沉箱箱壁计算分析和局部优化

采用结构计算程序AN SY S,对北方某港拟建的15万吨级矿石转水码头大直径圆沉箱箱壁进行了计算。对桥梁计算中通用的影响线加载程序进行修改,编制成适用于卸船机荷载的动态规划程序,并嵌入结构分析程序中,计算出最不利组合工况下的沉箱箱壁受力;同时参考AN SY S拓扑优化结果,对沉箱消浪孔形式和布置位置等进行了调整,计算分析后给出了受力性能更为合理的细部构造布置。     

沥青混合料转运车作业质量

论述了传统沥青混凝土路面施工工艺存在的缺陷及其原因,确定了沥青混合料转运车作业质量试验的目的、意义及试验研究的内容和方法,以工程施工实践证明了转运摊铺施工工艺可以有效减少混合料材料离析和温度离析现象,同时能提高铺设成型路面的平整度.     

骨架密实结构水泥稳定碎石离析原因及改善措施

骨架密实结构水泥稳定碎石混合料中粗集料的含量增加,实际使用过程中混合料离析的可能性较大.在分析其产生离析的原因后,分别从混合料的材料组成设计、混合料的拌和装车、运输和摊铺等方面提出了改进措施,同时给出了定量评价混合料离析程度的试验方法和相应指标.     

道路混凝土分层结构评价方法与指标研究(英文)

结合机理探寻、试验分析和对大量实体工程检测数据的提炼集成,系统研究了道路混凝土外分层与内分层结构,建立起混凝土分层结构模型及评价方法。建议采用密度变异性和吸水率变异性指标评价道路混凝土外分层和内分层结构,为工艺控制道路混凝土内、外分层奠定了基础。     

Residential segregation and commuting patterns of migrant workers in China

In China, many rural migrant workers experience residential segregation and live in urbanizing villages, due to China’s unique institutional context (e.g. land tenure system, hukou system) as well as exclusionary housing regulations. The purpose of this paper is to investigate whether these urbanizing villages provide good job accessibility for rural migrant workers. We explore this problem by investigating the commuting patterns of migrant workers. Through a survey conducted in 2009 across four mega-regions in China that are currently experiencing rapid urbanization, we collected individual level information on rural migrant workers’ commute distances and durations, demographics, household socioeconomic status, and whether the migrant worker is living in an urbanizing village or not. From residential address information collected in the survey, we constructed a group of built environment variables. Using IV Tobit models to address the endogeneity issues associated with residential location choice, our analyses show that these urbanizing villages actually provide relatively good accessibility to job opportunities. This result is different from what is suggested by the spatial mismatch literature based on U.S. data. This research helps to fill the gap in the literature on the relationship between residential segregation, built environment and travel behavior in the Chinese context. The findings have implications for policymaking, especially when many government officials are proposing to demolish urbanizing villages without fully realizing the benefits of these villages. This research could also provide useful information for other developing countries facing residential segregation of migrants or immigrants.     

基于X-ray CT和离散元法级配离析对沥青混合料骨架结构力学性能的影响

为从细观角度探究分析级配离析对沥青混合料骨架结构力学性能的影响,基于X-ray CT断层图像扫描技术和离散元法建立三维混合料骨架模型,对不同级配离析情况下的混合料骨架内部受力情况、抵抗荷载性能、应力传递性能等方面进行了对比和研究。结果表明:提出了利用X-ray CT断层图像扫描技术构建更接近于真实形态的集料颗粒模型的方法;骨架结构中较粗集料承受了主要的外力荷载作用;以典型的SMA-16级配为例,4.75~9.5 mm档集料是构成该级配集料骨架的关键粒径;骨架结构中细集料的增多有助于提高骨架的抗压强度,发生粗集料离析时,抗压强度将随着离析程度的加剧而显著地降低;不同的级配离析状态对混合料骨架结构的竖向与横向应力传递性能产生不同影响,其中细集料离析对应力传递性能的影响更大。     

海河大桥下塔柱平衡架施工工艺

该文介绍了海河大桥下塔柱施工的总体思路、施工工艺、施工难点及解决办法。     

沥青路面摊铺离析的产生与控制

对沥青混合料的级配离析和温度离析现象产生的原因进行分析和讨论,指出摊铺机结构和施工方法不当是造成级配离析的主要原因;而自卸卡车的运输过程是造成温度离析的主要原因,并相应地提出了控制措施。     

粉沙质海岸的泥沙运动和外航道淤积

文章分析了粉沙质海岸泥沙运动特性和粉沙质海岸外航道泥沙淤积特点,针对粉沙质海岸存在的悬移质、推移质和近底流移质3种泥沙运移形态,提出了计算粉沙质海岸外航道淤积的三层模式,并推导了临底流移质淤积计算的实用公式,进而建立了适用于粉沙质海岸外航道淤积的实用公式,并以黄骅港实测资料为依据,计算了黄骅港曾出现的大风淤积,并与实测结果进行对比,结果显示趋势一致、量级吻合,公式可推广应用。     

Federal‐state revenue sharing and resource management under outer continental shelf lands act section 8(g)

Abstract

Section 8(g) was added to the Outer Continental Shelf Lands Act (OCSLA) in 1978. It mandated sharing of the revenues from tracts that included oil and gas pools underlying the federal‐state boundary 3 miles offshore. Revenues were to be split based on agreements negotiated by the secretary of Interior and the relevant coastal state governor or “fair and equitable”; divisions made by the federal district courts. Only one agreement was concluded. Texas and Louisiana sued to force distribution of their shares of $6.1 billion in 8(g) funds held in escrow. In 1986 Congress divided the escrowed 8(g) revenues approximately 27 percent to the adjacent states and 73 percent to the federal government and legislated the same split for all future 8(g) revenues. This article examines the complex issues that section 8(g), as amended, raises for the management of federal and state submerged lands. Cooperative federal‐state approaches to implementing amended section 8(g) are reviewed. Section 8(g)'s broader implications as the only federal‐state ocean resource, revenue‐sharing mechanism currently in place also are addressed.