轮印载荷下I型夹层板架结构静强度力学性能试验研究

现代舰船的直升机起降时会通过轮胎将载荷作用于飞行甲板的板架上,这种载荷通常被称为轮印载荷。除此之外,相对于传统加筋板结构形式,I型夹层结构具有轻质、高比强度等优点,是一种可以应用于船舶飞行甲板的新型结构形式。本文针对轮印载荷局部重载和位置不确定的特点,设计了合理的试验贴片方案及加载程序,并将试验数据与理论值对比,分析误差原因,研究I型夹层板架结构的板格在四种典型位置轮印载荷作用下的静强度力学性能。试验结果表明,夹层板架结构在载荷附近测点的应力水平较大,同时其上面板沿船宽方向的弯曲应力大于沿船长方向的弯曲应力,而下面板2个方向的弯曲应力特性与上面板相反。这些结论对于I型夹层板架结构在轮印载荷下的力学性能研究具有重要意义。     

浅谈询问调查

询问调查与海事工作关系十分密切,水上交通事故和海事行政处罚案件的调查取证都离不开询问调查,本文从询问前、询问过程和询问后三个方面谈了询问调查的一些方法和技巧。     

铁路桥梁用超细粉煤灰高性能混凝土的试验研究

我国铁路桥梁工程建设中较少掺用粉煤灰,但粉煤灰混凝土在其他工程领域的应用已经证明其具有优良的耐久性能及长期性能。在本文研究中,突破现行规范,从材性试验的角度以30%左右的超细粉煤灰(UFA)等量取代水泥配制了铁路桥梁用的超细粉煤灰高性能混凝土,并对其力学性能、部分长期性能、水化产物以及水泥石形貌等进行了试验研究。试验结果表明,混凝土早期强度主要取决于W/C和UFA掺量,而后期则主要取决于W/B和UFA掺量;通过应力-应变全曲线分析可知,UFA高性能混凝土可采用现行规范设计;混凝土干缩、抗渗、抗裂性能等均优于基准混凝土;同时在微观测试分析基础上,综合考虑施工及养护条件等因素的变异,认为在实际应用中,UFA掺量以不超过30%为宜。     

城市快速轨道交通空气动力学相关问题探讨

随着城市轨道交通的快速发展,其设定的最高速度目标值突破了现行地铁相关规范最高速度的适用范围,许多在低速时可以忽略的空气动力学现象在快速时就变得不容忽视.结合目前的隧道阻塞比,给出城市快速轨道交通所出现的由空气动力学效应引起的相关现象,并结合地铁自身特点进行定性分析,提出相应的减缓措施,以期对进一步的研究提供参考方向,对...     

BIM技术在铁路预应力混凝土连续梁零号节段深化设计中的应用

近年来,部分铁路预应力混凝土连续梁支座附近出现浇筑不密实、蜂窝麻面等问题,一定程度上影响了连续梁质量。针对这一现状,结合BIM及C#语言技术,从深化设计平台的选择、精细化模型的构建以及BIM技术在深化设计中的应用开展研究。结果表明:(1)通过合理拆分并在空间上进行布尔组合,能够较快构建铁路连续梁零号节段BIM模型,满足深化设计条件;(2)基于BIM模型开展深化设计、生成2D图纸并统计工程数量,能够直观发现设计中的不足,一定程度上提升设计质量和效率。     

山区漫水桥梁水毁调查分析及重建设计

重点阐述在涞水县7.21灾后公路恢复重建中，对桥梁水毁状况的调查分析以及工程重建设计要点，可为相关工作提供借鉴。     

乌鲁木齐市中心城区常规公交乘客满意度研究

乌鲁木齐市中心城区交通日趋拥堵,优先发展公共交通是缓解城市交通拥堵,改善城市交通环境的主要措施。乌鲁木齐市的公共交通主要包括公共汽车和出租汽车,通过实地发放调查问卷、数据处理分析及结合乌鲁木齐市目前的实际情况,运用专家咨询法确定32个指标权重,构建基于综合模糊评价法的常规公交车乘客满意度总评价。获得不同评价结果,并提出改善对策,对乌鲁木齐市的未来常规公交发展起到参考作用。     

The planning and analysis of a new group rapid transit system: the SkyCabs monobeam system in Auckland

This paper examines a case study of the SkyCabs system as a way to alleviate some of the traffic problems of Auckland, New Zealand. SkyCabs is an elevated two-way monobeam carrying light eight-seater cabs on tracks on each side of the beam, available on demand, providing fast, pollution-free, unimpeded travel above the footpath with panoramic views of the city. The aim of this study is to investigate the attractiveness of implementing the SkyCabs system to and from Auckland central business district (CBD) and Auckland international airport by examining four variables: different routes, different number of stops/stations, different passenger demand levels, and different number of cabs in the system. The analysis utilizes geographical information system and simulation tools for the various scenarios considered. The results show that it is possible to assess the cost–benefit of alternative routes in terms of those four variables and rate of return on investment.     

Cost-effectiveness of reductions in greenhouse gas emissions from High-Speed Rail and urban transportation projects in California

A rising trend in state and federal transportation finance is to invest capital dollars into projects which reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. However, a key metric for comparing projects, the cost-effectiveness of GHG emissions reductions, is highly dependent on the cost-benefit methodology employed in the analysis. Our analysis comparing California High-Speed Rail and three urban transportation projects shows how four different accounting framings bring wide variations in cost per metric tonne of GHG emissions reduced. In our analysis, life-cycle GHG emissions are joined with full cost accounting to better understand the benefits of cap-and-trade investments. Considering only public subsidy for capital, none of the projects appear to be a cost-effective means to reduce GHG emissions (i.e., relative to the current price of GHG emissions in California’s cap-and-trade program at $12.21 per tonne). However, after adjusting for the change in private costs users incur when switching from the counterfactual mode (automobile or aircraft) to the mode enabled by the project, all investments appear to reduce GHG emissions at a net savings to the public. Policy and decision-makers who consider only the capital cost of new transportation projects can be expected to incorrectly assess alternatives and indirect benefits (i.e., how travelers adapt to the new mass transit alternative) should be included in decision-making processes.