如何利用Excel进行道路中桩坐标的计算

Excel具备强大的数据分析与处理功能,其中公式（包括函数）起了非常重要作用。因此,有必要在简单介绍Excel公式基本知识的基础上,详细分析道路桩坐标的计算方法,并在Excel单元格中以公式的形式表达出来,从而使道路桩坐标的计算既简单又方便。     

沥青路面应力位移简化计算

为方便沥青路面结构设计生产、教学、科研之用， 本文采用分析综合法与分离变量法建立了弹性三层体系应力位移显式模型； 并在分析常见路面结构层厚度及其当量换算和模量变化范围的基础上， 成功求得了三层体系路表弯沉、上层滑动应力、上层连续应力、中层应力逼近公式；精度分析表明本文逼近公式精度很好， 完全可推广应用于多层体系， 满足工程设计和有关理论研究的需要．     

钢筋混凝土偏心受压构件裂缝宽度异常分析

根据应用《公路钢筋混凝土及预应力混凝土桥涵设计规范》(JTG D62-2004)6.4.3及6.4.4条公式计算钢筋混凝土偏心受压构件裂缝宽度时出现异常结果的情况,应用数学方法及工程实例对此进行了分析论证。在特定条件下规范公式误差较大。     

Incentives in Bus Concession Contracts: A Review of Several Experiences in Latin America

Abstract

This paper reviews the incentive structure of concession contracts in several Latin American transit reforms. It also presents a conceptual analysis of the optimal design of concession contracts. The conceptual discussion and case studies reviewed indicate that payment to operators should be linked to operational variables and that some demand risk should optimally be transferred to operators. Performance standards linked to fines and penalties are not sufficient to guarantee good quality of service, particularly in citywide reforms and where institutional capacity ― in terms of size, experience and expertise of staff ― is lacking and regulatory processes are slow, bureaucratic and cumbersome. This review may be useful for policy-makers designing transit reforms in other countries. The policy lessons of the paper are particularly relevant to cities in the developing world but they are also important for reforms in other countries.     

高斯-克吕格投影和横轴墨卡托(UTM)投影的异同

介绍在工程测量中使用的2个主要投影的原理和方法,特别在国外测量中常使用的UTM投影和国内常用的高斯投影之间的关系,以及2个投影的异同。结合UTM投影在缅甸工程测量中的应用,分析高斯-克吕格投影与UTM投影的正反解公式。     

Improved design formulas for the ultimate strength of platings with circular openings and manholes under uniaxial compression

The paper focuses on the ultimate strength of perforated platings with circular openings and manholes, eventually reinforced by ringed or carling stiffeners, in order to develop a comprehensive and rationale format, useful to assess the ultimate capacity of perforated plate panels under uniaxial compression. In this respect, a large number of FE simulations is performed by Ansys Mechanical APDL, in order to provide new design formulas for the ultimate strength of platings with circular openings or manholes and, subsequently, for perforated plate panels reinforced by local stiffeners. The design formulas are developed by properly varying the opening size and the scantlings of ringed or carling stiffeners, in order to provide a comprehensive set of design curves. Hence, the incidence of the opening longitudinal position on the ultimate capacity of perforated platings, without and with local stiffeners, is also investigated. Finally, the proposed equations are applied in a straightforward design example. Based on current results, the new design formulas allow a reliable assessment of the ultimate capacity of platings with circular openings or manholes and the incidence of local stiffeners on the plating ultimate strength, so providing a rationale design format that could be easily embodied in current Rules and guidelines.     

圆柱内齿轮和锥齿轮传动的诱导法曲率

本文导出了圆柱齿轮和锥形齿轮啮合时的诱导法曲率的计算公式 ,并给出了计算实例     

按塑性理论设计四边支承的双向板

考虑了不同的支座条件及不同的长宽比的双向板在破坏时,支座条件及长宽比对塑性铰线的影响,假定塑性铰线划分的板块为绝对刚体,利用刚体的极限平衡条件及虚功原理推导出了双向板考虑塑性时的内力计算公式.     

基于三角函数内插法的波动反应谱计算精度分析

以反应谱基本概念和线性插值法为理论基础提出了求解波动反应谱的三角函数内插法。推导了反应谱计算公式,建立了时间间隔相等的三角函数内插法的连锁递推反应谱计算公式。对简谐波动荷载进行三角函数内插法、解析法和"精确法"的反应谱计算,结果表明:采用三角函数内插法的反应谱计算值比反应谱计算方法(精确法)计算值更接近解析解,且计算精度更高。利用三角函数内插法对两条实际记录的波动加速度时程曲线进行反应谱的数值计算。分析表明:基于三角函数内插法得到的各反应谱值是稳定的,其反应谱值一般稍大于线性内插法所得结果,精度满足要求,能在一定程度上简化计算。     

基于时间序列BP神经网络的集装箱吞吐量动态预测

集装箱吞吐量预测是港口发展规划制定的依据。在MATLAB环境下，把时间序列BP神经网络应用于港口集装箱吞吐量的预测，采用逐步递归的方法进行，同时注意尽量减少训练样本的浪费（只用1个检验样本）和充分挖掘BP神经网络适合短期预测的潜力。无论是从拟合情况，还是预测值的检验和港口发展规划的实际情况来看，都有着很高的精度．可以作为集装箱吞吐量预测的一种行之有效的方法。