireless networks were also discussed. A new variable multi-hop factor was defined to estimate the congestion situation (including channel condition) of future hops. Multi-hop factor can be integrated into packet scheduling algorithms as assistant and supplement to improve its performance in multi-bottleneck wireless networks.     

Optimal funding allocation strategies for safety improvements on urban intersections

Urban intersections crashes cause significant economic loss. The safety management process undertaken by most states in the United States is referred to as Highway Safety Improvement Program and consists of three standardized steps: (i) identification of critical crash locations, (ii) development of countermeasures, and (iii) resource allocation among identified crash locations. Often these three steps are undertaken independently, with limited detail of each step at the state planning agencies. The literature review underlines the importance of the third step, and the lack of sophisticated tools available to state planning agencies for leveraging information obtained from the first two steps. Further, non-strategic approaches and unavailability of methods for evaluating policies may lead to sub-optimal funding allocation. This paper overcomes these limitations and proposes multiple optimal resource allocation strategies for improvements at urban intersections that maximize safety benefits, under budget and policy constraints. Proposed policy measures based on benefits maximization (economic competitiveness), equitable allocation (equity), and relaxation of mutually exclusiveness (multiple alternatives at one location) produce significantly different alternative and fund allocation. The proposed models are applied to selected intersections in four counties of southeast Michigan. Results reinforce the applicability of the strategies/policies and tools developed in this paper for safety project funding allocation on critical urban intersections.     

基于旅客步行距离的停机位均衡优化指派建模

针对机场停机位指派问题,从旅客服务质量角度出发,以缩短机场旅客步行总距离和均衡各航空公司的旅客平均步行距离为目标,建立停机位指派优化模型.采用Lingo软件对国内某大型机场的停机位指派进行仿真验证.结果表明：旅客步行总距离会影响航空公司间公平性;与随机指派相比较,该模型能同时缩短旅客步行总距离和提高航空公司公平性.     

流动人口社会保障问题探讨

着重分析流动人口社会保障体系的模式,在目前形势下,我国流动人口的社会保障体系应建立可灵活流动的个人账户模式和公共账户模式,这不仅仅是实现对全体国民建立低水平基本保障目标的基础,也是我国建设小康社会的重要组成部分。     

农村公路网规划建设的思考

对现有道路投资理论、道路投资主体的变化以及政府职能等影响农村道路网建设的因素进行分析,得出造成农村路网落后的原因。从政治,经济、公平等方面入手,分析农村路网规划建设的必要性以及内在规律性。     

一种新的曲线光顺优化模型

对曲线光顺的优化模型进行了讨论，并对直接根据型值点列进行曲线光顺处理的方法进行了研究，提出一种新的优化模型，利用进化规划对曲线光顺问题进行了求解，取得了良好的效果，理论分析和计算实例表明，进化规划算法和文中提出的优化模型是对曲线进行光顺的有效方法。     

Development of a Human Use Objectives Framework for Integrated Management of the Eastern Scotian Shelf

Under the 1997 Oceans Act, Fisheries and Oceans Canada (DFO) is required to lead and facilitate the development of integrated management plans for Canada's oceans. One of the integrated management projects is the Eastern Scotian Shelf Integrated Management Initiative (ESSIM), through which DFO is working with a range of stakeholders to develop and implement an integrated ocean management plan for the eastern Scotian Shelf. As part of this Initiative, DFO has undertaken a program to develop a set of objectives and related indicators for ocean management. This includes the development of a framework, objectives, and indicators for human use of the resource including the social, economic, and institutional (governance) components of ocean management, areas that have received little attention internationally. This article provides some background to ESSIM and human uses of the resources of the eastern Scotian Shelf; briefly reviews objectives-based management and human use objectives internationally; outlines the process undertaken to develop the Human Use Objectives Framework; presents the resultant objectives and indicators that were developed; and highlights some of the lessons learned and challenges for their implementation.     

TCP Upload and Download Fairness over IEEE 802.11 Wired-cum-Wireless Heterogeneous Networks

IntroductionThe interaction between wireless and wired net-works is becoming important with the growth ofdeployment of wireless networks. Gopal andRaychaudhuri[1]investigated the TCP simultaneous-send problem in infrastructure mode 802.11 wirelesslocal ar…