Seaport research: A structured literature review on methodological issues since the 1980s

This study aims to investigate how seaport research has been conducted from the methodological perspective. To this end, this study reviews published port literature for the last three decades (1980-2000s). The investigation primarily categorises the literature according to various methodological issues such as research paradigm, research strategy, base-disciplines, research methods and analysis techniques in order to provide meaningful implications on methodological evolution in seaport research for the period. This study suggests methodological bias in port research to a positivistic paradigm, following a quantitative trajectory moving from conceptual to empirical studies. In addition, the increased use of mathematical modelling and advanced statistical analysis methods is clearly observed. The introduction of advanced analytical tools used in other academic disciplines facilitates discussions in particular research area and amplifies the literature in those areas. This paper also suggests research gaps from the methodological perspective and implications for future port research.     

ODS用户接口实现技术

介绍适用于空中交通管制和指控系统开发的一套优秀开发工具-ODS Toolbox的适用领域及特点，并对ODS Toolbox基本编程概念进行了分析并阐述了各个对象间的关系，并详细讲解了ODS Toolbox提供的各种接口的实现技术，最后，提出了今后研究的方向。     

Why are cities removing their freeways? A systematic review of the literature

ABSTRACT

A scientific consensus has recently emerged suggesting that the dominant twentieth century paradigm of solving transportation congestion problems by building more freeways failed. The legacy of the freeway construction era is clearly visible in polluted and congested cities worldwide. To battle these ills, planning academics have been promoting more sustainable built form aligned with dedicated public/active transport provision. Partly as a result of the push coming from academia, a number of cities have sought to remove their freeways and replace the freed up space with alternate transport infrastructure, such as streets and boulevards. To discern if the transportation planning profession is currently undergoing a paradigm shift or whether freeway removal is merely a temporary fad, we have conducted a systematic review of the literature. In this article, we unpack the underlying reasons which have led some cities to removing their freeways. Results reveal that a paradigm shift has arguably not yet taken place in transportation planning. While many cities are creating human-scale and active transport spaces, currently these spaces tend to coexist alongside freeways. American cities, which were once the pioneers of freeway construction, appear to be lagging behind cities in Europe and Asia in this respect. If the current pace of freeway removal continues, it may take a few decades before the transportation planners, politicians, policy makers, and communities adopt radically different norms, methods, and goals. However, a radical approach may need to be taken sooner given alarming global warming predictions.     

ADAPTIVE AND ACTIVE COMPUTING PARADIGM FOR PERSONALIZED INFORMATION SERVICE IN DISTRIBUTED HETERONGEOUS ENVIRONMENT

Pull basedinformationservicesuchassearchengineandfull textretrievalserveusersinare trieval on demandmodewhenuserneedtofindwhathe/shewants .Howeverwiththeexplosivegrowthoftheinternettechniques,locatingrelevantinformationistimeconsumingandexpensive ,pushtechnologypromisesaproperwaytorelieveusersfromthedrudgeryofinformationsearching .Somecurrentcommercesoftwareor prototypesystemssuchasPointCastNetwork ,CNNNewswatch ,SmartPush,ConCallserveusersinapersonalizedway[1 3 ] ,whilerecommendationsyst…     

貌似而神离——李健吾、沈从文文学批评比较论

由于尊崇自由主义文艺观和同属京派文人阵营的缘故,李健吾和沈从文的文学批评在一些方面有着相似的地方,比如在总体上带有印象批评的特点,重视感悟和直觉。但这只是表层的现象,应该看到他们的文学批评在内在精神上更有实质的差别,他们在审美的现代性意识以及现代批评范式、批评态度等很多地方均表现出不同的特征,可谓貌似而神离。而这些方面的差异也决定了李健吾和沈从文的批评在中国现代文学批评史上的价值、地位不可同日而语。     

工学结合模式下高职院校思想政治教育范式的构筑

随着社会的进步，我国更好地融入到了全球化浪潮之中，多元文化的渗透、网络的盛行，给思想政治教育带来极大的冲击，需要转变思想政治教育范式，整合学校、企业、网络等多方面的力量，不断提升学生的思想政治道德素养，更好为社会培养人才。     

西方知识论的范式更替--兼论阿佩尔的先验语用学

西方哲学史上的知识论经历过两次大的范式更替，先后有三种典型的知识论范式，即本体论的知识论，认识论的知识论和先验语用学的知识论。阿佩尔的先验语用学正成为当代知识论的一种新范式。     

地铁列车运行图的专家评价系统

列车运行图是轨道交通运输组织的基础,其编制质量的高低直接影响运输组织的效率和安全可靠性。城市轨道交通的客流以随机汇聚的人群为主,这一特点导致城市轨道交通运输组织的独特复杂性,对列车运行图的性能也提出更高的要求。在运行图的合理性评价方面进行初步的探索,分析运行图的指标体系,包括静态指标、动态指标等。并从列车运行图的可调整性入手,运用专家评价系统理论,初步研究运行图的评价。     

基于跨界协作的街道设计发展情境与现实窘境

基于对城市道路空间传统规划设计范式的自省,分析街道设计兴起的时代背景和必要性。从项目组织、设计对象和设计方法等角度分析街道设计情境特征,指出从批量复制的传统规划设计到单品定制的街道设计需要完成的认知转变。结合天津市道路空间相关政策演进及街道设计实践,剖析街道设计面临的现实窘境。结果表明,街道设计及其所昭示的规划设计行业跨界融合态势,是受机动车导向理念支配的专业技术人员和管理者要尽快适应的范式转移。     

论公共管理的范式转型与动因

近20年来,在国际上出现了政府行政管理范式转型的普通倾向,这种经转型的新范式的名称有“新公共管理”,“管理主义”,“以市场为依据的公共管理”,“后科层落式”和“具有企业家精神的政府”等等。新范式的主要特点是：注重政府的服务功能,体现公共部门战略管理职能,在公共管理中也要求效率,效能和效果,体现公民参与,以及简化政府的科层制结构等等。